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The majority of the large hydro power plants in Sweden were built 1935 - 1975 and are located in a cold climate in the northern parts of Sweden. Since the power plants were designed for a service life of 50-100 years, some of them are soon to reach their estimated service life and some have already passed it. During a condition assessment to determine the status of the Porsi hydro power plant, con
Histological evaluation of tissue-engineered products, including hydrogels for cellular encapsulation, is a critical and invaluable tool for assessing the product across multiple stages of its lifecycle from manufacture to implantation. However, many tissue-engineered products are comprised of polymers and hydrogels which are not optimized for use with conventional methods of tissue fixation and h
Ungefär hälften av alla cancerpatienter genomgår strålbehandling, antingen som en enskild behandling eller i kombination med kirurgi och/eller medicinsk behandling. Vid strålbehandling används högenergetisk joniserande strålning för att bekämpa cancerceller. Strålningen orsakar skador på tumörcellernas DNA, men kan även skada friska celler. För att uppnå bästa möjliga behandlingseffekt med minsta FLASH radiotherapy (FLASH-RT) is a promising new approach to radiotherapy that has the potential to transform the field. By administering radiation at ultra-high dose rates (UHDR) on a millisecond timescale, FLASH-RT may increase normal tissue tolerance compared to conventional radiotherapy while maintaining the anti-tumoral effect. However, the short treatment times present unique physical and te
Through improved bitumen characterization, which will increase the road'sdurability, stability, and performance, pavement engineering can apply thesustainability notion that should be followed in all disciplines nowadays. The newtechniques distinguish between the rheological properties of bituminous binders as a function of loading time and temperature to depict real-world behavior rather than onl
OBJECTIVE: It is unknown how risk factors for infection after transrectal prostate biopsy interact. We designed a study to evaluate this.METHODS: We identified biopsy procedures from 2006 to 2020 in the Swedish nationwide database PCBaSe. Primary outcome was post-biopsy infection, defined as a dispensed prescription of a urinary tract antibiotic and secondary outcome was inpatient care for infecti
The rapid horizontal transmission of antibiotic resistance genes on conjugative plasmids between bacterial host cells is a major cause of the accelerating antibiotic resistance crisis. There are currently no experimental platforms for fast and cost-efficient screening of genetic effects on antibiotic resistance transmission by conjugation, which prevents understanding and targeting conjugation. We
Context Inpatients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation, warfarin prevents ischemic stroke, but dose adjustment, coagulation monitoring, and bleeding limit its use. Objective To compare the efficacy of the oral direct thrombin inhibitor ximelagatran with warfarin for prevention of stroke and systemic embolism. Design, Setting, and Participants Double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial (20002001)
Study Design. Multicenter randomized controlled trial.Objective. To compare the efficacy and safety of balloon kyphoplasty (BKP) to non-surgical management (NSM) over 24 months in patients with painful vertebral compression fractures (VCF).Summary of Background Data. Recently, several large randomized controlled trials have been conducted and reported how vertebral augmentation compares with NSM f
Despite modern advances in the treatment of head and neck cancer, the survival rate fails to improve. Considering the different treatment modalities involved, quality of life has been thought of as an additional end point criterion for use in clinical trials. A Nordic protocol to measure the quality of life of head and neck cancer patients before, during, and after treatment was established. Befor
Background and Objectives: Photodynamic therapy using 20% 5 aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) has recently been introduced as a new tool in optical skin rejuvenation. The primary objective of this study was to optimize incubation time, the topical delivery mechanism (vehicle) and the concentration of 5-ALA by detecting the dynamic changes of normal skin after 5-ALA application. The secondary objective w
Emulsification is an important unit operation used in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industry. Membrane emulsification is a relatively new membrane technology which allows the production of emulsion droplets under controlled conditions with a narrow droplet size distribution. The continuous phase flows tangentially to the membrane surface and sweeps away dispersed phase droplets forming fr
Popular Abstract in Swedish På grund av den förutspådda energi krisen som föranleds av att oljan tar slut, är det viktigt att söka efter alternativa energikällor. Att utnyttja solljuset via en artificiell fotosyntes är en intressant möjlighet. Det långsiktiga målet för forskning på detta område är att bygga molekylära och/eller fasta material som kan använda solljus för att dela vatten i dess bestDue to the predicted energy crisis when fossil fuels will be exhausted it is important to search for alternative energy sources. Utilizing sunlight via artificial photosynthesis is an interesting possibility. The long-term goal for research in this area is to design and build molecular and/or solid state systems that can use sunlight to split water and produce fuel (e.g. hydrogen). Nature tells us
Abstract The thesis aims at providing a better understanding of public policy instruments used in policy-making within the energy sector, particularly regarding their role in the change towards an increased use of renewable energy sources for generation of electricity. The research was guided by an underlying assumption that a markedly higher proportion of the energy generated from renewable sour
PURPOSE: To investigate the incidence and causes of visual impairment in children born prematurely in Finland from 1972 through 1989, and to determine what conditions and factors were associated with its occurrence. DESIGN: Retrospective, cross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: All visually impaired individuals from 0 to 17 years of age who had been born at fewer than 37 gestational weeks in Finland from
Background: Craniopharyngioma is a parasellar tumour that, although benign, tends to behave aggressively. It can occur at any age but most commonly presents in childhood or adolescence. Objectives: to investigate the frequency and severity of problems associated with craniopharyngioma, using the large international database (KIMS) for adult patients with GH deficiency (GHD), and to assess the diff
IMPORTANCE Timing of surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) in patients with aortic valve stenosis and previous stroke for the risk of recurrent stroke is insufficiently investigated. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of time elapsed between previous stroke and SAVR with the risk of recurrent perioperative stroke, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), and mortality among patients with
Background To benefit from the increasing clinical evidence, organisational changes have been among the main drivers behind the reduction of ICU mortality during the last decade. Increasing demand, costs and complexity, amplifies the need for optimisation of clinical processes and resource utilisation. Thus, multidisciplinary teamwork and critical care processes needs to be adapted to profit fro
Impulsivity is common in Parkinson's disease even in the absence of impulse control disorders. It is likely to be multifactorial, including a dopaminergic 'overdose' and structural changes in the frontostriatal circuits for motor control. In addition, we proposed that changes in serotonergic projections to the forebrain also contribute to response inhibition in Parkinson's disease, based on precli
Objectives: Atrial fibrillation has been associated with increased mortality in the general population and mixed populations of critical ill. Atrial fibrillation can also affect patients during post-cardiac arrest care. We sought to assess the prognostic implications of atrial fibrillation following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, including relation to the level of targeted temperature management.
