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The subject of this thesis is theoretical examination of freezing phenomena inside fire sprinkler systems during activation at low temperatures in the surroundings. Many sprinkler systems are installed in environments such that they must be operable at subfreezing temperature conditions. During activation of such a system, water is assumed to penetrate a significant distance and without interrupti
This Master’s Thesis, under the Division of Machine Design at Lund Institute of Technology, was conducted at Presona AB located in Tomelilla, Sweden during the first half of 2006. Presona AB is a leading manufacturer of equipment for handling and compression of waste. The object of the thesis is to reduce the manufacturing cost of Presona’s heavy duty stationary compactor. This is acquired by rede
It has been acknowledged that the traditional didactic lecture does not always provide the ideal learning and teaching experience (Bligh, 1998). Over the last ten years, individuals and institutions have been exploring the pedagogical possibilities of providing more active and engaging alternatives. One model in particular has been influential in sparking change. The use of Active Learning Spaces
The subject of this dissertation is the regulation of banks. The enquiry is built around three overreaching research questions:1. What is a bank?2. Why do banks have to be regulated?3. How should banks be regulated? Each of these three questions is dedicated a separate and comprehensive section, each consisting of several chapters. Even though the subject is jurisprudence, the perspective of the
Desalting technologies and fresh water production has been developed over the years, including primarily thermal and membrane processes. Five different types of desalination technology were studied and compared for long-term of use namely, thermal processes include multistage flash evaporation (MSF), multiple effect evaporation (ME), and vapor compression (VC) and membrane processes contain revers
Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av den förutspådda energi krisen som föranleds av att oljan tar slut, är det viktigt att söka efter alternativa energikällor. Att utnyttja solljuset via en artificiell fotosyntes är en intressant möjlighet. Det långsiktiga målet för forskning på detta område är att bygga molekylära och/eller fasta material som kan använda solljus för att dela vatten i dess bestDue to the predicted energy crisis when fossil fuels will be exhausted it is important to search for alternative energy sources. Utilizing sunlight via artificial photosynthesis is an interesting possibility. The long-term goal for research in this area is to design and build molecular and/or solid state systems that can use sunlight to split water and produce fuel (e.g. hydrogen). Nature tells us
Under 1680-talet trädde Sophia Elisabet Brenner fram som poet och blev snart känd och uppskattad för sina dikter vid olika tillfällen i livet. Tillfällesdiktningen var en flexibel genre som gav henne möjligheten att resonera om tidens aktuella frågor, till exempel kvinnans ställning i äktenskap och samhälle eller värderingen av det som var gammalt och fornt och det som var nytt. Hennes rykte spred
Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna undersökning inventerar beståndet av beteckningar för EGENDOM I ALLMÄNHET och för MOBIL och IMMOBIL EGENDOM i de regionala medeltida nordiska lagarna (dvs. de danska och svenska landskapslagarna, de norska lagtingslagarna samt den isländska Grágás). Materialet analyseras språkgeografiskt med avsikten att skapa en relativ termkronologi. En grovanalys visar attféThis study investigates the stock of words for PROPERTY IN GENERAL with the subcategories MOVABLE and IMMOVABLE PROPERTY in the regional medieval Scandinavian laws and makes a linguistic-geographical analysis of these words with the aim of establishing a relative term chronology. A crude analysis shows that fé/fæ for PROPERTY IN GENERAL and land for IMMOVABLE PROPERTY were the oldest
Popular Abstract in Swedish Bakgrund Streptococcus pyogenes, eller grupp A streptokocker, är en av de vanligaste sjukdomsframkallande bakterierna hos människan. De orsakar ofta relativt harmlösa och lättbehandlade ytliga infektioner i hals (halsfluss) och hud (svinkoppor) men kan också ge djupare och livshotande infektioner. Dessutom förekommer följdsjukdomar efter infektioner med grupp A streptoPathogenic bacteria often produce potent proteases capable of destroying host tissue thereby providing the bacteria with tools for spreading and nutrient access. This thesis describes how group A, C and G streptococci can acquire surface bound protease activity through an alternative mechanism, namely by binding and activation of the human protease precursor plasminogen. Group A streptococci of c
