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Based on multiphase field conception and integrated with the idea of vectorvalued phase field, a phase field model for typical allotropic transformation of solid solution is proposed. The model takes the non-uniform distribution of grain boundaries of parent phase and crystal orientation into account in proper way, as being illustrated by the simulation of austenite to ferrite transformation in lo
BACKGROUND: Cost-effective fermentation of lignocellulosic hydrolysate to ethanol by Saccharomyces cerevisiae requires efficient mixed sugar utilization. Notably, the rate and yield of xylose and arabinose co-fermentation to ethanol must be enhanced. RESULTS: Evolutionary engineering was used to improve the simultaneous conversion of xylose and arabinose to ethanol in a recombinant industrial Sacc
I december 2022 blev en polis allvarligt skadad i samband med ett ingripande. Den kvinnliga polisen blev biten och fick motstå upprepande slag mot huvudet. 27 februari 2023 blev en polis i Norrköping överfallen med kniv utanför polishuset. Detta är bara två av flera incidenter där poliser blir offer för våld och hot om våld i deras yrkesutövning. Poliser tillhör en yrkesgrupp som till vardags fårIn December 2022, a police officer was seriously injured in connection with an intervention. The female police officer was bitten and had to with-stand repeated blows to the head. On February 27, 2023, a police officer in Norrköping was attacked with a knife outside the police station. These are just two of several incidents where police officers are victims of violence and threats of violence in
Background As a part of the Service Organization’s earlier initiated and at the moment on-going project; “A more efficient Service Organization”, daily management has been identified as playing a major part. The starting-point for this has been to gain insight into how the Service Organization is actually performing and how it would be possible to measure, follow-up and visualize this performance.
There has been much work on classification of malaria infected blood; in resent time, a method using LED-based microscopy has been developed with the goal of reducing time and cost. The education level needed to make such decisions is also reduced using this microscope. This is mainly done to help the developing countries in the fight against malaria and develop these countries competence in the f
Sammanfattning I Europakonventionen artikel 8 skyddas rätten till privatliv. Varje person har rätt till skydd av personuppgifter som tillhör honom eller henne. Globalisering och teknologisk utveckling har anmärkningsvärt förändrat sättet på hur personuppgifter behandlas. En uppdaterad lagstiftning för personuppgiftsskydd behövs och EUs föreslagna förordning reflekterar tydligt utmaningarna för Summary The protection of personal data is a fundamental right in accordance with Article 8 of the European Convention of Human Rights. Every person has the right to the protection of information that concerns him or her. Globalisation and technological advancements have enormously transformed the way our personal data is collected. An updated legislation on data protection is needed and the pr
Huvudansvaret för barns fostran och vårdnad ligger hos föräldrarna. Trots detta så har samhället en skyldighet att träda in då en förälder inte kan full-följa sin vårdnadsplikt. Detta ansvar återfinns i den sociala barnavården. Mycket har hänt inom den sociala barnavården det senaste århundradet, delvis på grund av en förändrad syn på barn och inte minst har Förenta nationernas konvention om barneThe main responsibility for the child's upbringing and custody lies in the hands of the parents. However, society has an obligation to step in when the parents can´t fulfill their duty of care. This responsibility is called the child welfare. Much has happened in the area of child welfare during the last century, partly because of a changed view of the child, but also because the United Nation
Våld i nära relationer har länge varit ett stort samhällsproblem. Problematiken utgörs framförallt av systematiskt våld från en närstående, ibland även med dödlig utgång. Våldet förekommer ofta i hemmet och forskning har visat att kvinnor drabbas i större utsträckningen av grövre våld i jämförelse med män. Vid närmare samtal om ämnet har man funnit ytterligare en särskilt utsatt grupp som ofta falDomestic violence has long been a major societal issue. Domestic violence usually consists of systematic violence from a close relative, sometimes even with a fatal outcome. Research has shown that women are affected to a greater extent by more serious violence in comparison to men. During closer discussions on the subject another particularly vulnerable group has been found to often fall between
I analyse the effect of risk aversion on the share of wealth investment on risky tradable financial assets at individual level by exploiting the results of a laboratory experiment on a sample of over 700 Dutch respondents. The estimates of an econometric model show that for different wealth levels, risk aversion has heterogeneous effects on the share of wealth invested in risky tradable financial
