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Most microalgal species are geographically widespread, but little is known about how they are dispersed. One potential mechanism for long-distance dispersal is through birds, which may transport cells internally (endozoochory) and deposit them during, or in-between, their migratory stopovers. We hypothesize that dinoflagellates, in particular resting stages, can tolerate bird digestion; that bird
Natural light-harvesting is performed by pigment–protein complexes, which collect and funnel the solar energy at the start of photosynthesis. The identity and arrangement of pigments largely define the absorption spectrum of the antenna complex, which is further regulated by a palette of structural factors. Small alterations are induced by pigment–protein interactions. In light-harvesting systems
Haemophilia A and haemophilia B are congenital X-linked bleeding disorders caused by deficiency of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and IX (FIX), respectively. The preferred treatment option for patients with haemophilia is replacement therapy. For patients with severe disease, prophylactic replacement of coagulation factor is the treatment of choice; this has been shown to reduce arthropathy signi
Membrane applications have established themselves in both the production and water loop of the starch-based sweetener industry. This presentation will give an overview of membrane opportunities in the starch-based sweetener industry is given. In the first part of this paper, the membrane opportunities in the production loop of starch-based sweeteners will be generally discussed and application stu
IntroductionMembrane processes can be either used in direct competition with conventional separation processes or in combination with these to cover a wider separation range. The focus of this work is on the applications in an apple juice plant using membrane processes in combination with conventional separation processes, i.e. separators and evaporators.Traditional Apple Juice Plant The traditio
This study presents the results of surgery in the elderly for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) from a single institution's experience. We retrospectively analyzed 898 cases of surgically treated PHPT, divided into two groups: 135 elderly patients (A) and 763 patients younger than 65 years (B). PHPT was symptomatic in 68.8 per cent patients in group A and in 81.6 per cent in group B. Unilateral t
An experiment has been performed to search for superdeformed (SD) states in 149,150Dy. While no evidence for discrete superdeformed states has been observed, a superdeformed ridge with a separation of ΔΕγ=52 keV with a total intensity of 1.8±0.5% that of 150Dy has been observed. An upper limit of 0.8% (0.9%), of the intensity of 150Dy (149Dy), is placed for observation of the most intense discrete
The phenomenon of backscattering in copper cables has been recently observed and initially explicated. It can provide promising techniques to address the problem of loop diagnostic and maintenance. The backscattering is analyzed both in frequency and time domains. To demonstrate the practical use of the phenomenon, we estimate certain properties of the loop using wideband, high-frequency $\seleven
Least squares identification is considered from the Bayesian point of view. A necessary and sufficient condition for consistency almost everywhere is given under the assumption that the data are generated by a regression model with white and Ganssian noise.
We develop a simulation method for Markov Jump processes with finite time steps based in a quasilinear approximation of the process and in multinomial random deviates. The second order approximation to the generating function, Error$=O(dt^{2})$, is developed in detailand an algorithm is presented. The algorithm is implemented for a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible (SIRS) epidemic model a
Constructing in rock will always involve unforeseen rock conditions. This involves a large risk to a project and can in the end entail delays and extra costs. To minimize the risks, an optimized pre-investigation program has to be conducted where essential information is gathered in order to make the best decisions throughout the construction project. In this work the main focus has been on the ap
Background: Serial transverse enteroplasty facilitates weaning from parenteral support in selected patients with short bowel syndrome, although repeated procedure is frequently required. Our aim was to evaluate the outcome of a series of patients after serial transverse enteroplasty and define predictors of repeated serial transverse enteroplasty and weaning off parenteral support. Methods: All ch
This report outlines the potential for a more structured and strategic relationship between the European Union and the Islamic Republic of Iran following the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA). To both address areas of disagreement and complaints, as well as pursue common interests and matters of mutual benefit, the EU needs to put in place an institutional framework that can withstand the
In most studies on technology change, the analysis of cost reductions of new energy technologies has been narrow and has often neglected essential processes related to the deployment of new technologies, such as photovoltaics (PV). However, in the case of distributed PV systems, other costs than for the PV modules – aka the deployment or balance-of-system costs – are significant. This review study
Background: This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002. Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been inconclusive. Objectives: To assess the effect of dietary fibre on the recurren
