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Molecular mimicry of chemokine ligands has been described for several pathogens. Toxoplasma gondii produces a protein, cyclophilin-18 (C-18), which binds to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-receptor CCR5 and inhibits fusion and infection of T cells and macrophages by R5 viruses but not by X4 viruses. We recently identified structural determinants of C-18 required for anti-HIV activity (Ya

Contralateral anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are together with the risk of developing osteoarthritis of the knee and the risk of re-rupture/graft failure important aspects to consider after an ACL injury. The aim of this review was to perform a critical analysis of the literature on the risk factors associated with a contralateral ACL injury. A better understanding of these risk factors

BACKGROUND: father's sense of security in the early postnatal period is important for the whole family. An instrument, which measures Parents' Postnatal Sense of Security (the PPSS instrument), is under development. OBJECTIVE: to explore and describe factors, which influence fathers' sense of security during the first postnatal week. METHODS: an explorative design with a qualitative approach was u

Objective:Human leukocyte antigen DQ (HLA-DQ) genetic factors and islet autoantibodies are strongly associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and are currently used to predict T1D. This study examined whether islet autoantibodies in the cord blood of newborns to nondiabetic mothers were associated with the (T1D) high-risk genotype HLA-DQ2/8, gestational infections or both.Study Design:Cord blood sampl

Autoignition in SI engines is an abnormal combustion mode and may lead to engine knock in SI engines. Knock may cause damage and it is a source of noise in engines. It limits the compression ratio of the engine and a low compression ratio means low fuel conversion efficiency of the engine. In this paper a multi zone model based on an existing two zone model Hajireza et al., [1 and 12] and Stenlaas

OBJECTIVES:: To investigate the association between adverse events recorded during critical care and mortality in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients treated with therapeutic hypothermia. DESIGN:: Prospective, observational, registry-based study. SETTING:: Twenty-two hospitals in Europe and the United States. PATIENTS:: Between October 2004 and October 2008, 765 patients were included. INTERVE

BACKGROUND: Cannabinoid (CB) receptors may be involved in the control of bladder function; the role of CB receptor subtypes in micturition has not been established. OBJECTIVES: Our aim was to evaluate the effects of cannabinor, a novel CB2 receptor agonist, on rat bladder function. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Sprague Dawley rats were used. Distribution of CB2 receptors in sensory and cholin

The main objective was to assess knowledge, practices, and restrictions faced by young women regarding their menstrual hygiene. The views of adult women having young daughters were also included and both views were compared. In addition, the factors influencing the menstrual hygiene practices were also studied. The study was carried out during 2008 in Mumbai, India. The mixed methods approach was

Evaluation of prophylactic treatment of haemophilia requires sensitive methods. To design and test a new magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scale for haemophilic arthropathy, two scales of a combined MRI scoring scheme were merged into a single scale which includes soft tissue and osteochondral subscores. Sixty-one joint MRI's of 46 patients with haemophilia were evaluated by four radiologists using

Background: There is an evident need for improved management of elderly patients with trauma in order to avoid common and troublesome complications such as delirium. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an implementation of a multi-factorial program including intensified pre-hospital and perioperative treatment and care could reduce the incidence of delirium in elderly patients with hi

Purpose The purpose of this research is to explore the effects of format development of an original single-format general merchandise retailer on store image. Theoretical Perspectives This study is grounded on the alignment of existing literature in the fields of format development and store image. The theoretical framework build thereupon is bridging the two fields and develops a model to measur

Under lång tid var den rådande uppfattningen att ett maskeringsförbud skulle strida mot regeringsformen och Europakonventionen om skydd för de mänskliga rättigheterna. I samband med ”Göteborgskravallerna” 2001 kritiserades Polismyndighetens bristande förmåga att upprätthålla ordning och säkerhet och denna uppfattning förändrades. Den 1 januari 2006 trädde lag (2005:900) om maskeringsförbud i vissaFor a long time the prevailing opinion in Sweden was that a masking prohibition would be a too far-reaching restriction on constitutional human rights, and thus contrary to both the constitution and the European Convention on Human Rights. In the wake of the “Gothenburg riots” in 2001, massive criticism was directed at the Police Authority for not maintaining order and security, which helped chang

The aim of this study was to investigate if spatial planning is a opportunity for social sustainability in the district Rosengard in Malmo. Rosengard was included in the so called million-program, which was intended to solve the housing crisis. The results of this spatial planning made Rosengard, and many other areas included in this program, segregated areas with social problems. The questions t

För mindre och nystartade aktiebolag kan finansiering vara ett gissel, särskilt om den verksamhet som bedrivs i bolaget är kostsam eller förenad med hög finansiell risk för potentiella finansiärer. Sådan är situationen ofta i det som i folkmun kallas ”startups”, då bolagen frekvent bygger på enbart en idé eller en outvecklad produkt, och därmed utgör mycket osäkra investeringar för poten- tiella fFunding for a small or newly established limited company can be difficult, especially if the operating objective in the company is associated with high costs and high financial risks for potential financiers. This is often the case for so called “start-ups”, as these types of companies are frequently based on an idea or an undeveloped product. Investing in a start-up is very risky for pot- ential

In this thesis work, a highly linear passive attenuator and mixer were designed to be used in a wide-band Transmission Observation Receiver (TOR). The TOR is a low IF receiver that accepts RF frequencies from 2GHz to 7GHz, and produces corresponding IF bandwidths of 280MHz to 990MHz respectively, using low side LO injection. The dynamic range is maximized by using passive topologies for both the a

Understanding material behaviour has in the past enabled human development and will continue to characterize the various stages of our future development. The use of neutrons will greatly affect several research areas, such as sustainable energy production and cancer research, due to their interaction with nuclei. Neutrons will thus interact differently depending on the specific isotope, reveal in

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to analyze how iconic brands in the music industry revitalize themselves in order to increase sales by making the brand active again. Research questions: a) Why do brands have need for brand revitalization? b) What are revitalization strategies that help these ‘ageing’ music brands renew their image and positioning in the present and future? c) How has

Popular science summary: Huntington’s disease (HD) is a rare disease but more commonly found in ethnic populations belonging to Europe and North America than in those of Asian or African ancestry. This disease causes loss of neurons in different areas of the brain, that gives rise to different behavioural changes and psychological disturbances including involuntary movements and depression. The

Student housing is an ongoing and ever debated issue. Students often have to pay for inefficient square meters which are both difficult to furnish and lack function. In Helsingborg, the supply of student housing is wide but with varying quality and efficiency. Therefore, future student accommodations in Helsingborg should be carefully planned and adapted to their purpose - with more effective squa

Somatostatin cells survive in resistant epilepsy Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting approximately 1% of the world population annually. It is characterized by persistent episodes of seizures affecting either the whole brain or some parts of it. Secondary epilepsy can be resolved by treating the primary causes but idiopathic (unknown cause) epilepsy has no cure. The treatment in this cas