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Human embryonic stern cells (hESC) are now routinely cultured in many laboratories, and differentiation protocols are available to generate a large variety of cell types. In all ongoing ethical debate opinions of different groups are based oil varying sets of religious, historical, cultural and scientific arguments as well as oil widely differing levels of general information. We here give all ove
Huntington's disease is an autosomal dominant hereditary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by severe striatal cell loss. Dopamine (DA) has been suggested to play a role in the pathogenesis of the disease. We have previously reported that transgenic mice expressing exon 1 of the human Huntington gene (R6 lines) are resistant to quinolinic acid-induced striatal toxicity. In this study we show
Crosstalk between insulin and cAMP signalling pathways has a great impact on adipocyte metabolism. Whilst Protein kinase B (PKB) is a pivotal mediator of insulin action, in some cells regulation of PKB by cAMP has also been demonstrated. Here we provide evidence that, in a phosphatidyl inositol 3-kinase dependent manner, beta 3-adrenergic stimulation (using CL316243) in adipocytes induces PKB phos
A thermostable glycoside hydrolase family-10 xylanase originating from Rhodothermus marinus was cloned and expressed in the methylotrophic yeast Pichia pastoris (SMD1168H). The DNA sequence from Rmxyn10A encoding the xylanase catalytic module was PCR-amplified and cloned in frame with the Saccharomyces cerevisiae alpha-factor secretion signal under the control of the alcohol oxidase (AOX1) promoto
Purpose: A scale assessing primary care physicians' priorities for genetic education (The Gen-EP scale) was developed and tested in five European countries. The objective of this study was to determine its factor structure, to test scaling assumptions and to determine internal consistency. Methods: The sample consisted of 3686 practitioners (general practitioners, gyneco-obstetricians, pediatricia
After time-consuming and costly investigations, patients with neck metastases from an occult primary often receive unnecessarily large radiation volumes to treat a possible origin in the nasopharynx. In this study a colorimetric antisense Epstein-Barr early ribonucleoprotein 1 (EBER1) oligonucleotide probe specific for Epstein-Barr virus RNA was hybridized in situ to metastatic tissue obtained fro
Pt (0.1 wt.%) on Al2O3, TiO2, and MgO supports were used for the low temperature combustion of methanol in both the absence and the presence of ammonia. Without NH3 in the gas the performance for the complete combustion decreases in the order Pt/MgO greater than or equal to Pt/TiO2 much greater than Pt/Al2O3 comparing a fixed amount of Pt surface area. In the presence of ammonia strong deactivatio
OBJECTIVE: To compare costs of transurethral prostatic resection (TURP) and transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) in a randomized, controlled trial. METHODS: In 70 BPH patients all costs were calculated for management, including complications and repeat treatment, during TURP or TUMT and 24-month follow-up. Clinical outcome was judged from
Two major high-penetrance breast cancer genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, are responsible for approximately 20% of hereditary breast cancer (HBC) cases in Finland. Additionally, rare mutations in several other genes that interact with BRCA1 and BRCA2 increase the risk of HBC. Still, a majority of HBC cases remain unexplained which is challenging for genetic counseling. We aimed to analyze additional mutatio
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an important regulator of cellular energy status. In adipocytes, stimuli that increase intracellular cyclic AMP (cAMP) have also been shown to increase the activity of AMPK. The precise molecular mechanisms responsible for cAMP-induced AMPK activation are not clear. Phosphodiesterase 3B (PDE3B) is a critical regulator of cAMP signaling in adipocytes. Here we
Syringe exchange has been suggested as a potential conduit to treatment for drug dependence, but this never has been documented in Europe. The primary aim was to compare the effectiveness of strength-based case management intervention against referral only to facilitate treatment attendance in a syringe exchange programme. We also assessed effectiveness of a syringe exchange programme for referral
The c-kit-encoded tyrosine kinase receptor for stem cell factor (Kit/SCFR) is crucial for the development of hematopoietic cells, melanoblasts, and germ cells. Ligand stimulation of Kit/SCFR leads to receptor dimerization and autophosphorylation on tyrosine residues. We recently showed, that protein kinase C (PKC) acts in an SCF-stimulated negative feedback loop, which controls Kit/SCFR tyrosine k
BACKGROUND: The risk for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and celiac disease (CD) is related to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQA1, DQB1 and DRB1 loci. Unfortunately, HLA typing has been too difficult and costly for frequent use. Automated genotyping focused on risk alleles could provide access to HLA typing in diagnostic evaluations, epidemiological screening and contribute to preventive strategie
Growth anomaly of trees in some regions was detected under current episode of rapid warming. Thisraises a dilemma for temperature reconstructions by using tree-ring width which is believed to be themost important proxy on inter-annual temperature reconstruction during the past millenniums. Here weemployed the tree-ring d13C to reconstruct temperature variations for exploring their potential oncapt
PURPOSE: To evaluate the repeatability of the dGEMRIC (delayed gadolinium enhanced MRI of cartilage) method in osteoarthritis-prone knee joints for three different T1 quantification techniques: two-dimensional inversion recovery (2D-IR), three-dimensional Look-Locker (3D-LL), and three-dimensional variable flip angle (3D-VFA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nine subjects were examined twice, with a 2-week
In 2000, the Clinton Administration in the U.S. adopted the Commodity Futures Modernization Act, which deregulated the U.S. trade with financial instruments on commodity markets. With respect to this adoption, it has been regarded as one catalyst for the Global food crisis 2008, where millions of individuals lacked provision and access to agricultural products and nutrition. From the perspective o
The intake of anthocyanin rich-foods, such as bilberries has been associated with a reduced risk of developing cardiovascular-related diseases. Similarly, the cardiovascular benefits of oat consumption are well known and are mainly due to its cholesterol-lowering and hypoglycemic effects. A randomized double-blinding clinical trial has been designed to investigate the cardiovascular beneficial eff
Hittills har över 50 miljoner ton e-avfall genererats globalt (World Economic Forum, 2019), vilket väcker frågan om den cirkulära ekonomins roll i kampen mot klimatförändringarna (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2021). I detta examensarbete undersöks möjligheterna för Axis Communications att införa ett system i USA för att ta tillbaka produkter som tagits ur bruk och återvinna dem. Inom detta område So far, over 50 million tonnes of e-waste have been generated globally (World Economic Forum, 2019), raising the question of the role of circular economy in combating climate change (Ellen MacArthur Foundation, 2021). This thesis explores the opportunities for Axis Communications to introduce a take back system for recycling decommissioned products in the US. Within this scope, several areas are
