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Importance: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) can cause severe visual disability even in high-resource settings. A better understanding of the prevalence and processes leading to ROP-induced severe visual impairment may help health care professionals design preventive measures.Objectives: To determine the prevalence of severe visual disability among children born preterm in Sweden, evaluate adheren

There is a need for ground-breaking technologies to boost crop yield, both grains and biomass, and their processing into economically competitive materials. Novel cereals with enhanced photosynthesis and assimilation of greenhouse gasses, such as carbon dioxide and ozone, and tailored straw suitable for industrial manufacturing, open a new perspective for the circular economy. Here we describe the

During the past decade, scholars have produced a vast amount of research using linked historical individual-level data, shaping and changing our understanding of the past. This linked data revolution has been powered by methodological and computational advances, partly focused on supervised machine-learning methods that rely on training data. The importance of obtaining high-quality training data

The number of individuals suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders (NPDs) has increased worldwide, with 3 million disability-adjusted life-years calculated in 2019. Though research using various approaches including genetics, imaging, clinical and animal models has advanced our knowledge regarding NPDs, we still lack basic knowledge regarding the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Moreover

The Gala payload ensures maximum passive stability using a single material, SiC, for most of its elements. Dedicated metrology instruments are, however, required to carry out two functions: monitoring the basic angle and refocusing the telescope. Two interferometers fed by the same laser are used to measure the basic angle changes at the level of pas (prad, micropixel), which is the highest level

The last decades have seen a renewed interest in the study of argumentation in archaeology, particularly in response to the overproduction of weak and unreliable interpretations and explanations. Concurrently, recent appeals for scientific transparency and efficiency in the management of archaeological information in digital form have stressed the necessity of explicitly showing the processes foll

Why is theorizing important? What does it do? This note reflects on the broad question of what we do when we theorize, taking its starting point from the Greek notion of theoria. The argument is that theorizing as an uncertain journey, i.e. as a form of travelling along a path towards the unknown or unfamiliar, has unjustly fallen into disrepute. The notion of ‘theory’ is today primarily associate

According to results of a recent literature search performed by the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology (EADV) Task Forces (TF) on Quality of Life and Patient Oriented Outcomes (QoL and PO) and Acne, Rosacea and Hidradenitis Suppurativa (ARHS), most of the publications where health-related (HR) QoL of acne patients was studied were clinical trials. Members of the EADV TF on QoL and PO

Coalescence during emulsification has a significant effect on the outcome of the process, especially for the high volume fractions of disperse phase common in food and pharmaceutical processing. Controlling emulsification requires that the extent of coalescence during different conditions can be quantified. The step-down technique is the most commonly used method for measuring coalescence frequenc

Both empirical and theoretical studies show that an individual's spatial position within a group can impact the risk of being targeted by predators. Spatial positions can be quantified in numerous ways, but there are no direct comparisons of different spatial measures in predicting the risk of being targeted by real predators. Here, we assess these spatial measures in groups of stationary and movi

Ecotourism is the concept of traveling responsibly to natural areas where the environment and the well-being of the local people are sustained, where the economic profit is reinvested in the area and where knowledge is communicated to decrease visitor impact and maintain the local environment. Ecotourism is the fastest growing segment of the global tourism industry and therefore it is important to

I mogna industrier prioriteras ofta verkningsgrad och processen snarare än själva produkten. Detta innebär att dessa industrier anpassar sig långsamt när de externa förhållandena skiftar. Exempel på sådan industri är Sveriges köttindustri. Denna präglas av stor klimatpåverkan, även stora mängder matsvinn. Nya teknologier undersökes i nuläget för att skärpa detta svinn; exempel på sådan teknologi äThe competitive landscape mature industries find themselves in tends to make them enforce practices that ruthlessly focus on efficiency and process. This narrow focus makes them slow to adapt to changes in the external environment in which they operate. One such case is the Swedish meat industry. Like many industries, there are downsides involved with meat production and for meat a significant one

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly embedded in organisational operations, it introduces not only efficiency but also unique information security challenges. Traditional security practices cover common threats, however, the lack of transparency in AI output and the possibility of novel attacks such as data poisoning and phishing attacks show that these systems are poorly equipped