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Although microfinance is often thought of as a tool to address poverty in developing countries, it is also being introduced in a number of countries in the developed world. The paper presents a qualitative study of the first year of the introduction of microfinance to address vulnerable groups in Sweden. Savings banks and nonprofit organisations collaborated in the introduction of microfinance as
Geophysical methods provide important information for mapping the subsurface. In semiarid areas, a detailed knowledge of the aquifers geometry can assist to a better management of groundwater. In the Valle Alto (Bolivia), which is a semiarid region, there is gap in the knowledge about the aquifer system geometry and hydrogeological processes. Local reports indicated problems in some wells such as
We explore the gravitational instability of clumpy and turbulent gas discs, taking into account the Larson-type scaling laws observed in giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and H i, as well as more general scaling relations. This degree of freedom is of special interest in view of the coming high-z interstellar medium surveys and is thus potentially important for understanding the dynamical effects of t
III-Nitride (III-N) materials are promising building blocks of optoelectronic devices such as light emitting diode and laser diode due to the unique material properties. Furthermore, direct and tunable band gaps of III-N materials enable them to cover the entire visible-UV region of electromagnetic spectrum for device applications. Even though the possibility of the fabrication of many devices bas
In order to improve curve safety, warning signs are used to alert drivers to unexpected changes in horizontal alignment and speed variations. While all countries have standards and guidelines for signs, markings and delineations to ensure a uniform system, they do not use them in the same way and choices and combinations may differ. SAFESTAR project promoted a method for establishing uniform curve
Carotenoid-based coloration in birds is widely considered an honest signal of individual condition, but the mechanisms responsible for condition dependency in such ornaments remain debated. Currently, the most common explanation for how carotenoid coloration serves as a reliable signal of condition is the resource trade-off hypothesis, which proposes that use of carotenoids for ornaments reduces t
Throughout time, communities have adapted to changes in their environment and, in doing so, have addressed risksthat threaten the things they value. The need to adapt is considered more urgent now than ever, notably given thecurrent focus on climate risk. Typically, adaptation is presented as a solution to reduce such risks. This is particularlythe case for Landlocked Developing Countries and Smal
The predictions of chiral perturbation theory for the weak non-leptonic decays of hyperons are examined beyond the leading order. For the S-wave amplitudes we find that the leading corrections to lowest order chiral perturbation theory preserve the vanishing of the Σ+ → nπ+ amplitude. However, the Lee-Sugawara relation gets a large correction indicating a breakdown of chiral perturbation theory fo
Objective: Fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT) is associated with life-threatening bleeding. This systematic review of postnatal management of FNAIT examined transfusion of human platelet antigen (HPA) selected or unselected platelets, and/or IVIg on platelet increments, hemorrhage and mortality. Study design: MEDLINE, EM
This paper investigates how & to what degree English is used in specific elite domains in Sweden through analysis of (1) language requirements to participate in undergraduate & graduate programs at competitive institutions, & (2) language qualifications & language use patterns in elite professions. We find that English is used pervasively, but not exclusively. The paper also explor
In this correspondence the error exponent and the decoding complexity of binary woven convolutional codes with outer warp and with binary convolutional codes as outer and inner codes are studied. It is shown that an error probability that is exponentially decreasing with the product of the outer and inner code memories can be achieved with a nonexponentially increasing decoding complexity
The nonreceptor tyrosine kinase Src binds to and is activated by the beta-receptor for platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). The interaction leads to Src phosphorylation of Tyr934 in the kinase domain of the receptor. In the course of the functional characterization of this phosphorylation, we noticed that components of 136 and 97 kDa bound to a peptide from this region of the receptor in a phosp
It is demonstrated that an accurate approximation of the screening function is crucial for a quantitative evaluation of the XPS asymmetry index α. It is also shown that the dynamical aspects of the valence electron response are important in order to get an accurate description of the XPS spectrum at finite distances from the threshold.(23 refs)
BACKGROUND: Neutralizing antibody assessments play a central role in human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) vaccine development but it is unclear which assay, or combination of assays, will provide reliable measures of correlates of protection. To address this, an international collaboration (NeutNet) involving 18 independent participants was organized to compare different assays. METHODS: Ea
Elements of the Ordovician conodont genus Protopanderodus have been investigated in order to provide a model of reconstruction for its oral apparatus. In total, 4202 elements from the five named species representing this genus in the Swedish Middle Ordovician are included in this study; P. rectus, P. parvibasis, P. graeai, P. robustus, and P. calceatus. The well-preserved specimens were studied in
Radiative lifetimes for the levels of the 3s(2)3p(2)4p configuration in neutral phosphorus have been determined experimentally for the first time and also theoretically. Experiments were performed by using two-photon UV laser excitation and subsequent fluorescence detection in a laser-produced plasma. In relativistic Hartree-Fock calculations, the Cowan code extended to 42 configurations was used.
