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This book is about how sustainability criteria may be used in a legal framework, with the purpose to promote and safeguard sustainable products and their production. The research and analysis in the book are conducted on the basis of the EU approach to use sustainability criteria for biofuels in the transport sector, legally expressed in Directive 2009/28/EC, and its amendments in Directive 2015/1
Background: Older adults spend more time at home after retirement, and the home becomes a central place for activity. While research indicates that indoor lighting, exposure to daylight, physical activity and sleep interact to influence functioning, mood and daily rhythm, strategies are needed to promote behavioural changes to optimise these factors in daily life. The objective is to design an int
Two different sum rules for transmission of the coherent electromagnetic fieldby a particulate slab are established. The particles are assumed sphericaland randomly located, and the slab is illuminated by a plane wave at normalincidence. These sum rules are obtained assuming the particles are passivescatterers, and satisfy energy conservation and causality conditions. The sumrules are then employe
Title: Mediating tools in the practice of choir directors – a study of working approaches and actions in choral conducting with children and youth. Abstract: In Sweden, approximately 5 % of the population sing in a choir or a singing group which means that about 500 000 people plus a number of choral conductors regularly meet in choir related practices. The aim of the present study is to describ
Popular Abstract in Swedish Inflammation is a protective response against injury or infection (the invading microbes or their toxins) with the aim being the removal of causal agent followed by the repair process. Without inflammation, infections would go unchecked and wounds would not heal. However, inflammation is like a double-edged sword. Though it is mainly a protective response, some times, iThe pro-inflammatory mediator, Leukotriene D4 (LTD4) is a product of arachidonic acid cascade and has been implicated in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases. Prolonged inflammatory conditions like ulcerative colitis increases the risk for the development of cancer and the factors that induce the chronic immune response remain uncertain. In this context, in the present study, we examined if expo
In probability theory, the assumption of independence between consecutive events is strong. However, when analyzing empirical data, this assumption is often weak or violated. This thesis investigates whether extreme negative daily returns in stock indices occur independently over time. To address this question, self-exciting Hawkes models are applied to extreme negative returns in two stock indice
This study aims to examine whether sustainable firms are more sensitive to economic hardship such as an economic crisis, high inflation and low GDP-growth than companies with less focus on sustainability. The research is based on publicly available taxonomy scores of twenty-three of largest publicly traded stocks in Sweden between 2003-2023. The results from three regressions, based on the same mo
The purpose of this study is to examine the political debate regarding the repeal of the Swedish prohibition against monasteries 1949-1961. The study emphasis is on the Swedish religious freedom bill from 1949 (that proposed the conditional repeal of the monastery prohibition) as well as on two parliamentary debates from 1951 and 1961 where the issue was discussed. As a theoretical framework the e
In association with the refugee crisis in 2015, more people sought asylum in Sweden than ever before. The Swedish government initially pursued a relatively welcoming asylum policy with open borders and with a vision of maintaining the right to asylum. This moral attitude towards refugees would subsequently take a turn. On December 9 in 2015, the Bill "Specific measures during serious danger t
Domestic violence against women is a world health issue as well as a public health problem in Sweden. The aim of this study was to gain a broader understanding of how women’s identities are affected by being exposed to domestic violence. Furthermore, the aim was to comprehend what role identity has in the women’s ability to leave the relationship. To gain this understanding Goffman's theory of
The purpose of this master´s thesis was to evaluate how the data, generated through Riksbyggens´s tool for analyzing ecosystem services in housing projects, is communicated and used through the stages of Riksbyggen´s housing development process. Furthermore, the purpose was to use this information to suggest how Riksbyggen can improve the communication related to the inclusion of ecosystem service
Since the inception of social media, an increasing number of studies have investigated how social media is used the local government level, particularly in light of its perceived democratic potential. Although studies have mainly focused on examining local governments’ social media communication, some research argue that it is the organisational structures and practices of local governments affect
I samband med framarbetandet av 36 § avtalslagen uttrycktes olika uppfattningar vad beträffar hur domstolarnas avgöranden bäst bör utformas för att främja vägledning och förutsägbarhet i en annars obestämd generalklausul. Principiellt med möjlighet att stämpla villkor som oskäliga i sig framfördes i lagmotiven. Kausistiskt, baserat på omständigheterna i det enskilda fallet, menade flertalet remissIn connection with the preparation of section 36 of the Swedish Contracts Act, different views were expressed as to how the courts' decisions should best be formulated in order to promote guidance and hence predictability in an otherwise indefinite general clause. Principally designed with the possibility of stamping contract terms as unreasonable in itself, it was argued in the law motives. B
The region of Scania, Sweden has set the goal to become “Europe’s most innovative region” by 2020 and has realized the importance of promoting and supporting entrepreneurship at the different stages of the entrepreneurial process to achieve this goal. This thesis investigates the structure of the entrepreneurship support in the region, with the aim to discover whether a system of entrepreneurship
I have always been curious about the effects architecture and the built environment have on us. The special atmosphere and the ability to arouse a sense of safety and calmness, but also the negative feelings certain spaces can evoke. Which architectural elements contribute to the way we perceive a space and more importantly, does the built environment not only affect our emotions but also our ment
Using the most recent data from various databases we have retrieved economic and health data from OECD member countries and analyzed it in regard to the Oxford COVID-19 Government Response Tracker, what we call Stringency index. We examine the effects on different economic variables such as GDP, exports, and unemployment, together with the health outcome variable excess mortality. In regard to our
The integration of high-precision cellular localization and machine learning (ML) is considered a cornerstone technique in future cellular navigation systems, offering unparalleled accuracy and functionality. This study focuses on localization based on uplink channel measurements in a fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) system. An attention-aided ML-based single-snapshot localization pipeline is The integration of high-precision cellular localization and machine learning (ML) is considered a cornerstone technique in future cellular navigation systems, offering unparalleled accuracy and functionality. This study focuses on localization based on uplink channel measurements in a fifth-generation (5G) new radio (NR) system. An attention-aided ML-based single-snapshot localization pipeline is
Att silver har en bakteriedödande effekt har varit känt sedan många århundraden. Historien om silver sträcker sig ända tillbaka till 4000 år före Kristus då de antika Kaldeérna använde silver och det var på den tiden en av mest använda metallerna tillsammans med guld och koppar. Persiska kungar föredrog att dricka vatten endast från bägare gjorda av silver för att vattnet kunde bevaras friskt och Over the past decade, a massive increase in the use of nanomaterials and nanoparticles (NPs) in both commercial and medical applications has occurred. Medical applications include advanced drug delivery vehicles, imaging and hyper thermic therapies. In retinal research, several nanomaterials have been explored in novel treatment approaches, ranging from metals, carbon, polymers and silica to biolo
This paper discusses teaching and learning activities (TLA) that forter students' commitment to homework and self-study. The discussion is illustrated with an exercise class, part of the International Master Programme in Wireless Communications at Lund University. The TLAs favored do not only look after the cognitive state and learning style preferences of the students, but they also take into accThis paper discusses teaching and learning activities (TLAs) that foster students’ commitment to homework and self-study. The discussion is illustrated with an exercise class, part of the International Master Programme in Wireless Communications at Lund University. The TLAs favored do not only look after the cognitive state and learning style preferences of the students, but they also take into ac
