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Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Genen MYCN kodar för N-Myc, ett protein som fungerar som transkriptionsfaktor, det vill säga det kontrollerar vilka gener som transkriberas aktivt från DNA till RNA. Många neuroendokrina tumörer, speciellt neuroblastoma, uppvisar ofta onormalt höga nivåer av N-Myc, och eftersom N-Myc startar transkriptionen av många gener som är viktiga för cellens delning, tillvThe gene MYCN encodes a transcription factor with a fundamental role in many neuroendocrine tumors, especially neuroblastoma. The gene and protein are very similar to the closely related c-Myc protein, except for the 3´untranslated region (3´UTR), suggesting that it may be an important factor in determining their very different expression pattern at the post-transcriptional level. MicroRNA (miRNA)

I Sverige drabbas omkring 300 barn av cancer varje år och majoriteten av dem är bara fyra-fem år gamla när de får sin diagnos. Omkring två tredjedelar av barncancerdiagnoserna utgörs av leukemier, lymfom och hjärntumörer, medan den sista tredjedelen är olika solida tumörformer som njurtumörer och nervvävnadstumörer i buken. Cancersjukvårdens utveckling under de senaste årtiondena har medfört en avPurpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of including PET (Positron Emission Tomography) in the process of pediatric radiation therapy planning. The aim was to study the effect on target volumes and how this in turn affects the resulting treatment plans. This study also aims to compare the estimated risks of various long-term complications and how the use of PET influences the

The adoption of the International Convention on Civil Liability for Bunker Oil Pollution Damage 2001 plugs a gap in the otherwise comprehensive international liability and compensation regime for ship-source pollution. Although liability for bunkers pollution from tankers was partially regulated by other civil liability regimes, bunker spills pollution from other types of vessels was left uncovere

Last few years, services such as Internet Protocol Television (IPTV) and Voice over Internet Protocol (ValP) have been in focus. Network operators see a huge potential in streaming real-time media over IP-networks and this lays the ground for so called paid services such as Video on Demand (VOD) as well as free services like YouThbe and SVT Play. IPTV delivers content over a closed infrastructure

Primarily due to a massively overburdened docket, the European Court of Human Rights has been experiencing major challenges in the last decade. The crisis has prompted it to modify its procedures and one recent innovation at the Court is the pilot judgment procedure, which is a tool for dealing with systemic deficiencies in the Member States. This thesis assesses what the effects of the pilot judg

Issue of study: To be a well performing company over time, profitability and growth are considered the key strategic value drivers. Swedish and Finnish manufacturing companies are using different strategies to handle this challenge and some are performing better than others. In a world of globalization it is essential for the companies to remain competitive. Purpose: The purpose of this study is

This master thesis was a project in cooperation with Höganäs AB. The aim was to increase the apparent density (AD) of two biomass chars, by three different agglomeration methods. The reason for the investigation is that biomass char could be used as a reducing agent in the sponge iron process at Höganäs AB. The goal was to exchange anthracite in the reduction mixture to agglomerated biomass char.

This study examines the impact of sky-bridges, as an egress component, on total evacuation of a high-rise building by using an evacuation model named Pathfinder. Five scenarios, with different combination of aspects such as height of the building, number of sky-bridges (and the subsequent inter-distance between them), and people allocation have been simulated. The comparison between the results fr

Sensing temperature is important for identifying preferable temperatures and avoiding dangerous extremes. The cold pain limit of mammals in general is estimated to approximately 12 °C. I reasoned that such a skin temperature is unlikely to be sustainable in colder climates and studied cold-adapted dogs in northern Sweden using thermography. Skin temperature on the rhinarium (naked nose tip) was 2.

Theoretically the relation between returns and idiosyncratic volatility should be non-existent or positive. Many empirical studies confirm this but Ang, Hodrick, Xing and Zhang (2006) contest the conventional view and find a negative relationship for a sample of U.S. firms. I contribute to the field by investigating the relation for a sample of U.S. mutual funds. The sample consist of a total of 1

Through economic openness, increased capital mobility and the resulting competition to innovate, the globalisation of capitalism ought to increase the wealth and living standards of all involved. However, in order for all to be involved, they must be of value to that economy. That the world lives largely in poverty means that the more the economy incorporates cheap labour, the lower the returns to

Farmers who keep livestock in large carnivore areas are exposed to threat of predation directly impacting on finances and workload as well as the associated psychological stress indirectly impacting on farmers well-being. So far, little is known about such stress responses. The concept of “stress” or “stress reaction” is often used as an undifferentiated umbrella concept for the experience of nega

In this paper, we analyze one of the early welfare interventions in the Swedish welfare state targeted towards mothers and young children: the introduction of a child day-care system. Because quantitative research on day-cares in historical settings is generally scarce, in this study, we focus on the determinants of day-care enrollment in southern Sweden during the early twentieth century. We use

We present high-power Yb:YAG lasers combined with nonlinear pulse compression in multi-pass cells. We show that these are suitable for integration in FEL facilities in terms of pulse stability, jitter, temporal contrast and intra-burst behaviour.

A continuous rotary membrane emulsification (cRME) system, allowing the decoupling of droplet generation from continuous phase (CP) flowrate, is presented here for the first time. The decoupling results in higher productivity and greater control compared to traditional crossflow and rotational membrane emulsification processes. A design of experiment (DoE) investigated the influence on droplet for