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Background: Obesity is a risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC). Objective: The objective of this article is to investigate whether anthropometric measures reflecting visceral obesity are better predictors of CRC than body mass index (BMI). Methods: Data were analysed from the Malmö Diet and Cancer study in Sweden, comprising 16,669 women and 10,805 men (median age 56.6 and 59.1 years) followed f
The implementation of biorefineries based on lignocellulosic materials as an alternative to fossil-based refineries calls for efficient methods for fractionation and recovery of the products. The focus for the biorefinery concept for utilisation of biomass has shifted, from design of more or less energy-driven biorefineries, to much more versatile facilities where chemicals and energy carriers can
In this study, the effects of fin configurations and layouts on thermal and hydraulic performances of printed circuit heat exchangers (PCHEs) with supercritical liquefied natural gas as the working fluid are studied by a numerical method, and the overall heat transfer performance of various parameters is evaluated by the JF factor. Firstly, the effect of four different airfoil configurations, i.e.
Water related problems are characterized by complexities, uncertainties, and conflicting interests and there is no single “optimal” way to approach these “wicked” problems. Model-assisted participatory processes have been suggested as one way to meet these challenges. However, the use of models as ascenario tools for local planning of mitigation and adaptation strategies addressing environmental c
Purpose The recruitment of participants to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in palliative cancer care by health care professionals is often unsuccessful, which could result in failure to achieve study power. The purpose of this paper is to describe how health care professionals experienced recruiting patients and family caregivers to an RCT in palliative cancer care. Methods The study had a qua
We intended to perform optical and structural measurements on larval zebrafish eyes at 5 days post fertilization, that is, the earliest age at which zebrafish show visually guided behavior. However, excised larval crystalline lenses deteriorated quickly if immersed in a medium that gives good results with adult lenses from a variety of fish species. We suspected that the larvae have body fluids of
In this work, a three-dimensional, non-isothermal, steady-state model for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with phosphoric acid polybenzimidazole membrane has been developed using computational fluid dynamics. The importance of the gas flow field design on the transport characteristics and cell performance is revealed by solving the mass, momentum, species, energy, and charge c
We use randomness to exploit the potential sparsity of the Boolean matrix product in order to speed up the computation of the product. Our new fast output-sensitive algorithm for Boolean matrix product and its witnesses is randomized and provides the Boolean product and its witnesses almost certainly. Its worst-case time performance is expressed in terms of the input size and the number of non-zer
For local administration of drugs or enzyme inhibitors in the human gut, a small-bore, smooth tube was introduced through the nose, retrieved from the pharynx, equipped with a firm radio-opaque capsule, and swallowed. Peristalsis moves the capsule to the desired location in the gut where it is anchored before administration via the tube. Drug uptake is followed by plasma sampling. One capsule typ
This paper reports on research to estimate leaf area index (LAI) in Swedish forests with satellite sensor data. The study is part of a research programme that aims at generating input data for process-oriented forest carbon models. Field-work was carried out in two areas in Sweden about 530 km apart, in the nemoral and boreo-nemoral forest regions. Various ways of estimating LAI in the field were
Salivary gland carcinomas demonstrate a wide diversity of histopathological types and biological behavior. The aim of this study was to analyze relative survival of patients with major salivary gland carcinomas with special reference to histopathology, gender and age. All new carcinomas of the major salivary glands reported to the National Swedish Cancer Registry 1960-1995 were searched for and th
Risks include the factors that might adversely affect project outcomes. Risk analysis includes the processes concerned with identifying, analyzing and developing security strategy and plans for the factors. Although currently there are known methodologies such as (CCTA Risk Analysis and Management Method (CRAMM) or Consultative, Objective and Bi-functional Risk Analysis(COBRA) and so on) for Risk
We study a design framework for robust, independently verifiable, and workload-balanced distributed algorithms working on a common input. The framework builds on recent noninteractive Merlin--Arthur proofs of batch evaluation of Williams~[31st IEEE Colloquium on Computational Complexity (CCC'16, May 29-June 1, 2016, Tokyo), to appear] with the basic observation that Merlin's magic is not needed fo
Species diversity promotes the delivery of multiple ecosystem functions (multifunctionality). However, the relative functional importance of rare and common species in driving the biodiversity-multifunctionality relationship remains unknown. We studied the relationship between the diversity of rare and common species (according to their local abundances and across nine different trophic groups), a
Background: Sonographers' perceptions of ergonomic and work-related pain problems at work have so far mostly been researched in quantitative studies by questionnaires. There is a need of experience-based research to deepen the knowledge about how sonographers perceive ergonomic problems at work. Therefore, the aim of this qualitative study was to describe sonographers' perceptions of ergonomic pro
