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Evaluation schemes, e.g., least-squares fitting, are not generally applicable to any types of experiments. If the evaluation schemes were not derived from a measurement model that properly described the experiment to be evaluated, poorer precision or accuracy than attainable from the measured data could result.. We outline ways in which statistical data evaluation schemes should be derived for all
During the past two years, significant advances have been made in the development of NMR methods for studying biomolecular dynamics on the microsecond to millisecond timescale. Applications of these methods to biologically relevant systems have provided compelling evidence that, in many cases, conformational dynamics on these timescales govern the rates of biomolecular recognition and catalysis.
In this paper, we cast the idea of antithetic sampling, widely used in standard Monte Carlo simulation, into the framework of sequential Monte Carlo methods. We propose a version of the standard auxiliary particle filter where the particles are mutated blockwise in such a way that all particles within each block are, first, offspring of a common ancestor and, second, negatively correlated conditio
A self-tuning algorithm is proposed for the control of the air-fuel ratio in internal combustion engines. Such a controller can overcome problems connected with unknown bias of the engine dynamics, slowly varying engine parameters and excess oxygen sensor characteristics. The simulation study has focused on near-steady-state situations and shows the feasibility of self-tuners in comparison with co
The time and temperature dependent dynamic modulus of asphalt concrete is a key parameter to modern pavement design and to pavement quality. However, accurate measurements of the complex modulus through conventional cyclic testing are expensive regarding both time and costs. Novel test methods based on modal analysis facilitate economic, accurate and faster determination of linear viscoelastic mat
Some theoretical approaches are reviewed to analyze crystallographic and optical properties of phosphors for white light emitting diodes. Stresses are placed on 1) local electro-neutrality for the structural stability of hosts, and 2) dielectric property and coordination of anion ligands around rare-earth luminescent centre for the tuning of emission colour. First-principles calculation results ar
BACKGROUND: Bacterial surfaces are complex systems, constructed from membranes, peptidoglycan and, importantly, proteins. The proteins play crucial roles as critical regulators of how the bacterium interacts with and survive in its environment. A full catalog of the motifs in protein families and their relative conservation grade is a prerequisite to target the protein-protein interaction that bac
Objectives: Endovascular repair (ER) of popliteal artery aneurysm (PAA) is an alternative to open repair. However, there is no standardized protocol for when to opt for ER and the decision is therefore at the discretion of the clinician. This study aims to evaluate the adherence to the Instruction For Use (IFU) in patients undergoing ER for PAA and factors associated with stent graft patency at on
The aim of this technical note is to present methods that allow for direct computation of the bed roughness due to sediment transport based on a formula developed in the literature for cases involving current or waves separately. The methods result in approximate nondimensional expressions for the exact solutions in terms of polynomials determined by least-square fits, where the accuracy of the po
One important step in binary modeling of environmental problems is the generation of absence-datasets that are traditionally generated by random sampling and can undermine the quality of outputs. To solve this problem, this study develops the Absence Point Generation (APG) toolbox which is a Python-based ArcGIS toolbox for automated construction of absence-datasets for geospatial studies. The APG
Improving our understanding of the relationships between biodiversity and the delivery of ecosystem services is crucial for the development of sustainable agriculture. We introduce a novel framework that is based on the identification of indicator species for single or multiple ecosystem services across taxonomic groups based on indicator species analyses. We utilize multi-species community data (
Anion exchange membranes (AEM) are central materials in different energy storage and conversion devices such as alkaline fuel cells, electrolysers and flow batteries. The properties of the AEM therefore has a direct impact on the performance and life-time of the devices. As a polymeric electrolyte film that separates the two electrodes, the AEM is required to have good mechanical properties, high
This paper’s main aim is to review and compare sustainability frameworks and models aiming to propose an overarching strategic planning process for selection of sustainable production (SP) indicators within the manufacturing sector, which point toward radical, systematic and goal-oriented changes. The Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development is selected as a conceptual model to guide strate
We propose a formulation of the Network Design Problem (NDP) to support transport planners in dealing with multimodal networks in contexts characterised by different (and sometimes conflicting) interests and limited resources in a transparent way. We expect that the implementation of the method can increase the acceptability of transport schemes. The proposed formulation expands the scope of tradi
Purpose: To investigate the reasons for not proceeding to surgery in patients undergoing presurgical evaluation for epilepsy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of 401 consecutive patients who were evaluated for but did not proceed to surgery for epilepsy between 1990 and 2016 at three Swedish epilepsy surgery centers was performed. Reasons for not proceeding to surgery were categorized as inco
Glucagon receptor (Gcgr) signaling maintains hepatic glucose production during the fasting state; however, the importance of the Gcgr for lipid metabolism is unclear. We show here that fasted Gcgr-/- mice exhibit a significant increase in hepatic triglyceride secretion and fasting increases fatty acid oxidation (FAO) in wild-type (WT) but not in Gcgr-/- mice. Moreover fasting upregulated the expre
We derive short-distance constraints for the hadronic light-by-light contribution (HLbL) to the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon in the kinematic region where the three virtual momenta are all large. We include the external soft photon via an external field leading to a well-defined Operator Product Expansion. We establish that the perturbative quark loop gives the leading contribution in a w
