Filetype
Aims: To analyse days absent from work related to individual microvascular, macrovascular and other complications of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to identify key drivers of absence. Materials and methods: National health and socio-economic individual-level data were analysed for the years 1997 to 2016 for people with T2D, and age-, sex- and residential region-matched controls (5:1) using linkage to S
The identification of important components with the potential for the most disruption is vital in network planning and analysis. Critical infrastructure systems are vulnerable to a variety of failures, whether natural (e.g., space weather, earthquakes) or intentional (e.g., malevolent acts). These systems are increasingly interconnected, which increases the risk of the propagation of disruptions.
Assessments of long-term changes of air quality and global radiative forcing at a large scale heavily rely on satellite aerosol optical depth (AOD) datasets, particularly their temporal binning products. Although some attempts focusing on the validation of long-term satellite AOD have been conducted, there is still a lack of comprehensive quantification and understanding of the representativeness
Plant tissues often lack essential nutritive elements and may contain a range of secondary toxic compounds. As nutritional imbalance in food intake may affect the performances of herbivores, the latter have evolved a variety of physiological mechanisms to cope with the challenges of digesting their plant-based diet. Some of these strategies involve living in association with symbiotic microbes tha
Background: Streptococcus pyogenes is a well-known cause of postpartum infections and is causing significant morbidity and mortality. Aim: To describe measures taken to control an outbreak of postpartum infections caused by S. pyogenes emm75 on a maternity ward. Methods: Patients presenting postpartum with signs and symptoms of infection were cultured for β-haemolytic streptococci with cervical sw
The method of using short laser and X-ray pulses to investigate dynamics in materials (pump-probe) has been used for several decades. This thesis presents work that was carried out using these sources of light to reveal acoustic, thermal and non-thermal dynamics. The dynamics were induced in the samples by depositing energy with a pulsed laser, and probed with X-ray diffraction. The recent increas
Background: Managing acute abdominal pain in the large and growing population of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB)–operated patients poses a challenge to general surgeons, because of diagnostic limitations and the risk of internal herniation. Objective: To investigate the diagnoses, management, and outcome of RYGB patients admitted for acute abdominal pain. Setting: University Hospital, Sweden. Meth
A method to determine the influencing parameters of a structural and damage detection system is proposed based on the value of information analysis. The value of information analysis utilizes the Bayesian pre-posterior decision theory to quantify the value of damage detection system for the structural integrity management during service life. First, the influencing parameters of the structural sys
Background Post-operative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) after non-cardiac surgery is a well known problem in some categories of patients. This study aims to evaluate the influence of auditory evoked potential (AEP)-guided anaesthesia on the requirement for anaesthetic drugs and their influence on POCD. Methods Four hundred and fifty patients aged between 18 and 92 years scheduled for ophthalmic sur
Objective: In this report, we determine the cumulative incidence of symptomatic cardiac ischaemia and its risk factors among European 5-year childhood cancer survivors (CCS) participating in the PanCareSurFup study. Methods: Eight data providers (France, Hungary, Italy (two cohorts), the Netherlands, Slovenia, Switzerland and the UK) participating in PanCareSurFup ascertained and validated symptom
Avhandlingsarbetet studerar hur turbulent flödesstruktur sammverkar med förbränning av högoktaniga bränslen i partiellt förblandade förhållanden genom numeriska tredimensionella flödessimuleringar. Förbränningsmoder och antändningsprocesser studeras för två olika typfall där ett flertal metoder testas med ändamålet att korrekt återge hur icke upplöst rörelsemängd växelverkar med de kemiska processThis work treats the modelling of PPC engine combustion through 3D computational fluid dynamics. In order to develop a cost-effective CFD model for the design and performance analysis of PPC engines it is important to first understand the multiple modes of combustion in PPC engines, e.g., the onset of the first ignition kernels, the propagation of the ignition/flame fronts, and the effect of charg
Partially premixed combustion (PPC) is one of several advanced combustion concepts for the conventional diesel engine. PPC uses a separation between end of fuel injection and start of combustion, also called ignition dwell, to increase the mixing of fuel and oxidizer. This has been shown to be beneficial for simultaneously reducing harmful emissions and fuel consumption. The ignition dwell can be
Purpose: Comorbidity in stroke is common, but comprehensive reports are sparse. We describe prevalence of comorbidity and the prognostic impact on mortality and functional outcome in a large national ischemic stroke cohort. Methods: We used outcome data from a long-term follow-up survey conducted in 2016 by the Swedish Stroke Register (Riksstroke). Those included in the study were 11 775 pre-strok
Molecular changes occurring during invasion and clinical progression of cancer are difficult to study longitudinally in patient-derived material. A unique feature of urothelial bladder cancer (UBC) is that patients frequently develop multiple nonmuscle invasive tumors, some of which may eventually progress to invade the muscle of the bladder wall. Here, we use a cohort of 73 patients that experien
Background: Prophylaxis with factor VIII (FVIII) should be individualized based on patient characteristics, including FVIII pharmacokinetics. Population pharmacokinetic (popPK) modeling simplifies pharmacokinetic studies by obviating the need for multiple samples. Objective: The objective of this study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and inter-individual variability (IIV) of BAY 94-9027 i
