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Popular Abstract in Swedish Sammanfattning på svenska Den svenska nationella cancerstategin från 2009 understryker patientperspektivet och fokus ligger på själva patientprocessen. Modern bröstcancerbehandling omfattar en mer individualiserad behandling med bröstbevarande kirurgi, diagnostik av portvaktskörteln, ett ökat användande av medicinsk terapi med cellgift, antihormon samt antikroppar i såAbstract Background. The Swedish national cancer strategy programme published in 2009 emphasises the patient perspective and focuses on the patient process. Over the years the different modalities in breast cancer treatment are changing position, making accurate diagnosis and quality assurance in breast pathology even more important than before. Aims. The aim of paper I was to examine overall s

Increased nitrogen leaching from forest soils is a potential environmental problem in areas with high nitrogen deposition. In Sweden nitrogen is strongly retained in the forests, and high nitrogen leaching is not common from growing forests. However, soil water measurements on clearcuts along a deposition gradient in Sweden showed a positive correlation between increased concentration of inorganic

AIM: To explore the relationship between neuropsychological outcome and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in paediatric brain tumour patients surviving more than 10 years. BACKGROUND: Cognitive late sequelae after paediatric brain tumour have a multifactorial origin. Low age at diagnosis, cranial radiation therapy, intrathecal methotrexate treatment and increased intracranial pressure are

Background: Limited information exists on the framework and content of postgraduate education in internal medicine in Europe. This report describes the results of a survey of postgraduate training in internal medicine in the European countries. Methods: Two online questionnaire-based surveys were carried out by the European Board of Internal Medicine, one on the practice of internists and the othe

Adult neurons possess the ability to adapt to a changing environment. Loss of target-derived neurotrophic factors due to axotomy or isolation by culturing is known to induce changes in neuropeptide expression in several types of peripheral neurons. The aim of the present study was to investigate changes in the expression of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in

Context: When using the Case Method in teaching situations, problem-solving is emphasized and taught, in order to acquire the skills and later be able to apply them in new situations. The basis of the learning process is the students’ own activity in the situation and is built on critical appraisal and discussion. Objectives: To explain what the Case Method is, what it is not and to describe when

Popular Abstract in English The food we consume is hardly, if ever, sterile. From fresh produce to processed products, foods harbor one or more types of microorganisms. The presence of some ‘beneficial’ microorganisms is desirable in food production, because they contribute to the characteristics of the final product, as, for example, in the production of wine, beer or cheese. In other cases, micrControl of the dissemination of pathogens in the food production chain is an on-going process with new challenges emerging as pathogenic bacteria evolve and express enhanced virulence characteristics. Staphylococcus aureus and Listeria monocytogenes are two notorious pathogens responsible for staphylococcal food poisoning (SFP) and listeriosis: a foodborne intoxication and an infectious disease re

Results of numerical simulations are presented for flow past a stationary circular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers (Re=50-200). The simulations were carried out using a finite-volume code employing a fractional step method with second-order accuracy in both space and time. A sensitivity study on numerical parameters concerning the domain size, grid independence and time step resolution was carrie

BACKGROUND: The need for completion axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) in breast cancer patients with micrometastases in the sentinel nodes (SNs) is controversial. The aim of this retrospective observational study is to determine if the method of detection of early breast cancer is predictive for additional positive nodes in patients with micrometastases in the SNs. METHODS: Between 2001 and 20

As the identification process is based on the unique patterns of the users, biometrics technologies are expected to provide highly secure authentication systems. The existing systems using fingerprints or retina patterns are, however, very vulnerable. One's fingerprints are accessible as soon as the person touches a surface, while a high resolution camera easily captures the retina pattern. Thus,

Background: Only a few intervention studies aiming to change high-risk drinking behavior have involved university students with heredity for alcohol problems. This study evaluated the effects after 2 years on drinking patterns and coping behavior of intervention programs for students with parents with alcohol problems. Method: In total, 82 university students (57 women and 25 men, average age 25 y

The present Comite´ Europe´en de Normalisation (CEN) and International Organization for Standardization (ISO) standards for safety, protective and occupational footwear EN ISO 20344–20347 classify footwear as cold protective by a pass/fail test where the limits are set for an allowed 10 °C temperature drop inside the footwear during 30 min at a temperature gradient of ~40 °C. It is questionable if

Popular Abstract in Swedish I samband med 1990 års skattereform förändrades den allmänna inkomstskatten i grunden. Bl.a. infördes skilda skatteskalor för arbetsinkomster och kapitalinkomster. Inkomster som genereras av arbete beskattas progressivt med 45-75 % men avkastning av kapital proportionellt med 30 %. Allokering av inkomst till respektive inkomstkategori har därför stor betydelse i skattesSince the tax reform of 1990 the Swedish tax system separates earned income and capital income. On earned income such as "income from business" taxes and fees leads to a total margin tax burden that vary between 45 and 75 %. This margin effect can be compared to the 30 % proportional income tax on capital income. The allocation of income to earned income or capital income is therefore an important

Background & Aims: Human milk is believed to contain biological factors involved in the regulation of newborn growth, including brain development. Recently, it has also been shown to contain the calcium-binding S100B protein, regarded as a neurotrophic factor. The present study investigates the concentrations of this protein in colostrum, human milk at different levels of maturation and in mil

The Fra a I allergen in strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) is homologous to the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1, which has numerous isoforms differing in terms of amino acid sequence and immunological impact. To map the extent of sequence differences in the Fra a I allergen, PCR cloning and sequencing was applied. Several genomic sequences of Fra a 1, with a length of either 584, 591 or 594 nucleo

Glutathione peroxidase activity (GSHPx), total and soluble selenium in two muscles from five species were compared (chicken, duck, turkey, ostrich and lamb). The highest GSHPx activity, found in duck muscles (4.8 U/g; 3.0 U/g), was significantly higher than that in lamb (1.8 U/g; 1.4 U/g), turkey (1.2 U/g; 0.6 U/g), chicken (1.0 U/g; 0.7 U/g), and ostrich muscles (0.9 U/g; 0.8 U/g). GSHPx activiti

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the risk of serious adverse effects after radiotherapy (RT) with curative intention and radical prostatectomy (RP). Materials and methods: Men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1997 and 2012 and underwent curative treatment were selected from the Prostate Cancer data Base Sweden. For each included man, five prostate cancer-free controls,

Background: Models describing nuclear fragmentation and fragmentation fission deliver important input for planning nuclear physics experiments and future radioactive ion beam facilities. These models are usually benchmarked against data from stable beam experiments. In the future, two-step fragmentation reactions with exotic nuclei as stepping stones are a promising tool for reaching the most neut

This study evaluated the sample sizes necessary to estimate several soil and vegetation characteristics within 10% confidence intervals with 95% probability in three terra firme tropical rainforest sites. Across all three plots, the most spatially heterogeneous variables were measurements of total standing crop root mass, ground surface litter mass, litter fall, root growth and soil respiration wh