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The chapter on Swedish employers' associations contains a calculation on collective bargaining coverage in 1995. Despite the absence of state extension mechanisms collective agreements in 1995 covered as much as 90 per cent of all private sector employees (p. 211). Including the public sector the rate was 94 per cent. The same year the density of employers' organisations was 77 per cent, i.e. 77 p
Software Configuration Management (SCM) is an essential part of any software project and its importance is even greater on Agile projects because of the frequency of changes. In this chapter, we argue that SCM needs to be done differently and also cover more aspects on Agile projects. We also explain how SCM processes and tools contribute both directly and indirectly to quality assurance. We give
Clock nets are the major source of power consumption in large, high-performance ASICs and a design bottleneck when it comes to tolerable clock skew. A way to obviate the global clock net is to partition the design into large synchronous blocks each having its own clock. Data with other blocks is exchanged asynchronously using handshake signals. Adopting such a strategy requires a methodology that
Female sperm storage can influence male reproductive success and may favour males that produce sperm that remain viable across several ovarian cycles. Here we show that sperm are viable in the female reproductive tract across ovarian cycles in the mallee dragon, Ctenophorus fordi. Based on experimental mating trials, we show that stored sperm were generally less likely to fertilize eggs than recen
The purpose of this paper is to empirically explore two dimensions of the firm hierarchy of international market-specific linkages using data for Swedish manufacturing firms over the 1997 to 2007 period. First, we investigate the productivity ordering with respect to importing, exporting and investing abroad. Second, we investigate the productivity ordering with respect to linkage complexity (i.e.
This article describes a PIXE system designed and constructed for routine longitudinal scanning of single hair strands. In constructing a PIXE system for trace elemental scans of single hair strands on a routine basis, a fairly intense beam has to be used but the heating damage must be kept to a minimum. The experimental conditions (charge integration, beam homogeneity etc.) have to be carefully c
This paper presents a collection of experiences related to success factors in graduate and postgraduate education. The experiences are mainly concerned with how to make the education relevant from an industrial viewpoint. This is emphasized as a key issue in software engineering education and research, as the main objective is to give the students a good basis for large-scale software development
The aim of this article is to illustrate the central position of Swedish as a schoolsubject with reference to questions of democracy, participation, and commonvalues. I argue that an expanded concept of language and text, which also comprises the aesthetic subjects, can change and broaden the subject of Swe-dish. In a historic perspective there has been a struggle between different ways of underst
The basidiomycete Paxillus involutus is forming ectomycorrhizal symbiosis with a broad range of forest trees. Reassociation kinetics on P. involutus nuclear DNA indicated a haploid genome size of 23Mb including 11% of repetitive DNA. A similar genome size (20Mb) was estimated by genomic reconstruction analysis using three single copy genes. To assess the gene density in the P. involutus genome, a
[1] Vigorous debate still surrounds the cloud electrification process and unexplained regional variations in lightning activity. Here, we show that climatological maxima in lightning activity are associated with small effective diameter D-e of ice crystals near cumulonimbus cloud tops. This relationship, unlike lightning's more well-known relationship with cloud top height, is consistent over land
Cytogenetic aberrations have been reported in 45,000 human neoplasms. Structural balanced rearrangements are associated with distinct tumor subtypes with remarkable specificity and have been essential for identifying genes involved in tumorigenesis. All balanced rearrangements that have been characterized molecularly act by deregulating a gene in one of the breakpoints or by creating a fusion gene
The generation of harmonics through a nonlinear mechanism driven by bunching at the fundamental has sparked interest as a path toward enhancing and extending the usefulness of an X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) facility. The sensitivity of the nonlinear harmonic generation to undulator imperfections, electron beam energy spread, peak current, and emittance is important in an evaluation of the proc
TINA is an open, object oriented, distributed telecom architecture, with many concepts taken directly from the latest computer research. In TINA, instances of the same object type can be placed on different physical nodes. Therefore, the network performance can be improved by introducing load balancing algorithms. These algorithms should distribute the traffic between the object instances in such
Labor market policies have been re-configured during the ´activation turn' in labor market policy-making in the 1990s. This included restricting behavioral requirements for job seekers and benefit claimants, but also improving services (e.g. better placement services). In a nutshell, the `rights and responsibilities' of jobseekers and labor market participants were re-balanced. To date, there is o
