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In this work, a progress variable approach is used to model diesel spray ignition with detailed chemistry. The flow field and the detailed chemistry are coupled using the flamelet assumption. A flamelet progress variable is transported by the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code. The progress variable source term is obtained from an unsteady flamelet library that is evaluated in each grid cell.
The near zero liquid discharge (NZLD) approach, by recovering water and dissolved valuable salts, is the most attractive clean solution for the valorisation of brines from seawater desalination reverse osmosis (SWD-RO) plants. In this perspective, a key aspect is calcium removal/recovery, to avoid scaling problems in the successive advanced separation units for recovering other valuable salts. In
The article tells the modern love story of the organic grower Eduardo and the people who savor his apples. One remarkable paradigm shift when it comes to contemporary food culture is that the product’s social, political and cultural entanglements are no longer hidden from view. This new context has created platforms where producers and consumer come together to co-produce. Here, I broaden the conc
Genom en reform år 1989 infördes de nuvarande reglerna om straffmätning och påföljdsbestämning i 29 och 30 kap. brottsbalken. Enligt 29 kap. 1 § brottsbalken ska straff bestämmas inom ramen för den tillämpliga straffskalan, utifrån brottet eller den samlade brottslighetens straffvärde. En grundläggande tanke med reformen var att den skulle främja förutsebarhet och enhetlighet i rättstillämpningen.
Politiska partiers finansiering är en fråga som blir allt viktigare. I takt med att utgifterna för valkampanjer växer för varje val spelar privat bidragsgivande till partierna en allt större roll. Frågor om korruption och otillbörlig påverkan väcks ofta i sammanhanget. Hur lagstiftare väljer att reglera dessa bidrag varierar dock mellan olika länder, också inom Europa. Den här uppsatsen syftar tilThe financing of political parties is a matter of increasing importance. In step with the growing expenditures for political campaigns for each election, the contributions to political parties play a more essential role than earlier. The issue of corruption and inappropriate influence is often raised in this context. However, the way legislatures have chosen to regulate these contributions varies
This paper investigates the understanding of SDG interconnections in social, economic, and environmental sustainability towards the implementation process of Rwanda's green growth approach. Thereby this thesis contributes to the academic debate on sustainability practices in developing countries via the case of Rwanda and its special approach to home-grown solutions. Hence, the paper uses the
A linear system – one that extracts materials and then puts them in landfills and incinerates them, thus creating a demand for even more materials – is fundamentally unsustainable. Swedish waste management is thought by many to be progressive and at the forefront, when looking at the waste hierarchy. While there is a ban on landfilling non-hazardous and organic waste in Sweden, around 50% is incin
Non-communicable, or chronic, diseases (NCDs) are the major contributors to the mortality worldwide. In Ukraine, where the primary causes of deaths are chronic cardiovascular diseases, a healthcare domain suffers from insufficient financial provision, facilities and resources, and the lack of attention to social aspects of poor health conditions. The aim of this research is to explore social conse
The article examines the innovation-job quality-employment nexus in social and health care in the United Kingdom and Sweden, respectively. Through seven case studies carried out with a common methodological and analytical framework in the two countries, it shows how the constraining factors of fiscal strictures derived from budgetary regimes and chronic labor shortages have two key consequences foThe article examines the innovation-job quality-employment nexus in social and health care in the United Kingdom and Sweden, respectively. Through seven case studies carried out with a common methodological and analytical framework in the two countries, it shows how the constraining factors of fiscal strictures derived from budgetary regimes and chronic labor shortages have two key consequences fo
BACKGROUND: Public health policies and healthcare quality play a pivotal role on the health outcome level and disparities across sociodemographic groups. However, there is little evidence on their role on disparities in life expectancy (LE) and life disparity (LD) in low and middle income countries. The present study aimed to assess the contributions of avoidable mortality, as a measure of inter-s
INTRODUCTION: The prophylactic regimen in children with severe haemophilia is suggested in various publications and guidelines. Few data exist on its implementation in clinical practice.AIM: To investigate the implementation of primary prophylaxis based on real-life data from PedNet during the last 20 years.METHODS: All children from the PedNet cohort (n = 1260) with severe haemophilia A (SHA) or
The topic of this thesis is the optimal control of transportation networks. The problem studied is a dynamical extension of a classical problem in economics, in which the objective is to distribute goods to maximize welfare, whilst satisfying constraints on production and consumption. The main contribution is to show that for a class of welfare functions and dynamics, the optimal control is highlyThe topic of this thesis is the optimal control of transportation networks. The problem studied is a dynamical extension of a classical problem in economics, in which the objective is to distribute goods to maximize welfare, whilst satisfying constraints on production and consumption. The main contribution is to show that for a class of welfare functions and dynamics, the optimal control is highly
Changes in hydration status may affect myocardial native T1 and T2 values and influence the clinical interpretation. We aimed to assess the impact of acute preload augmentation on native T1 and T2. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) native T1 and T2 mapping were performed twice on the same day in 20 healthy participants before and after an acute preload augmentation by a 2-liter intravenous i
Does socially desirable responding produce exaggerated correlations between self-ratings of personality and positive psychology constructs? We operationalized social desirability as the evaluative factor, i.e. the tendency to react to evaluative content in questionnaire items and related one standard measure and one evaluatively neutralized measure of the Big Five to measures of five key positive
Membrane filtration of kraft black liquor (KBL), a side-stream of the pulp and paper industry, is challenged by membrane fouling caused by its multicomponent complexity. The specific contributions of the components found in KBL to the fouling and the characteristics of the fouling layer that they create has not been investigated. Herein, the adsorptive and desorptive behaviours of KBL ultrafiltrat
In Sweden there is a first language Swedish and minority languages such as Finnish, Tornedalen Finnish, Romany, Samian, and Yiddish. Although English is not a second language in Sweden some people suggest it should be. From the age of nine children start to learn the English language in school. English is a core subject in the school system alongside Swedish and math. In several companies it is th
Finansiell leasing är tillsammans med traditionella banklån och avbetalningsköp den vanligaste formen av extern finansiering för små- och medelstora företag i Sverige. Det är dessutom en finansieringsform som förväntas öka kraftigt i popularitet till följd av de kreditgivningsreformer som många banker tvingats genomföra efter finanskrisen 2009 samt den pågående euro- krisen. Trots detta saknas til
This master thesis was done in cooperation with the Danish district heating company, Vestegnens Kraftvarmeselskab I/S. VEKS is a transmission company supplying heat in western Copenhagen, Denmark. VEKS wanted a global analysis over the possibilities to decrease the cost and carbon dioxide emissions from purchased heat through decentralized accumulation. To cover all economical and environmental re
