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We present an approach to nanoscale-resolution high-sensitivity imaging of internal material structure under in situ/operando conditions for virtually any sample environment. When bulky or heavy sample environment is required state-of-the-art X-ray imaging techniques, such as scanning and full-field microscopy or holography fail to deliver high-resolution imaging capabilities due to either i) extr

Popular Abstract in Swedish Många växtarter kan inte kolonisera kalkjordar och det är stora skillnader i artsammansättningen mellan kalkjordar och närliggande surare jordar. Detta beteende kallas ofta för kalkskyende och tycks orsakas av en oförmåga hos dessa växtarter att lösa och ta upp fosfat och järn ur kalkjordar. Kalkjordar innehåller mycket låga halter av järn och fosfat löst i marklösningeMany vascular plant species are unable to colonise calcareous sites, the floristic composition of adjacent limestone and acid silicate soils differing markedly. The inability of these 'calcifuge' species to establish themselves and grow on limestone soil appears to mainly be related to their low capacity for solubilising and absorbing phosphate and/or iron from such soils. Differences between calc

Background Endometrial adenocarcinoma (womb cancer) is a malignant growth of the lining (endometrium) of the womb (uterus). It is distinct from sarcomas (tumours of the uterine muscle). Survival depends the risk of microscopic metastases after surgery. Adjuvant (postoperative) chemotherapy improves survival from some other adenocarcinomas, and there is evidence that endometrial cancer is sensitive

This thesis is about the intersection between Corporate Social Responsibility and Supply Chain Management. I call this upstream CSR, the phenomenon that arises when an issue on a company’s CSR agenda becomes an issue for its sourcing and supply management operations. Upstream CSR as a phenomenon is not without controversies, but it also holds an important potential for reducing negative environm

Theories of concepts address systematically and productively structured thought. Until the Unified Conceptual Space Theory (UCST), based on Peter Gärdenfors’ Conceptual Spaces Theory, no one had attempted to offer an explicitly enactive theory of concepts. UCST is set apart from its competitors in locating concepts not in the mind (or brain) of the conceptual agent nor in the affordances of the ag

Helicobacter pylori attaches via lectins, carbohydrate binding proteins, to the carbohydrate residues of gastric mucins. Guinea-pigs are a suitable model for a H. pylori infection and thus the carbohydrate composition of normal and H. pylori infected gastric mucosa was investigated by lectin histochemistry. The stomach of all infected animals showed signs of an active chronic gastritis in their mu

The widespread use of artificial nestboxes has led to significant advances in our knowledge of the ecology, behaviour and physiology of cavity nesting birds, especially small passerines Nestboxes have made it easier to perform routine monitoring and experimental manipulation of eggs or nestlings, and also repeatedly to capture, identify and manipulate the parents However, when comparing results ac

We investigated the mechanism of lysosome-mediated cell death using purified recombinant pro-apoptotic proteins, and cell-free extracts from the human neuronal progenitor cell line NT2, Potential effectors were either isolated lysosomes or purified lysosomal proteases. Purified lysosomal cathepsins B, H, K, L, S, and X or an extract of mouse lysosomes did not directly activate either recombinant c

Popular Abstract in Danish Summary in Danish Patientsikkerhed på hospital – forebyggelse af uventede dødsfald via systematisk anvendelse af et Early Warning Score system På hospitaler i den vestlige del af verden sker det, på trods af store indsatser for at øge patientsikkerheden, at indlagte patienters tilstand forværres alvorligt, og at nogle af disse patienter i værste tilfælde dør, som konsekAbstract In-hospital patient safety is at times hampered, leaving general ward patients at considerable risk of gradual, even life-threatening, deterioration. In many European clinical settings, inappropriate nursing practice of bedside monitoring and management has recently been addressed as impending to in-hospital patient safety. Vital parameters have for two decades been known to deviate in in

In a warming climate, permafrost is likely to be significantly reduced and eventually disappear from the sub-Arctic region. This will affect people at a range of scales, from locally by slumping of buildings and roads to globally as melting of permafrost will most likely increase the emissions of the powerful greenhouse gas methane, which will further enhance global warming. In order to predict fu

Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning Öroninflammtionen är en av våra vanligaste åkommor, och den drabbar framför allt små barn. Av alla bakteriella infektioner är det den som oftast för oss till läkare. Vanligen resulterar läkarbesöket i en kur med bakteriedödande läkemedel som penicillin. P.g.a den idag höga konsumtionen av penicillin och liknande medel, är risken påtagAcute otitis media (AOM) is the most common illness diagnosed during early childhood. One of the major etiologic agents is Haemophilus influenzae. Apart from AOM, this organism can cause a broad range of infectious diseases such as meningitis, epiglottitis, arthritis, and pneumonia. Despite the importance of H.influenzae, the mechanisms by which this heterogenous group of bacteria mediates the inf

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hjärnan ansvarar för styrningen av vårt beteende. Exempelvis kan skador på hjärnan vara förödande för vår motorik eller förändra vår personlighet. Hur hjärnan exakt ger upphov till vårt beteende är i huvudsak okänt men hjärnans betydelse för vissa delar av vårt beteende har studerats genom att bryta ner vårt beteende i avgränsade, identifierbara beståndsdelar. Ett avgräIt has been suggested that the cerebellar mossy fibre afferents transmit the conditioned stimulus (CS) information to the cerebellum. Several studies are consistent with this suggestion but alternative explanations have not been excluded. In conditioned ferrets, the forelimb CS was replaced by a direct stimulation of the cerebellar mossy fibre afferents. It was found that true conditioned response

Popular Abstract in Swedish Våtmarker är en naturtyp som man finner i övergångszoner mellan land och vatten. Idag talas det mycket om våtmarkers positiva natur- och miljövärden i avrinningsområden i det moderna jordbrukslandskapet. Våtmarker ger omväxling i landskapet och är viktiga biotoper för växter och djur. I våtmarker ansamlas mycket dött växtmaterial och tillsammans med en god tillgång på vIn this thesis, I have studied nitrogen turnover processes in watermeadows. A watermeadow is a wetland where water infiltrates through the soil of a grassland field. It is hypothesized that infiltration of water through the soil matrix promotes nutrient transformations compared to surface flow of water, by increasing the contact between water, nutrients, soil organic matter and bacteria. I have st

Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a heterogeneous syndrome diagnosed at metastatic sites. The etiology is unknown but immune dysfunction may be a contributing factor. Patients with autoimmune diseases were identified from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Register and linked to the Swedish Cancer Registry. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) were calculated for subsequent CUP and compared with subj

The photochemical oxidation of oceanic dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO2) has been estimated to be a significant process with global photoproduction transforming petagrams of DOC to inorganic carbon annually. To further quantify the importance of these two photoproducts in coastal DOC cycling, 38 paired apparent quantum yield (AQY) spectra for CO and CO

Vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs) display remarkable phenotypic plasticity in response to environmental cues. The nuclear factor of activated T-cells (NFAT) family of transcription factors plays a critical role in vascular pathology. However, known functional NFAT gene targets in vascular SMCs are currently limited. Publicly available whole-genome expression array data sets were analyzed to iden

The SNP rs13266634 encodes either an Arginine (R) or a Tryptophan (W) (R325W) at the amino acid position 325 in the Zinc Transporter 8 (ZnT8) protein. Autoantibodies (Ab) that recognize ZnT8R, ZnT8W or both at the polymorphic site are common in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients. The epitope specificity and affinity of ZnT8Ab are poorly understood, but may be of importance for the pred

Testicular germ cell tumours (TGCT) exhibit remarkable ability to differentiate into virtually all somatic tissue types. In this study, we investigated changes in mucin-type O-glycosylation, which have been associated with somatic cell differentiation and cancer. Expression profile of simple mucin-type O-glycans (Tn, sialyl-Tn, T), histo-blood group H and A variants and six polypeptide Ga1NAc-tran