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Background: Functional and morphological changes of the heart influence blood flow patterns. Therefore, flow patterns may carry diagnostic and prognostic information. Three-dimensional, time-resolved, three-directional phase contrast cardiovascular magnetic resonance (4D PC-CMR) can image flow patterns with unique detail, and using new flow visualization methods may lead to new insights. The aim o
Since their discovery more than 70 years ago antibiotic drugs have been efficient tools for treating bacterial infections, and their use has reduced the number of fatalities and the suffering from bacterial diseases. However, the use of antibiotics may lead to resistance to the same or other antibiotics. The risk of resistance appears to be larger in veterinary medicine, since antibiotics have bee
This is a thesis on the Swedish writer Vilhelm Moberg (1898–1973) and his renowned novel cycle about Swedish emigrants to the U.S.: Utvandrarna (1949), Invandrarna (1952), Nybyggarna (1956) and Sista brevet till Sverige (1959). The novels, set in the mid 19th century, describe Swedish emigration to North America through the main characters of Karl Oskar, Kristina, Ulrika and Robert from the parish
This thesis consists of four papers A, B, C and D. Paper A and B treats the simulation of stochastic differential equations (SDEs). The research presented therein was triggered by the fact that there were not any efficient implementations of the higher order methods for simulating SDEs. So in practice the higher order methods required at least the same amount of work as the Euler method to obtain
Odorant Binding Proteins (OBPs) and Chemosensory Proteins (CSPs) are small soluble proteins found in the lymph of insect sensillae located on insect antennae. Odorant Binding proteins are implied in olfaction, by binding hydrophobic odorant molecules and transporting them to the olfactory receptor located on the dendrite of the olfactory neurons. They are divided into three groups, Pheromone Bindi
Popular Abstract in Swedish Men älskar du honom? Så frågar en ung flicka på 1820-talet sin syster Henrietta som just skall gifta sig. Nej det gör Henrietta inte men hon böjer sig för den krassa verkligheten, behovet att bli försörjd. Den stillsamma frågan anger något som kan tolkas som en tyst revolution: övergången från en äldre syn på äktenskapet som ett ekonomiskt kontrakt till en uppfattning aThe main theme of this dissertation is the question of how young women in the early middle class handled the new demands for marriage based on love instead of on judgements of moral, economy and status. Another theme is the education of these middle class girls around 1800 and the question how this new education interacted with the new demands for love marriage. The German social historian Ulrike
The objectives of this dissertation are 1) to describe what child protection services actually do when assessing risk and deciding on interventions, and 2) to analyze this practice in the light of institutional expectations, organizational demands and professional technology. The field work was carried out in two Danish municipal social service agencies. Data consist of records on families subject
Popular Abstract in Swedish Astma är en folksjukdom i Sverige. Mellan 5-10 % av befolkningen har astma i varierande svårighetsgrad. Förekomsten av astma är dessutom stigande – mest markant ses detta hos unga individer. Astma påverkar därför livskvaliteten hos många (däribland många barn) och hos en del utvecklas en gravt invalidiserande och ibland dödlig sjukdom. Astma kännetecknas av episoder medIn allergic asthma the immune response to antigen is inappropriate, leading to an inflammatory process in the respiratory mucosa. To further elucidate immunological mechanisms involved in the development of such inflammation, control mice and mice deficient in selected cell types or proteins, were used in experimental models of allergic asthma and anaphylaxis. The present study demonstrates that
The enzymatic degradation of plant polysaccharides is a process of fundamental importance in nature which involves a wide range of enzymes. In this work, the structure and function of hemicellulose-degrading enzymes was investigated. The focus was on a beta-mannanase (TrMan5A) produced by the filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei. This enzyme is composed of a catalytic module and a carbohydrate-bi
Chromosomal instability is a known hallmark of many cancers. DNA polymerases represent a group of enzymes that are involved in the mechanism of chromosomal instability as they have a central function in DNA metabolism. We hypothesized that genetic variation in the polymerase genes may affect gene expression or protein configuration and by that cancer risk and clinical outcome. We selected four gen
