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Under de två senaste decennierna har vattenfärgen ökat dramatiskt i södra Sverige. Vattenfärgen bestäms främst av koncentrationen av humuspartiklar. Humus påverkar råvattenkvalitén och kostnaden för att producera dricksvatten har ökat markant p.g.a. de ökande humushalterna. Det är därför av stort intresse för samhället att kartlägga vad som kommer hända med DOC koncentrationerna i framtiden och peDuring the last two decades the watercolour have increased dramatically in southern Sweden. The watercolour is manly determined by the DOC (Dissolved Organic Carbon) concentration. DOC affects the raw water quality, and because of the increasing trends, the cost for producing drinking water of high quality has risen considerably. It is therefore of great interest for society to understand what wil

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling analyseras ett samverkansprojekt i den så kallade ungdomsvården i Sverige. Projektet hade som mål att förbättra samordningen mellan socialtjänsten och Statens institutionsstyrelse för att kunna effektivisera insatserna för samhällsomhändertagna ungdomar och deras familjer. I projektet var också ett antal samordnare anställda. Det övergripande syftet

A modified ELISA assay for measurement of the two estrogen metabolites 2-hydroxyestrone (2OHE1) and 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha OHE1) in plasma and serum has been developed. Previously, these have only been measured in urine. It is not known how well the measurements of these metabolites in urine and plasma are correlated. The goal of this study was to compare urinary and plasma levels of 2O

During the Quaternary period, ice sheets centred over the Barents and Kara seas expanded several times onto mainland Russia and blocked northflowing rivers, such as the Yenissei, Ob, Pechora and Mezen. Large ice-dammed lakes with reversed outlets, e.g. toward the Caspian Sea, formed south of these ice sheets. Some lakes are reconstructed from shorelines and lacustrine sediments, others mainly from

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska Abort är ett av de vanligaste kriurgiska ingreppen i Sverige. 1989 var aborttalet för hela landet 21.5 per 1000 kvinnor i åldern 15-24 år. Storstäderna Stockholm, Göteborg och Malmö har i många år haft det högsta aborttalen, vilka var för dessa 1989 28.4, 27.0 respektive 27.8. De aktuella studierna omfattar de 1466 kvinnorIn Sweden between 32-38,000 women annually elect to terminate pregnancy by means of induced abortion, though their reasons are still not well understood. The purpose of these studies, carried out at the Department of Obstetrics and gynecology and of Community Medicine at University Hospital, Malmö, was to elucidate the incidence of induced abortion in an urban population, with special emphasis on

Popular Abstract in Swedish I Sverige bryter drygt 30 000 föräldrapar årligen upp från sin relation. Tillsammans har dessa föräldrar cirka 55 000 barn. I samband med föräldrarnas separation skall frågor om de gemensamma barnens vårdnad, boende och umgänge lösas. De flesta föräldrar klarar detta på egen hand eller med stöd av samarbetssamtal eller familjerådgivning, men ungefär 10% av de separerandThe purpose of this socio-legal dissertation is to examine the role of the district court in the handling of custody disputes, from the standpoint of the child's best interest. More specifically, the focus is partly on the relationship between the family and society during district court proceedings, and partly on the relationship between civil law and public law procedure that is to say between t

Spatial and temporal changes in South African solar UV-B (280-315 nm) exposure were modeled and mapped at 2.5 km2 resolution using ozone, relative humidity, cloud amount and elevation data. Computations indicated large natural gradients in UV-B exposure ranging from a 34.2% change over 14o of latitude to a 44.2% change over 16o of longitude. Modelling of future scenarios in annual UV-B exposure in

Background: A recent publication on efficacy of Sprifermin for knee osteoarthritis (OA) using quantitatively MRI-defined central medial tibio-femoral compartment cartilage thickness as the structural primary endpoint reported no statistically significant dose response. However, Sprifermin was associated with statistically significant, dose-dependent reductions in loss of total and lateral tibio-fe

To accelerate sustainable development and mitigate climate change, an increasing amount of finance is being mobilized for the deployment of renewable energy (RE) in developing countries from bilateral and multilateral donors and climate funds. Even though this trend is present in Mongolia, there is still a lack of knowledge about how effective these efforts have been for renewable energy developme