I december 2019 upptäckte smittskyddsmyndigheten i Kina ett helt nytt virus som senare skulle visa sig spridas och bryta ut till en pandemi över hela världen. Viruset har sedan dess fått namnet SARS-CoV-2 och bidrar till sjukdomen Covid-19. Viruset upptäcktes och identifierades för första gången i staden Wuhan i Hubeiprovinsen, för att sedan spridas till ett stort antal länder över hela världen. DIn December 2019, authorities in China discovered a completely new virus that since then has spread worldwide leading to a pandemic. The virus has since been named SARS-CoV-2 and contributes to infection of Covid-19. The current situation (2021-01-01) of the covid-19-pandemic has affected us all with a rate of 60 million global cases, several unfortunate deaths and a great uncertainty regarding an
Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) neural networks have gained popularity for applications such as keyword spotting, speech recognition and other artificial intelligence applications. Typically for most applications training and inference is performed on cloud servers, and the result are transferred to the power constrained device, e.g., an hearing instrument (HI). This approach has disadvantages such as
Spatial compositional data with exact zeros arise in many applicationsbut remain challenging for models that often assume strictly positivecomponents. We develop a Bayesian spatial model that combines theDirichlet Composition Distribution, which accommodates exact zeros throughcomponent-specific zero probabilities, with a Gaussian Markov random field representationof the latent compositional field
Many modern buildings with glass facade have been built in recent years. The idea is often to create a transparent building with an impression of future and development. Glass facades are often being used in office buildings, where workers spend most of their hours of daylight. Because of this, thermal and visual comfort are very important in order to provide a pleasant indoor climate. When the po
In this paper, the model of moral motivation as developed by Brekke et al (2003) is analysed with the new assumption that self-image is an increasing function of effort. While the effects of increased efficiency and new information on optimal effort levels are largely similar, different results are obtained when individuals are faced with responsibility and economic incentives. Following Brekke et
Denna framställning behandlar ämnet surrogatmoderskap. Surrogatmoderskap innebär att en kvinna genomgår en graviditet för ett barnlöst pars räkning, vilka benämns ”det beställande paret”. När barnet föds överlämnas det till det beställande paret som således blir barnets sociala föräldrar. Genetisk sett kan barnet vara helt och hållet det beställande parets eget eller kan surrogatmodern även ha bidThe theme of this essay is surrogate motherhood. This is the practice whereby one woman carries a child for another woman. The other woman and her partner are called the commissioning couple. When the surrogate mother has given birth, the child is handed over to the commissioning couple. The commissioning couple may be the genetic parents of the child, or the surrogate mother may have contributed
UNLABELLED: Affibody molecules are small (7 kDa) nonimmunoglobulin scaffold proteins with favorable tumor-targeting properties. Studies concerning the influence of chelators on biodistribution of (99m)Tc-labeled Affibody molecules demonstrated that the variant with a C-terminal glycyl-glycyl-glycyl-cysteine peptide-based chelator (designated ZHER2:V2) has the best biodistribution profile in vivo a
OBJECTIVES: To explore clustering of comorbidities among patients with a new diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) and estimate the 10-year mortality risk for each identified cluster.METHODS: This is a population-based cohort study of individuals with first incident diagnosis of OA of the hip, knee, ankle/foot, wrist/hand, or 'unspecified' site between 2006 and 2020, using SIDIAP (a primary care databa
This study explores how Swedish preachers incorporate AI chats such as ChatGPT into sermon preparation. Based on interviews, chat logs, and sermon manuscripts from six priests in the Church of Sweden, the study uses relevance theory to analyse the preachers' prompting and evaluation strategies. The preachers primarily use large language models (LLMs) for brainstorming and inspiration, critically e
Nitrogenase is the only enzyme that can cleave the strong triple bond in N2, making nitrogen available for biological lifeforms. The active site is a MoFe7S9C cluster (the FeMo cluster) that binds eight electrons and protons during one catalytic cycle, giving rise to eight intermediate states E0–E7. It is experimentally known that N2 binds to the E4 state and that H2 is a compulsory biproduct of t
Accurate monitoring of glaciers’ extents and their dynamics is essential for improving our understanding of the impacts of climate and environmental changes in cold regions. The satellite-based Normalized Difference Snow Index (NDSI) has been widely used for mapping snow cover and glaciers around the globe. However, mapping glaciers in snow-covered areas using existing indices remains a challengin
