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The increased prevalence of obesity is causing challenges on individual and socioeconomic levels. Neuronal subtypes of the hypothalamus control appetite regulation through the secretion of peptide hormones and neurotransmitters. Our limited knowledge of early molecular patterning of the human hypothalamus sets a challenge to design human in vitro models for cellular studies and drug screening. In
Anthropogenic climate change has caused temperature increases all across the globe. Mountainous areas are among the most affected and are experiencing alarming rates of warming. Such rapid warming will have effects on alpine vegetation and their distribution throughout the alps. While there are many studies that have investigated shifting vegetation distribution around the world, none have found c
Competition policy is important for the promotion of fair competition, preventing abuse of market power and protecting consumer and business interests. It is thus an area that builds and moulds itself according to the fabric or structure of society and eventually evolves by habitually adjusting to the dynamics of government economies. Despite the different economic dynamics between the European Un
Early detection of breast cancer is important to reduce morbidity and mortality. Access to breast imaging is limited in low- and middle-income countries compared to high-income countries. This contributes to advance-stage breast cancer presentation with poor survival. Pocket-sized portable ultrasound device, also known as point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS), aided by decision support using deep learn
Power dissipation has been the major challenge in the downscaling of transistor technology. Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) have struggled to keep a low power consumption while still maintaining a high performance due to the low carrier mobilities of Si but also due to their inherent minimum inverse subthreshold slope (S ≥ 60 mV/dec) which is limited by thermionic emis
Critical scholarship on the intersection of development pathways and climate change responses highlights the roles of power, agency, social difference, intersecting inequalities, and social justice in shaping people's resilience in a rapidly transforming world. Yet, how to precisely increase the spaces in which people experiencing marginalisation can address power asymmetries and strengthen their
Polybenzimidazole (PBI) is currently considered as a membrane material for alkaline water electrolyzers (AWEs), and has to be fed with highly concentrated aqueous KOH electrolytes in order to ensure sufficient electrolyte uptake and conductivity. However, the harsh operating conditions significantly limit the lifetime of PBI membranes. In response, we here report on the synthesis and performance o
As found in the health studies literature, the levels of climate association between epidemiological diseases have been found to vary across regions. Therefore, it seems reasonable to allow for the possibility that relationships might vary spatially within regions. We implemented the geographically weighted random forest (GWRF) machine learning method to analyze ecological disease patterns caused
Background: Baleen whales are a clade of gigantic and highly specialized marine mammals. Their genomes have been used to investigate their complex evolutionary history and to decipher the molecular mechanisms that allowed them to reach these dimensions. However, many unanswered questions remain, especially about the early radiation of rorquals and how cancer resistance interplays with their huge n
The SM2RAIN (soil moisture to rain) model has been widely used for rainfall estimation worldwide. However, due to the lack of sufficient ground observation, the SM2RAIN model driven by different passive microwave soil moisture products over the Tibetan Plateau has not been fully validated. In this article, four widely used satellite microwave soil moisture products (including SMAP, ASCAT, SMOS, an
Therapeutic apheresis (TA) as a treatment for antibody-associated vasculitis (AAV) was questioned by the PEXIVAS although the MEPEX study favored TA. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of TA to improve renal function in patients consecutively included in the WAA-apheresis registry versus patients not treated with TA. Materials and methods: Included were 192 patients that suffered f
Taxes and subsidies on foods and nutrients have the potential to promote healthier diets and thereby reduce mortality. In this study, we examine the effects of such policy instruments on Swedish public health. Specifically, we estimate the effects of food and nutrient taxes and subsidies on mortality averted and postponed in Sweden, using both demand system estimations and simulation models. We ev
Background: Increased pulmonary blood volume (PBV) is a measure of congestion and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular events. PBV can be quantified using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging as the product of cardiac output and pulmonary transit time (PTT), the latter measured from the contrast time-intensity curves in the right and left side of the heart from first-p
Background: Among sarcomas, which are rare cancers, many types are exceedingly rare; however, a definition of ultra-rare cancers has not been established. The problem of ultra-rare sarcomas is particularly relevant because they represent unique diseases, and their rarity poses major challenges for diagnosis, understanding disease biology, generating clinical evidence to support new drug developmen
The roughly 600 km long Central Cordillera of Colombia shows a varied tectonic, magmatic, and exhumation history, despite the reasonably homogenous appearance concerning topography, outcropping lithologies, and strike. Here we show with new geo-thermochronological data the thermal evolution of the southern Central Cordillera since the Early Jurassic. Extensive Jurassic magmatism is recorded by U–P
Increasing exports of Fe and DOC from soils, causing browning of freshwaters, have been reported in recent decades in many regions of the northern hemisphere. Afforestation, and in particular an increase of Norway spruce forest in certain regions, is suggested as a driver behind these trends in water chemistry. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that the gradual accumulation of organic soil l
The aim of the present study was to extend the creatinine-based Lund-Malmö GFR equation for use with rescaled cystatin C (r-LMRCys) and validate it against measured GFR (mGFR) in the EKFC cystatin C cohort of children (n = 2,293) and adults (n = 7,727). Rescaling was obtained by dividing each biomarker by a Q-value, representing the population-specific median biomarker level among healthy individu
Age-Friendly Cities and Communities (AFCC) is a key global WHO initiative aimed at fostering environments that promote healthy aging for everyone. As AFCC initiatives continue to expand, there is an increasing need to enhance monitoring and evaluation systems to effectively assess their progress and impact. However, significant knowledge gaps persist, particularly in the development of evaluation