Norge drabbas årligen av hundratals jordskred vilket leder till betydande ekonomisk skada och fara för liv. Därför bedriver norska myndigheter och forskningsinstitutioner omfattande forskning om jordskred och vidtar åtgärder för att övervaka, modellera och slutligen mildra konsekvenserna av och förebygga dessa. Som en del av sitt arbete underhåller norska vattenresurs- och energimyndigheten en natNorway experiences hundreds of landslides annually which leads to significant economic losses and poses a threat to human life. Therefore, Norwegian authorities and scientific institutions are conducting extensive research and take measures in the fields of documenting, modelling and ultimately mitigating and preventing landslides. As part of its work, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Dire

Background: The individual contribution of genes in the HLA region to the risk of developing type 1 diabetes (T1D) is confounded by the high linkage disequilibrium (LD) in this region. Using a novel approach we have combined genetic association data with information on functional protein-protein interactions to elucidate risk independent of LD and to place the genetic association into a functional

This study presents a systematic overview and mapping of potential metrics for evaluating the impact of forest management on biodiversity in Swedish forestry. The primary approach involves quantitative Life Cycle Impact Assessments (LCIA) as part of Life Cycle Assessments (LCA). Given the increasing need to integrate the impact on biodiversity into complex value chains, the absence of a standardis

Disease susceptibility mapping can produce risk maps showing predictive distribution of disease incidences. Hence, it is a useful tool for disease prevention. Data-driven approaches for disease susceptibility mapping model relationships and patterns from experience data. Therefore, using data-driven methods can facilitate a simple and direct approach towards disease susceptibility mapping. In th

Surface water is vital resources for terrestrial life, while the rapid development of urbanization results in diverse changes in sizes, amounts, and quality of surface water. To accurately extract surface water from remote sensing imagery is very important for water environment conservations and water resource management. In this study, a new Multi-Band Water Index (MBWI) for Landsat 8 Operational

The human population and its food consumption continues to grow and the environmental impact of meeting future food demands depends on how we expand the food supply. Already, agricultural intensification has led to biodiversity declines, which in turn can have direct and indirect effects on agricultural production. For future sustainable production there is a need to support ecosystems and their a

Background: There is limited knowledge concerning fall-related activity avoidance in people with Parkinson's disease (PD); such knowledge would be of importance for the development of more efficient PD-care and rehabilitation. This study aimed to examine how fall-related activity avoidance relates to a history of self-reported falls/near falls and fear of falling (FOF) as well as to disease severi

The Late Ordovician mass extinction (LOME) coincided with dramatic climate changes, but there are numerous ways in which these changes could have driven marine extinctions. We use a palaeobiogeographic database of rhynchonelliform brachiopods to examine the selectivity of Late Ordovician-Early Silurian genus extinctions and evaluate which extinction drivers are best supported by the data. The firs

Diffusion tensor imaging provides increased sensitivity to microstructural tissue changes compared to conventional anatomical imaging but also presents limited specificity. To tackle this problem, the DIAMOND model subdivides the voxel content into diffusion compartments and draws from diffusion-weighted data to estimate compartmental non-central matrix-variate Gamma distributions of diffusion ten

Vägen till en ätstörning, som exempelvis anorexia nervosa eller hetsätningsstörning leder alltid förbi ett gränsland där energiintaget stegvis förändras. Kanske stoppar man i sig aningen mindre mat på måndagen än man gjorde på söndagen och på tisdagen lite mindre än på måndagen. Eller kanske man frivilligt stoppar fingrarna i halsen någon gång när man känner att man har ätit för mycket. Detta gränThe path to an eating disorder (ED) always leads through a borderland, which, in this thesis, is referred to as disordered eating (DE) (Neumark-Sztainer, Wall, Eisenberg, Story, & Hannan, 2006; Waaddegaard, Thoning, & Petersson, 2003). In this borderland, people tend to make unhealthy eating choices, such as greatly reducing their food intake, self-inducing vomiting, or engaging in binge e

Parallel-elastic joints can improve the efficiency and strength of robots by assisting the actuators with additional torques. For these benefits to be realized, a spring needs to be carefully designed. However, designing robots is an iterative and tedious process, often relying on intuition and heuristics. We introduce a design optimization framework that allows us to co-optimize a parallel elasti