This book brings into question the dichotomies inherent in the sociology of law. It is a journey in search of a method capable of taking us beyond the theoretical limitations imposed on socio-legal research by sharply defined divisions such as “law on the books” and “law in action”, “formal” and “informal law”, “facts” and “norms”, “form” and “substance”, “internal” and “external” legal cultures o
Popular Abstract in Swedish Nanotekniken håller i skrivande stund på att revolutionera samhället med nya innovationer inom exempelvis elektronik och medicin. En viktig del i detta är utvecklingen av nya och förbättrade sätt att avbilda strukturer av nanometerstorlek (en nanometer är en miljarddels meter). Avancerade karakteriseringsmetoder skapar en ökad förståelse för hur nanostrukturer beter sigUltrafast nano-optics is a new and quickly evolving research field centred around the control, manipulation, and application of light on a nanometre and femtosecond scale. This can lead to improved electro-optical devices, more sensitive spectroscopy, and real-time control of chemical reactions. However, understanding the simultaneous nanometre and femtosecond evolution of nano-optical fields requ
BACKGROUND: Opioid-related deaths have increased in Western countries over recent decades. Despite numerous studies investigating opioid-related mortality, only a few have focused on the lives of the deceased individuals prior to their deaths, specifically regarding contact with care-providing authorities such as health, social and correctional services. Furthermore, a change has been noted in the
Analyzing seasonally resolved δ18O ice core data can aid the interpretation of the climate information in ice cores, also providing insights into factors governing the δ18O signal that cannot be deciphered by investigating the annual δ18O data only. However, the seasonal isotope signal has not yet been investigated in northern Greenland, e.g., at the NEEM (North Greenland Eemian Ice Drilling) ice
During the latest years the research on the effects of moisture on clothing system has been boosted. New information has revealed phenomena, e.g. “heat pipe” effect with its condensation-evaporation cycle(s) that has not been considered earlier in prediction of physiological reactions or evaluating clothing properties. Considering the material properties, e.g. the evaporative resistance measuremen
Popular Abstract in Swedish Den moderna epokens början återfinns i det sena sjuttonhundratalet och i Europa. Det är en epok, en kultur som förstår sig som både ny och som annorlunda i förhållande till tidigare epoker och kulturer, sådana som vilat på myter, religion och tradition. Den nya kulturens fundamentala insikt bestod i att ingenting måste vara så som det är, utan allt vore möjligt också påThe problem which the present study discusses is modernity. The study interprets modernity’s cultural and anthropological dispositions as historical appearances. Consequently, it is situated at the intersection of cultural sociology and historical anthropology. The aim is to generate insight and understanding rather than a coherent theory. The key element consists of combination and variation of c
Popular Abstract in Swedish Hur kan nattaktiva insekter se i mörker med fel sorts ögon? Majoriteten av alla dagaktiva insekter har en sorts facettöga som kallas appositionsöga. Appositionsögon är anpassade till ett liv med god tillgång på ljus ? nattaktiva djur har därför i princip alltid andra sorters ögon (superpositionsögon). Anledningen till att appositionsögon fungerar bäst på dagen är att dDue to our own preference for bright light, we tend to forget that many insects are active in very dim light. The reasons for nocturnal activity are most easily seen in tropical areas of the world, where animals face severe competition for food and nocturnal insects are able to forage in a climate of reduced competition and predation. Generally nocturnal insects possess superposition compound eye
This presentation will give an overview of a peer learning model called Supplemental Instruction - Peer Assisted Study Scheme (SI-PASS). SI-PASS was invented at the University of Missouri in Kansas City, USA in the early1970s and was then directed to Universities and for the university students. In this presentation, the focus and discussion will be on how SI-PASS can be implemented in secondary s
Background To benefit from the increasing clinical evidence, organisational changes have been among the main drivers behind the reduction of ICU mortality during the last decade. Increasing demand, costs and complexity, amplifies the need for optimisation of clinical processes and resource utilisation. Thus, multidisciplinary teamwork and critical care processes needs to be adapted to profit from
Summary: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Indications for open surgery in infrainguinal intermittent claudication (IC) are limited, and reports are lacking regarding outcomes in DM patients. Study aims were to compare short and long-term effects on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, major