Popular Abstract in Swedish Depression är en av de stora folksjukdomarna och drabbar varannan kvinna och var fjärde man någon gång under deras livstid. Vid djupa depressioner, då självmordsrisken är hög eller då patienten hamnat i ett livshotande tillstånd på grund av oförmåga att äta och dricka används elektrokonvulsiv terapi (ECT), eller som det ofta kallas, ”elbehandling”. Ungefär 45 000 patienElectroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is a well-established treatment for severe depressive disorder, but its clinical use has been limited by concerns about side effects such as memory disturbances. Despite over 70 years in clinical use, the exact mechanisms of action behind the therapeutic or adverse effects are not fully understood. Enhanced brain plasticity, including neurogenesis, angiogenesis and
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur kan man förklara vardagligt tänkande med de kognitiva teorier som finns tillhands idag? Ofta är dessa teorier konstruerade för att kunna förutsäga beteende under kontrollerade omständigheter, som i ett laboratorium. Å andra sidan är det snarare flexibilitet och improvisation som kännetecknar det vardagliga tänkandet. I avhandlingen försöker jag ta reda pa vad man måHow well can we explain natural occurrences of cognitive behaviours given the theoretical frameworks available to us today? The thesis explores what has to be assumed in cognitive theory in order to provide such an explanation, in contrast to being able to predict behaviour under controlled circumstances. The behaviours considered are all of the type described as involving higher level cognition
Human cancers are often associated with numerical and structural chromosomal instability. Structural chromosomal aberrations (CAs) in peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) arise as consequences of direct DNA damage or due to replication on a damaged DNA template. In both cases, DNA repair is critical and inter-individual differences in its capacity are probably due to corresponding genetic variations
Clinical and experimental results have revealed a fundamental role of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in primary headaches. CGRP is widely expressed in neurons both in the central nervous system (CNS) and in peripheral sensory nerves. In the CNS there is a wide distribution of CGRP-containing neurons with the highest levels seen in striatum, amygdale and cerebellum. Moreover, in acute attac
P>Background: PET using 1-11C-acetate (ACE-PET) applied at rest is used for measuring absolute myocardial blood flow (MBF) and oxidative metabolic rate (k(mono)). We evaluated the feasibility of quantitative ACE-PET during exercise. Methods: Five endurance athletes underwent dynamic PET scanning at rest and during supine bicycle stress. Exercise was maintained at a workload of 120 Watt for 17 min.
Manganese (Mn) enrichments in sediments of the deep basins of the Baltic Sea are believed to consist of Ca-Mn-carbonates that form from Mn oxides following periodic inflows of oxygen-rich North Sea waters. However, a range of Mn-bearing mineral phases, that besides Mn-carbonates (e. g. Ca-rhodochrosite), can include Mn-sulfides are known to be present in marine sediments, with formation mechanisms
Introduction: Soft tissue knee injury is a well-established and potent risk factor for development of knee osteoarthritis. However, there is a paucity of epidemiological data from the general population. Our aim was to estimate the annual person-level incidence for a wide spectrum of clinically diagnosed soft tissue knee injuries, and their distribution by age, sex, and season. Methods: In Sweden,
In this work an artificial neural network (ANN) is used to correlate experimentally determined and numerically computed Nusselt numbers and friction factors of three kinds of fin-and-tube heat exchangers having plain fins, slit fins and fins with longitudinal delta-winglet vortex generators with large tube-diameter and large the number of tube rows. First the experimental data for training the net
Objectives: To assess the interval change of the minimal joint space width (MJS) in radiographs of the tibiofemoral (TF) joint and of the patellofemoral (PF) joint with a 2-year follow-up in middle-aged people with longstanding knee pain with or without radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) and to study the precision of the MJS measurements. Design: In the format of a prospective study of early OA the
Dynamic artery blood pressure (Finapres) response to active standing up, normally consisting of initial rise, fall and recovery above the baseline (overshoot), was compared with the early steady-state artery blood pressure level to measure sympathetic vasomotor function in healthy subjects (n = 23, age 35 +/- 9 years; mean +/-SD) and in type I diabetic patients without autonomic neuropathy (AN) (g
