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Rostfritt duplexstål är ett konstruktionsmaterial som skulle kunna tänkas vara konkurrenskraftigt i förhållande till konventionella material inom brobyggnad med tanke på dess höga hållfasthet, marginella underhållsbehov och möjlighet till återvinning. Hittills har det dock inte använts i någon större utsträckning inom brobyggnad framför allt på grund av dess högre kostnad i förhållande till traditDuplex stainless steel is a construction material that could possibly prove competitive in relation to conventional materials in bridge design, given its high strength, marginal maintenance needs and the possibility of recycling. To date, however, it has not been used to any great extent in bridge constructions, mainly because of its higher cost in relation to traditional carbon steel. In this stu

Pupils have gotten school meals in Sweden since the late 1800´s. The school meal has of course changed over the years. In the beginning the pupils only got porridge and milk. Since then they serve both meat-, fish- and chicken dishes. In recent years, many schools around the country are more concerned about the environment and therefore started to serve more plant-based diets and less red meat. Re

Sveriges regering satte 2011 upp mål om att bli bäst på att utnyttja digitaliseringens möjligheter. Digitaliseringen av bygglovsprocessen har trots det gått långsamt. Bygglovsprocessen idag (2018) är en långsam, dyr och ineffektiv process. Möjligheten att söka bygglov med e-legitimation finns endast hos 30 procent av kommunerna och 60 procent har någon slags e-tjänst ansökan. Ansökningarna innebär

Assisterad befruktning utanför kroppen är en behandlingsmetod som samhället kan erbjuda ofrivilligt barnlösa par. Behandlingen sker antingen genom provrörsbefruktning (IVF) eller genom spermieinjektion (ICSI). Frågor kring fastställande och hävande av faderskap vid assisterad befruktning regleras av föräldrabalken. Enligt huvudregeln i 1 kap. 8 § FB ska en kvinnas make eller sambo som har samtycktAssisted reproductive technology for treatment of infertility, is a treatment that society can provide for couples, who suffer from involuntary childlessness. The treatment is performed either by in virto fertilization (IVF) or by sperm injection (ICSI). The Children and Parents Code regulates the establishment and annulation of paternity due to assisted reproductive treatment. According to the ma

This thesis addresses the impact of glaucoma on the patients’ vision from both a measurement based and a functionally based perspective. The risk of visual disability is probably the most important question for a newly diagnosed glaucoma patient and maintaining vision-related quality of life (VRQOL) has become the ultimate goal of glaucoma treatment. The objectives of the present thesis were to de

Recommendations stated in the TASC II guidelines for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) regard a heterogeneous group of patients ranging from claudicants to critical limb ischaemia (CLI) patients. However, specific considerations apply to CLI patients. An important problem regarding the majority of currently available literature that reports on revascularisation strategies for PAD

This thesis adds to the knowledge base of how the Individual Placement and Support (IPS) can be optimized to secure a more sustainable working career for people with severe mental illness (SMI). The thesis has given the IPS-participants an active voice about what it is like to start to work in a Swedish context, visualised the psychiatric disability in relation to work, discerned the support and p

This thesis consists of three essays on VIX futures and options, and deals with issues highly relevant to all financial markets, such as understanding the operation of markets and developing flexible and tractable pricing models for contracts traded in them. It consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 provides a short introduction to the VIX and a brief explanation of how the old and new VIX are cons

The rationale for thrombolysis, the most promising pharmacological approach in acute ischaemic stroke, is centred on the principal cause of most ischaemic strokes: the thrombus that occludes the cerebral artery, and renders part of the brain ischaemic. The occluding thrombus is bound together within fibrin. Fibrinolysis acts by activation of plasminogen to plasmin; plasmin splits fibrinogen and fi

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kroniska ländryggsbesvär är en ekonomisk belastning för sjukvården och samhället i stort, och ger framför allt ett personligt lidande för den drabbade. Nästan alla (75-80 %) kommer att ha åtminstone en episod med ryggbesvär någon gång under sin livstid. Hälften av dessa kommer att ha utstrålande bensmärtor och ofta är besvären ett symtom på ischias (nervrotspåverkan). MRadicular pain is in the majority of cases caused by a disc herniation with a coexisting inflammation. It is characterized by positive neural tension tests, such as the Slump test, and by decreased range of motion (ROM) in the straight leg raising test (SLR) and lumbar flexion (Fingertip-to-floor test[FTF]). This may suggest that improvement in ROM correlates to reduction of self-reported disabili

Background: The goal of clinical computed tomography (CT) is to produce images of diagnostic quality using the lowest possible radiation exposure. Degradation of image quality, with increased image noise and reduced spatial resolution, is a major limitation for radiation dose reduction in CT. This can be counteracted with new post-processing image filters and iterative reconstruction (IR) algorith

Popular Abstract in Swedish Stroke är en sjukdom som främst drabbar äldre och är den största anledningen till att människor får olika slags handikapp såsom förlamning och afasi. Det finns ännu ingen effektiv behandling för att lindra symtom och lidande efter en stroke, förutom rehabilitering, och därför kostar stroke samhället enormt mycket pengar. Befolkningen blir allt äldre, vilket även medför Cell replacement by neural transplantation can, in animal models of neurodegenerative diseases, reconstruct damaged brain circuitry. In the clinical situation, the graft material used for cell therapy must, most likely, be of human origin. The human fetal brain is one potential source of neural stem cells (NSCs) for cell replacement therapy in neurodegenerative disorders such as stroke. Stroke is

Popular Abstract in English At the beginning of 20th century, scientists started to realize that atoms exhibited the discrete behaviour, e.g. the energies of bond electrons were not continuously distributed, but had discrete values. Light is also transmitted as discrete packages (called photons). These phenomena can not be explained by classical physics, which has been accepted as the law of descrThe work presented in this thesis was concerned with investigating the relevant spectroscopic properties of Ce ions randomly doped in an Y2SiO5 crystal at low temperatures (around 4 K), in order to develop a technique and an experimental set-up to detect the fluorescence photons emitted by a single Ce ion. The aim of the work was to determine whether a single Ce ion (referred to as the readout ion

Abstract COPD is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality throughout the world. It is a preventable and treatable disease. Smoking is the most commonly encountered risk factor for COPD and the habit now unfortunately starts at earlier ages than before. There is a strong necessity to diagnose COPD in early stages before symptoms present themselves. MRI with hyperpolarized 3He using diffusio

Background: The production of bioethanol from lignocellulose hydrolysates requires a robust, D-xylose-fermenting and inhibitor-tolerant microorganism as catalyst. The purpose of the present work was to develop such a strain from a prime industrial yeast strain, Ethanol Red, used for bioethanol production. Results: An expression cassette containing 13 genes including Clostridium phytofermentans Xyl

Background: Unambiguous interpretation of ordered rating scale response categories requires distinct meanings of category labels. Also, summation of item responses into total scores assumes equal intervals between categories. While studies have identified problems with rating scale response category functioning there is a paucity of empirical studies regarding how respondents interpret response ca

Aims. Until recently, most high-resolution spectroscopic studies of the Galactic thin and thick discs were mostly confined to objects in the solar vicinity. Here we aim at enlarging the volume in which individual chemical abundances are used to characterise the thin and thick discs, using the first internal data release of the Gaia-ESO survey (GES iDR1). Methods. We used the spectra of around 2000