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The aim of this population-based prospective study was to determine the incidence of limb fracture by site and gender in different regions of Europe. Men and women aged 50-79 years were recruited from population registers in 31 European centers. Subjects were invited to attend for an interviewer-administered questionnaire and lateral spinal radiographs. Subjects were subsequently followed up using
Popular Abstract in Swedish Variabilitet i ett läkemedels farmakokinetiska (hur ett läkemedel omsätts i kroppen) och farmakodynamiska (vilken effekt ett läkemedel har) egenskaper kan resultera i att olika individer som erhållit samma dos av ett läkemedel får olika effekter av läkemedel. Biverkningar eller utebliven effekt kan innebära allvarliga konsekvenser för den enskilda individen. VariabiliteVariability in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters between individuals can be due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this thesis three different areas regarding sources of variability have been investigated. 1. Formulation properties as an extrinsic source of variability. Lipophilic substances often have poor oral bioavailability and high inter- and intraindividual variability. High
Objective: We studied the independent and joint effects of the genes encoding alpha-synuclein (SNCA) and microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) in Parkinson disease (PD) as part of a large meta-analysis of individual data from case-control studies participating in the Genetic Epidemiology of Parkinson's Disease (GEO-PD) consortium. Methods: Participants of Caucasian ancestry were genotyped for
Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) survivors are at increased risk of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACE) compared with population controls; however, little is known about the annual rates and risk factors for MACE. Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, and trial registries systematically in April 2024 for studies of adults with ICH, reporting either a MACE compo
Purpose: Guidelines recommend targeting mean arterial pressure (MAP) > 65 mmHg in patients after cardiac arrest (CA). Recent trials have studied the effects of targeting a higher MAP as compared to a lower MAP after CA. We performed a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the effects of higher versus lower MAP targets on patient outcome. Method: We searched the
Purpose: Avian haemosporidians are widespread parasites, occurring in many bird families and causing pathologies ranging from rather benign infections to highly virulent diseases. The state of knowledge about lineage-specific intensities of haemosporidian infection (i.e., parasitaemia) is mainly based on infection experiments conducted under laboratory conditions. The levels and range of parasitae
Background: Embolic stroke of undetermined source (ESUS) identifies patients with cryptogenic ischemic stroke presumed due to embolism from several unidentified sources. Among patients with recent ESUS, we sought to determine independent predictors of recurrent ischemic stroke during treatment with aspirin or rivaroxaban and to assess the relative effects of these treatments according to risk. Met
Understanding how drugs work is of great importance, since it can facilitate drug discovery, both time- and costwise. At the same time, it is important to have methods that can help predict how well does a potential drug molecule bind to its target. Computational methods can in many ways contribute to drug design process. In this thesis, we employ different computational approaches to study the biUnderstanding how drugs work is of great importance, since it can facilitate drug discovery, both time- and costwise. At the same time, it is important to have methods that can help predict how well does a potential drug molecule bind to its target. Computational methods can in many ways contribute to drug design process. In this thesis, we employ different computational approaches to study the bi
Wetlands are integral components of our natural environment since they provide many critical ecosystem services to humanity, such as water purification, climate change mitigation, flood control, and biodiversity. Although wetlands can convey resilience to some degree of changes, they might be vulnerable to climate change. Altered hydrology and rising temperatures can turn the wetland services into
Background: Voluntary self-exclusion from gambling is a common but underdeveloped harm reduction tool in the management of gambling problems or gambling disorders. Large-scale, multi-operator, and operator-independent self-exclusion services are needed. A recent nationwide multi-operator self-exclusion service in Sweden (Spelpaus), involving both land- and web-based gambling sites, is promising, b
Uppsatsen behandlar den senaste lagändringen av 6 kap. 2 a § föräldrabalken, som trädde i kraft den 1 januari 2025, och analyserar hur lagändringen påverkar rättsutvecklingen kring principen om barnets bästa i vårdnadstvister. Syftet är att undersöka i vilken utsträckning lagändringen har omformat bedömningen av barnets bästa och hur barnets rätt att bli hörd påverkas i ljuset av den nya reglering
Today there is an increased interest in achieving a greater understanding of coastal dynamics as well as ways to determine the provenance of these coastal sediments. Here it is investigated whether the relatively new method of utilising optically stimulated luminescence (OSL), proposed by Gray et al. (2019), is a viable method on Scanian coastal sediments, as the bedrock is highly diverse in compa
Uppsatsen syftar till att granska fri- och rättighetskommitténs syfte och ända mål med lagförslaget i betänkandet SOU 2025 Några frågor om grundläg gande fri- och rättigheter, samt vilka konsekvenser som det eventuellt kan medföra. Lagförslaget innebär en grundlagsändring av 2 kap. 7 § Regerings formen som stadgar en absolut rätt att som svensk medborgare inte landsför visas samt att inte fråntasThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the objectives and aims of the Com mittee in its legislative proposal presented in the Report SOU 2025:2 Some Issues Concerning Fundamental Rights and Freedoms, as well as the potential consequences that may accure from the proposal. The proposal entails a con stitutional amendment to Chapter 2, Paragraph 7 of the Instrument of Gov ernment, which establis
