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Adequate food packaging is important to ensure food quality and prolong the shelf life of food. Frequently, the method of modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) is used. We used a tunable diode laser spectroscopy technique to detect the oxygen content in food packages, e.g., in packaged milk and bread. Different detection geometries were adopted to be able to collect scattering light that had passed
Owing to its diagenetic instability, aragonite is rare in the geological record and almost entirely absent from pre-carboniferous sedimentary rocks. The former presence of this mineral in older deposits has to be inferred from petrographic, chemical or isotopic proxies. Crystals of aragonite that formed around 4563 million years ago occur in carbonaceous chondrite meteorites, showing that under ce
This article discusses the role of the protein corona in delivery systems with tagged nanoparticles and how knowledge of the protein corona can help in optimizing delivery. The basic question is whether and how the binding of proteins and other biomolecules at the nanoparticle surface interfere with the interaction between a tag and its receptor. This is an interesting problem in many respects, bu
Reduced pancreatic b-cell function or mass is the critical problem in developing diabetes. Insulin release from b-cells depends on Ca2+ influx through high voltage- gated Ca2+ channels (HVCCs). Ca2+ influx also regulates insulin synthesis and insulin granule priming and contributes to β-cell electrical activity. The HVCCs aremultisubunit protein complexes composed of a pore-forming a1 and auxiliar
Solar cells based on metal-halide perovskite semiconductors inspire high hopes for efficient low cost solar cell technology. This material class exhibits a facile tunability of the band gap making them interesting for multi-junction device technology. We here compare and highlight trends in the band gap tunability and device performance metrics in reported metal halide perovskite alloys of a wide
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This study presents a 2-yr follow-up of 281 patients, aged 15-34 yr, diagnosed with diabetes between 1992 and 1993. At diagnosis, 224 (80%) patients were positive for at least one of the following autoantibodies: islet cell antibodies (ICAs), glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADAs), or tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2As); the remaining 57 (20%) patients were negative for all three auto
Hailed by economists as an idea whose time has come, the `new economic geography' has not been quite as favourably received by geographers. Frequently seen as a prime case of academic imperialism, few appear willing to concede that economists may have something to contribute to economic geography. Conversely, beyond the token reference to vintage publications, economistsoften dismiss geographers'
In the present study the inflammatory response was quantitatively evaluated during peripheral nerve regeneration. The fluid from silicone nerve regeneration chambers, inserted in rats, was collected during the early period of regeneration of transected sciatic nerves (6 h-7 d) and analysed with respect to inflammatory cells and mediators (leukotriene B4, LTB4, and interleukin-1 alpha, IL-1 alpha).
The reassigned spectrogram can be used to improve the readability of a time-frequency representation of a non-stationary and multi-component signal. However for transient signals the reassignment needs to be adapted in order to achieve good localisation of the signal components. One approach is to scale the reassignment. This paper shows that by adapting the shape of the time window used with the
The emission of floral volatiles requires coordinated expression of biosynthetic genes. In the regulatory network of the volatile benzenoid/phenylpropanoid pathway in Petunia hybrida two master regulators of the pathway have been identified. The R2R3-MYB transcription factor EMISSION OF BENZENOIDS II (EOBII) utilizes a specific MYB binding site to activate the expression of the R2R3-MYB ODORANT1 (
The health and productivity of global land resources are declining, while demand for those resources is increasing. The aim of land degradation neutrality (LDN) is to maintain or enhance land-based natural capital and its associated ecosystem services. The Scientific Conceptual Framework for Land Degradation Neutrality has been developed to provide a scientific approach to planning, implementing a
Unsatisfactory indoor air quality (IAQ) can result from emissions of volatile organic compounds from the materials of the building. A surface emissions trap (cTrap) can be used to stop such emissions thus preventing them from reaching the indoor air. The present study concerned an apartment where the tenants experienced skin and mucous membrane irritation due to moisture-driven emissions from the
We examine a two-dimensional Coulomb gas consisting of n identical repelling point charges at an arbitrary inverse temperature β, subjected to a suitable external field. We prove that the gas is effectively localized to a small neighbourhood of the droplet – the support of the equilibrium measure determined by the external field. More precisely, we prove that the distance between the droplet and t
Most commercial prosthetic hands lack closed-loop feedback, thus, a lot of research has been focusing on implementing sensory feedback systems to provide the user with sensory information during activities of daily living. This study evaluates the possibilities of using a microphone and electrotactile feedback to identify different textures. A condenser microphone was used as a sensor to detect th
Safety, perceived and real, is essential for the attractiveness of urban environments (Avraham & Ketter, 2008, Coaffee & van Ham, 2008, Avraham, 2009). A high degree of perceived safety of a place plays a large role in attracting retail businesses, personnel, and customers. However, perceived safety is not an isolated issue, but related to many aspects, such as the planning of city space,
The bloom-forming freshwater alga Gonyostomum semen is associated with acidic, mesotrophic brown water lakes in boreal regions. However, researchers have been unable to conclusively link G. semen abundance and bloom formation to typical brown water lake traits, that is, high water color and DOC (dissolved organic carbon) concentrations. Iron is a main driver of water color in boreal lakes, and a r
The Nordic feminist perspectives in law have traditionally been relatively successful in advocating, and effectuating, a feminist perspective of justice both within law and the society. However, Nordic feminist perspectives of law have at least to some degree, at this stage been limited to questions of equality between men and women and to the production of justice within the boundaries of the nat
