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Introduction: After extensive pelvic surgery for cancer two flap types are used at Skåne University Hospital (SUS), Sweden for perineal reconstruction: vertical rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap and gluteal flap with or without vaginal reconstruction. The objective was to study the long-term outcomes in patients treated for advanced pelvic cancer receiving a flap. Method: Patients with pelvic can

BackgroundRight ventricular (RV) function is a major determinant of outcome in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is gold standard to assess RV ejection fraction (RVEFCMR), however this is a crude measure. New CMR measures of RV function beyond RVEFCMR have emerged, such as RV lateral atrio-ventricular plane displacement (AVPDlat), maximum emptying velocity (S’C

Technological and policy solutions for transitioning to a fossil-free society exist, many countries could afford the transition, and rational arguments for rapid climate action abound. Yet effective action is still lacking. Dominant policy approaches have failed to generate action at anywhere near the rate, scale or depth needed to avoid potentially catastrophic futures. This is despite 30 years o

Objectives: To assess if improvement of working conditions related to heat stress was associated with improved kidney health outcomes among sugarcane harvest workers in Chichigalpa, Nicaragua, a region heavily affected by the epidemic of chronic kidney disease of non-traditional origin. Methods: Based on our findings during the 2017-2018 harvest (harvest 1), recommendations that enhanced the rest

Background: Dietary advice remains the cornerstone of prevention and management of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, understanding the efficacy of dietary interventions is confounded by the challenges inherent in assessing free living diet. Here we profiled dietary metabolites to investigate glycaemic deterioration and cardiometabolic risk in people at risk of or living with T2D. Methods: We analyse

We here reconstruct a glacial and climate history of arctic NW Siberia for the last 600 000 years, based on the stratigraphy and chronology of 35 studied river sections on the southern Taimyr Peninsula. From this stratigraphic mosaic we have identified four glacial events, marked by tills/glaciotectonics, which are intercalated with mainly marine sediments deposited in proglacial settings during We here reconstruct a glacial and climate history of arctic NW Siberia for the last ~600,000 years, based on the stratigraphy and chronology of 35 studied river sections on the southern Taimyr Peninsula. From this stratigraphic mosaic we have identified four glacial events, marked by tills/glaciotectonics, which are intercalated with mainly marine sediments deposited in proglacial settings during

Migratory songbirds carry an inherited capacity to migrate several thousand kilometers each year crossing continental landmasses and barriers between distant breeding sites and wintering areas. How individual songbirds manage with extreme precision to find their way is still largely unknown. The functional characteristics of biological compasses used by songbird migrants has mainly been investigat

Objective: Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have been successful at identifying associations with stroke and stroke subtypes, but have not yet identified any associations solely with small vessel stroke (SVS). SVS comprises one quarter of all ischemic stroke and is a major manifestation of cerebral small vessel disease, the primary cause of vascular cognitive impairment. Studies across neuro

PURPOSE: The R2Pulm trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of busulfan-melphalan high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell rescue (BuMel) without whole-lung irradiation (WLI) on event-free survival (main end point) and overall survival, compared with standard chemotherapy with WLI in Ewing sarcoma (ES) presenting with pulmonary and/or pleural metastases. METHODS: From 2000 to 2015, we e

Introduction: Secundum atrial septal defect is one of the most common congenital heart defects. Previous paediatric studies have mainly addressed echocardiographic and few clinical factors among children associated with adverse events. The aim of this study was to identify neonatal and other clinical risk factors associated with adverse events up to one year after closure of atrial septal defect.

Background: Staff who plan and organize day center activities may need to observe the attendees’ performance and progression. This led us to develop a tool for that purpose, termed General Occupational Engagement in people with Severe mental illness (GOES). The aim was to investigate its psychometric properties in terms of factor structure, internal consistency, corrected item-total correlations (

Background. Neutrophils from patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are dysfunctional and thus a contributing factor to the risk of infections. The mechanisms for leucocyte dysfunction in CKD are not fully understood. It is known that lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates transcription of several genes encoding proinflammatory cytokines. We therefore aimed to study the effect of LPS on neutrophil

Excessive accumulation of leukocytes in the lung represents a key feature in the development of an acute lung injury (ALI). Numerous studies demonstrated that leukocyte rolling is a compulsory precondition for the firm adhesion in organs. However, it seems that the recruitment process of leukocytes in the lung is more complex. Increasing evidence suggests that recruitment of leukocytes in pulmonar

Popular Abstract in Swedish I denna avhandling studeras ledningsförmågan hos nanometer-stora kvantprickar tillverkade i halvledarmaterial. Halvledare är material vars ledningsförmåga ligger någonstans mellan ledare (metaller) och isolatorer. I halvledare kan ledningsförmågan ändras med elektriska fält, vilket har möjliggjort utvecklandet av halvledartransistorn. Utvecklandet av halvledartransistorThis thesis focuses on electron transport in single and double quantum dots defined in low-dimensional, narrow-band-gap III-V semiconductor materials. Fabrication schemes are presented for defining single and double quantum dots in lateral InGaAs/InP heterostructures, either by a combination of etching and local gating or solely by local top gating. The quantum dots are here electrostatically conf

The use of celestial or geomagnetic orientation cues can lead migratory birds along different migration routes during the migratory journeys, e.g. great circle routes (approximate), geographic or magnetic loxodromes. Orientation cage experiments have indicated that migrating birds are capable of detecting magnetic compass information at high northern latitudes even at very steep angles of inclinat

Popular Abstract in Swedish Kritiskt sjuka patienter på intensivvårdsavdelningar (IVA) har ofta störningar i blodets levringsförmåga (koagulation). Kliniska tecken som blodpropp (djup ventrombos eller blodpropp i lungorna) och/eller blödning kan vara resultatet av aktivering och konsumtion av koagulationsfaktorer och koagulationshämmare. Disseminerad intravaskulär koagulation (DIC, som är en samtiCritically ill patients in intensive care units (ICU) often have coagulation disturbances. Clinical manifestations such as thromboembolism and/or bleeding may result from activation and consumption of coagulation factors and inhibitors. Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a severe condition with an often-poor prognosis. Global haemostatic tests are inexpensive, widely available, and ma

Background: Insulin is a therapeutic protein that is widely used for the treatment of diabetes. Its biological function was discovered more than 80 years ago and it has since then been characterized extensively. Crystallization of the insulin molecule has always been a key activity since the protein is often administered by subcutaneous injections of crystalline insulin formulations. Over the year

Colour vision greatly enhances the discriminatory and cognitive capabilities of visual systems and is found in a great majority of vertebrates and many invertebrates. However, colour coding visual systems are confronted with the fact that the external stimuli are ambiguous because they are subject to constant variations of luminance and spectral composition. Furthermore, the transmittance of the o

The Bog Ecosystem Research Initiative (BERI) projectwas initiated to investigate, at five climaticallydifferent sites across Europe, the effects of elevatedCO2 and N deposition on the net exchange ofCO2 and CH4 between bogs and the atmosphere,and to study the effects of elevated CO2 and Ndeposition on the plant biodiversity of bogcommunities. A major challenge to investigate theeffects of elevated

Interleukin 6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine and a potent stimulator of bone resorption and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate if a functional JL-6 promoter polymorphism (-174) was related to bone mass and fractures in a cohort consisting of 964 postmenopausal Caucasian women aged 75 years. Bone mineral de