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Background: Screening for bacterial colonization among risk populations could provide better estimates of the volume of the bacteria-related disease reservoir and the level of antimicrobial resistance, than do conventional laboratory reports. Methods: Two hundred and one participants at 10 Swedish nursing homes were screened for colonization with Staphylococcus aureus between January and October 2
Detection of analytes in complex biological samples, such as milk and blood, normally requires sample pretreatment. These pretreatment regimes reduce assay throughput and increase testing costs. Technologies that make it possible to eliminate sample pretreatment are of great industrial interest. Here we report the development of a dual-signal flow injected analysis device which eliminates the need
The function of the efflux pump P-glycoprotein (Pgp) and ABCB1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) should be considered as important tools to deepen knowledge of drug nephrotoxicity and disposition mechanisms. The aim of this study is to investigate the association of C3435T, G2677T, C1236T, and T129C ABCB1 SNPs with Pgp activity and exposure to different immunosuppressive drugs in renal transp
Abstract in Danish Som regel forstår vi demokrati og diktatur som to adskilte regeringsformer. Faktisk er de sammenflettede grundet undtagelsestilstanden og dens uundgåelighed i den politiske forfatning. Denne indrømmelse befrier os fra normativ forudindtagethed om det politiske og leder os til den hypotese at hvis vi studerer det politiske hinsides ideologiske spilfægterier og narrative konstruktNormally, we understand democracy and dictatorship as two separate forms of government. Actually, they are intertwined due to the state of exception and its inevitability for the political constitution. This concession frees of normative pre-conceptions of the political and leads us to the hypothesis that if we study the political beyond ideological skirmishes and narrative constructions we can co
Ulcerated diabetic foot is a complex problem. Ischaemia, neuropathy and infection are the three pathological components that lead to diabetic foot complications, and they frequently occur together as an aetiologic triad. Neuropathy and ischaemia are the initiating factors, most often together as neuroischaemia, whereas infection is mostly a consequence. The role of peripheral arterial disease in d
The timing of the ice margin retreat of the Late Glacial Patagonian Ice Sheet (PIS) in southern Patagonia has been the object of discussion for many years. In order to resolve questions about the complex response of the PIS to past climate change, any geological interpretation and data modelling need evaluation against an absolute chronology. The aim of this project is to investigate the applicabi
Objective: The purpose of this investigation was to estimate the vertical deviation of the nasal floor and to register dental disturbances (i.e., hypo- and hyperdontia) in patients with an isolated soft tissue cleft lip. Design: Thirty patients with isolated cleft lips were randomly selected from the files of the Department of Maxillo-Facial Surgery and Jaw Orthopedics. As a matched control group,
Radial motions of stars in nearby moving clusters are determined fromaccurate proper motions and trigonometric parallaxes, without any use ofspectroscopy. Assuming that cluster members share the same velocityvector (apart from a random dispersion), we apply a maximum-likelihoodmethod on astrometric data from Hipparcos to compute radial and spacevelocities (and their dispersions) in the Ursa Major,
Popular Abstract in Swedish Under de senaste åren har nödvändigheten att ta hänsyn till utsatta grupper i den svenska befolkningen och deras varierande behov lyfts fram i rapporter och utredningar om utformningen av vård och rehabilitering av äldre. En sådan utsatt grupp är äldre teckenspråkliga döva. Svårigheten att kommunicera, i kombination med åldersrelaterade sjukdomar, funktionsbegränsningarVery little is known about the consequences of aging and the wellbeing of deaf sign language users. This thesis contributes to filling this knowledge gap. The overarching aim was to gain further understanding and to increase the knowledge about quality of life, in terms of subjective wellbeing and health, activity and social contacts, among older deaf sign language users. After having established
