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The ATLAS Inner Detector consists of three sub-systems, the Pixel Detector at the innermost radius, the Semi-Conductor Tracker at intermediate radii, and the Transition Radiation Tracker (TRT) at the outermost radius in front of the electromagnetic calorimeter. The TRT provides a combination of continuous tracking with many projective measurements based on individual drift-tubes (or straws) and of
We propose a Viterbi-type decoder for tailbiting trellis codes that works by traversing the tailbiting circle somewhat more than once. The traversal is the least possible for any bounded distance Viterbi decoder. Procedures are given that compute this minimum. Unlike previous decoders of the type, the new scheme does not suffer limit cycles or from pseudocodewords. The bit-error rate is compared t
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bränder utgör en risk för människor p.g.a. värmen samt de utsläpp som produceras från en brand. Man kan tydligt se från brandstatistik, att det faktiskt är brandgaserna som dödar och skadar många människor. Vidare produceras från bränder ämnen som inte har en direkt effekt, men som i stället kan ge indirekta skador. Vissa av dessa ämnen är kända för att ha en långsiktigAccidental fires represent a risk for people from the heat and fire effluents produced. It is clear from fire statistics that it is, in fact, the toxic gases that kill and injure many fire victims. Further, there are a number of compounds that are readily produced in fires, which have important sublethal effects on humans. Some of those compounds are known to have a long-term effect on people, and
We establish the local well-posedness for a new nonlinearly dispersive wave equation and we show that the equation has solutions that exist for indefinite times as well as solutions which blowup in finite time. Furthermore, we derive an explosion criterion for the equation and we give a sharp estimate from below for the existence time of solutions with smooth initial data.
Microalgae enhance the removal of nutrients, organic contaminants, heavy metals, and pathogens from domestic wastewater and furnish an interesting raw material for the production of high-value chemicals (algae metabolites) or biogas. Photosynthetic oxygen production also reduces the need for external aeration, which is especially advantageous for the treatment of hazardous pollutants that must be
A group of Swedish oncologists and hospital physicists have estimated the number of patients in Sweden suitable for proton beam therapy. The estimations have been based on current statistics of tumour incidence, number of patients potentially eligible for radiation treatment, scientific support from clinical trials and model dose planning studies and knowledge of the dose-response relations of dif
In a search for β-delayed charged particles from 14Be we have obtained an upper limit on β-delayed greek small letter alpha particles, B(βgreek small letter alpha)<1.2×10−4, and found evidence for β-delayed tritons at intensity of 6×10−5
This report describes the design and implementation of {TinyRealTime}, an event-based real-time kernel for the Atmel AVR ATmega8L 8-bit micro-controller. The kernel is event-based and supports fully preemptive earliest-deadline-first scheduling of tasks. Semaphores are provided to support task synchronization. The focus of the report is on the memory management, timing, and internal workings of th
A new beam blanking system was installed at the Lund Nuclear Microprobe and employed in proton beam lithography (PBL) for polymer microstructures fabrication. The blanker consists of two parallel plates connected to a high voltage generator. Measurement of the beam blanking time on a sample was performed by means of the standard PIXE system. The beam is blanked and returns to a sample within 200 n
The aim of this project is to study the fungal growth habits on building materials as a function of humidity, temperature and other environmental parameters. The method of calorimetry is used as a way to quantify fungal activity on building materials. Calorimetry is a general, but sensitive method that can continuously monitor biological processes as a function of environmental conditions. In this
We construct a probabilistic model which “mimics” the behaviour of a certain number-theoretical algorithm. This model involves study of a binary tree with randomly labelled edges, such that the labels have different distributions, depending on their directions. A number of properties of this tree are rigorously studied. As an application, this study could suggest what one could expect in the origi
A statistical signal analysis for the inverse source problem of electromagnetics is given. This correspondence considers the problem of estimating either the near field or the radiating current distribution from a measurement of the far field. The solution is derived via a linear operator formalism, and the ill-posedness of the reconstruction is quantified by using the Cramer-Rao lower bound, whic
The REvolutionary Approaches and Devices for Nucleic Acid analysis (READNA) project received funding from the European Commission for 4 1/2 years. The objectives of the project revolved around technological developments in nucleic acid analysis. The project partners have discovered, created and developed a huge body of insights into nucleic acid analysis, ranging from improvements and implementati
Arctic sea ice decline has led to an amplification of surface warming and is projected to continue to decline from anthropogenic forcing, although the exact timing of ice-free summers is uncertain owing to large natural variability. Sea ice reductions affect surface heating patterns and the atmospheric pressure distribution, which may alter midlatitude extreme weather patterns. Increased light pen
We consider a splitting-based approximation of the abstract differential Riccati equation in the setting of Hilbert--Schmidt operators. The Riccati equation arises in many different areas and is important within the field of optimal control. In this paper we conduct a temporal error analysis and prove that the splitting method converges with the same order as the implicit Euler scheme, under the s
In this second issue on the scholar and public intellectual Yu Jianrong, we address some of the topics that have been at the core of his academic work and where his research and views have helped shaped awareness of these issues among the general public and the academic community. We focus on the rural-urban divide, land issues (including land confiscations and property demolitions), the letters a
I911-SAXS is the new SAXS (Small-Angle-X-ray-Scattering) beamline at the MAX IV Laboratory in Lund, Sweden. It is one of the 5 stations of the hard X-ray Cassiopeia beamline (I911) at the 1.5 GeV ring MAX II. I911-4 was converted into a multipurpose SAXS station which opened to the scientific community in May 2011. The SAXS users community at this laboratory comes from diverse fields of research w
Mesenchymal stem cells have shown regenerative properties in many tissues. This feature had originally been ascribed to their multipotency and thus their ability to differentiate into tissue-specific cells. However, many researchers consider the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells the most important player in the observed reparative effects of these cells. In this review, we specifically focus on