Popular Abstract in Swedish POPULÄRVETENSKAPLIG SAMMANFATTNING (Summary in Swedish) Ett självmordsförsök innebär ett stort lidande, såväl ho's personen i fråga som ho's omgivningen. Psykiatrin's huvudsakliga syfte i behandlingen av självmordsnära individer är att förhindra upprepade självmordsförsök och självmord. Av dem som gör ett självmordsförsök har 35 – 50% gjort ett eller flera självmordsföAbstract One important task for the mental health services is to prevent suicidal behaviour, especially among persons at high risk, e.g. those who have attempted suicide. In two follow-up samples, one and three months after a suicide attempts, both n=97, we found that 32% and 38% of the patients respectively had no treatment and 30% in each sample had suicidal thoughts. In a randomised controlled
Popular Abstract in Swedish Undersøkelsen omfatter 44 skandinaviske personer med Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrom. Disse personer hadde netthinne degenerasjon og minst ytterligere 2 av de øvrige tradisjonelle tegn på lidelsen: overvekt, overtallige fingre og tær, mangelfullt utviklede kjønnsorganer og nedsatt intelligens. Undersøkelsen viste at pasientene fikk nattblindhet og avtagende syn i barThe study included 44 Scandinavian individuals with the autosomal recessive inherited Laurence-Moon-Bardet-Biedl syndrome. Inclusion criteria were retinal dystrophy plus at least 2 more of the remaining traditional cardinal signs of the syndrome: obesity, polydactyly, hypogenitalism and mental retardation. The study showed that the patients had an early onset of night blindness and a poor visual p
Popular Abstract in Swedish Kol-kolinteraktioner utgör starka kemiska bindningar. Detta innebär att de är relativt svåra att både bryta och bilda. Föreliggande avhandling sammanfattar mekanistiska studier av två reaktioner, Stillereaktionen och Heckreaktionen, med hjälp av vilka kol-kolbindningar kan bildas. Ett vanligt förekommande sammanfattningsnamn för denna typ av reaktioner är korskopplingsrThe present thesis deals with various types of palladium(II) and platinum(II) complexes and their use in homogeneous catalysis. The focus has been devoted to mechanistic investigations concerning the Stille and Heck reactions and studies under both catalytic and stoichiometric conditions were conducted. As a stoichiometric probe for studying the transmetallation step in the Stille reaction the pl
Top-down control of pest populations by their natural enemies is a crucial ecosystem service supporting agricultural production. The relationship between predator community composition and predation rates of pests remains poorly investigated. A deeper understanding of the processes shaping interaction strength in agroecosystems is needed if we are to accurately predict natural pest control service
In this article, we describe a third-generation amperometric glucose biosensor working under physiological conditions. This glucose biosensor consists of a recently discovered cellobiose dehydrogenase from the ascomycete Corynascus thermophilus (CtCDH) immobilized on different commercially available screen-printed electrodes made of carbon (SPCEs), carboxyl-functionalized single-walled carbon nano
Abstract in UndeterminedBACKGROUND: Work related fatigue has been suggested as a link in the assumed sequence of events between repeated adverse work demands and the development of work related stress, which may be associated with changes in concentrations of cortisol, psychological overload and, in the long run, health problems. Insufficient sleep is a contributing factor to lack of recovery, but
Physical activity is favorable for peak bone mass but if the skeletal benefits remain and influence fracture risk in old age is debated. In a cross-sectional controlled mixed model design, we compared dual X-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mineral density (BMD) and bone size in 193 active and retired male elite soccer players and 280 controls, with duplicate measurements of the same individual don
A major bottleneck in high-throughput protein production is the validation step, which is why parallel and automated sample processing methods are highly desirable. Also, a miniaturized sample preparation format is preferred, as the reduction of reagent volumes significantly decreases the analysis cost per sample. We have developed an automated and miniaturized protein sequence verification protoc
Weathering of silicate minerals releases dissolved silicate (DSi) to the soil-vegetation system. Accumulation and recycling of this DSi by terrestrial ecosystems creates a pool of reactive Si on the continents that buffers DSi export to the ocean. Human perturbations to the functioning of the buffer have been a recent research focus, yet a common assumption is that the continental Si cycle is at s
Previous experience has demonstrated the importance of testing new bone cement in vivo before widespread clinical use. We performed a consecutive, radiostereometric (RSA) study comparing Refobacin Bone Cement (RBC) to the well proven Palacos with Gentamicin (PWG). According to the manufacturer of RBC it has the equivalent characteristics as PWG, and in vitro tests show good results. The purpose of
