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Through violence, war, and persecution millions of people are forced to cross borders to escape death. Yet, worldwide discriminatory state practices daily deny millions of forced migrants access to safe territory. Among those crossing borders are persons without the right to carry travel documents as members of a state. Most often the group of people is known as stateless refugees. Statelessness,

Understanding the nature and origin of the precursor material to terrestrial planets is key to deciphering the mechanisms and timescales of planet formation1. Nucleosynthetic variability among rocky Solar System bodies can trace the composition of planetary building blocks2–5. Here we report the nucleosynthetic composition of silicon (μ30Si), the most abundant refractory planet-building element, i

Background: Irreversible electroporation (IRE) is a local tumor treatment. Thin needles are placed percutaneously around the tumor under ultrasound guidance. Short pulses of direct current sent through the tissue irreversibly increase cell membrane permeability leading to cell death. We report a phase I study assessing the safety of ultrasound guided percutaneous IRE in patients with localized pan

Pharmaceutical companies spend hundreds of millions of pounds on marketing/R&D-related payments annually to healthcare organisations and healthcare professionals. UK pharmaceutical industry self-regulatory bodies require member companies who sign up to their code of conduct to publish details of their payments. They are also required to publish the methodologies underlying these payments, name

The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate parents’ experiences and satisfaction with family-centered care (FCC)when their child was cared for at a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). To obtain a deeper understanding of parents’experiences and satisfaction, two qualitative studies were conducted (Papers I and III). For Paper I, 10 individualinterviews were conducted two years after their

Popular Abstract in Swedish Försvarsadvokater ställs i sin praktik inför svårlösta dilemman, som har med advokat-klientförhållandet att göra. Frågan om advokaten exempelvis skall eller bör acceptera ett kontroversiellt uppdrag eller om advokaten skall eller bör följa klientens instruktioner, så länge de inte direkt strider mot lag, är sådana dilemman. Problemen har ingen riktig lösning i lag ellerDefence lawyers, in their practise, from time to time have to resolve various difficult dilemmas in connection with the client relationship, such as accepting repugnant cases or acting on questionable instructions from the client: dilemmas, which involve “hard questions” of guilt and innocence, truth and perjury. Many of these ethi-cal problems have never been subjected to interpretation in Swedis

Popular Abstract in Swedish En undersökning av alternativen särreglering allmän reglering för beskattning av fåmansaktiebolag och dess delägare m.fl. En jämförelse sker med dansk rätt som i princip saknar särregler för fåmansaktiebolag eller motsvarande. Mot bakgrund av undersökningen analyseras behovet av särregler.The purpose of this dissertation is to examine whether special taxation rules for close companies and their owners are necessary, or that taxation in accordance with the general principles of income taxation will suffice. The principles of statutory interpretation of the Supreme Administrative Court and development trends in this area are described. These trends are then examined in relation to th

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla levande varelser består av celler. En cell innehåller ett stort antal kemiska föreningar, och särskilt viktiga är proteiner och DNA. Proteiner utför många livsnödvändiga kemiska reaktioner, och DNA består av gener som beskriver hur dessa proteiner konstrueras. En gen kan vara uttryckt, så att det protein den beskriver - kodar för - tillverkas, men den kan också varLife as we know it is based on cells that use proteins and RNA to carry out metabolism, self-replication, and other essential tasks. The genes that code for these molecules are encoded in DNA, and through the processes of transcription and translation the cell expresses its genes. Some proteins are transcription factors that regulate the transcription rate of genes, so genes interact and form a ge

A gated tunnel diode has been introduced into a wave-guide oscillator circuit and the gate is used to tune the oscillation frequency and to turn the oscillator on and off. Oscillators with oscillation frequencies in the range of 9-22 GHz with a typical oscillator output power about -20 dBm have been fabricated. We found that the output power remains essentially constant over a gate bias range (abo

During the last 10 years, we have cytogenetically analyzed at diagnosis bone marrow cells from a total of 94 children with acute leukemia. Of the 78 children with acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), 53 (68%) had clonal acquired chromosome abnormalities; in the group with acute nonlymphatic leukemia (ANLL), the corresponding proportion was 13 out of 16 (81%). Among the cytogenetically abnormal ALL pati

Popular Abstract in English What is common between the science of physics and global politics? They both define power in terms of energy. Indeed, the uneven distribution of petroleum reserves has been one of the main reasons of social, political and economic problems worldwide. Even more worrying is the rapid increase in the levels of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. This is mainly caused by ouCaldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus is an extremely thermophilic, strictly anaerobic, Gram-positive and cellulolytic microorganism with a natural ability to produce hydrogen (H2) at nearly theoretical maximum yield, i.e. 4 mol/ mol of glucose. Due to its CO2-free combustion and high energy density, among other desirable properties, H2is touted as a fuel of the future. Biological H2 production b

OBJECTIVE: Pressure-volume (PV) curves are recorded after induction of complete muscle paralysis, which may limit their clinical use. The feasibility of recording PV curves without paralysis has not been tested. In 19 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and no hemodynamic instability we prospectively evaluated whether PV curves can be safely and reliably recorded under deep se

This paper presents measurement results for a low supply voltage 28 GHz beam steering PLL, designed in a SiGe bipolar process with fT = 200 GHz. The PLL, designed around a QVCO, is intended for a beam steering 81-86 GHz E-band transmitter. Linear phase control is implemented by variable current injection into a Gilbert type phase detector, with a measured nominal phase control sensitivity of 2.5˚This letter presents measurement results for a low supply voltage 28 GHz beam steering PLL, designed in a SiGe bipolar process with fT=200 GHz. The PLL, designed around a QVCO, is intended for a beam steering 81-86 GHz E-band transmitter. Linear phase control is implemented by variable current injection into a Gilbert type phase detector, with a measured nominal phase control sensitivity of 2.5 °/

This thesis investigates how the disinfection system in a medical bathtub can be im- proved with both performance and usability in mind. The current system has oppor- tunities for improvement regarding disinfectant concentration stability, sensitivity to inlet pressure variations, and the adjustment process for caregivers. Addressing these areas reduces the risk of incorrect dosing, unnecessary wa

Territorial and temporal are the civil wars in Libya and Syria relatively similar, despite the similarities, the events have given different results regarding resolutions in the Security Council. My questions are: How can you find the IR theories, realism and liberalism, in the arguments surrounding Libya and Syria in the UN Security Council? Can we find arguments that are both realistic and liber

In this thesis, we address the problem of locating a passive target using a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar with widely separated antennas (WSA). Using a WSA geometry, the spatial diversity of the transmit and receive antennas are utilized to improve the localization accuracy. First, common numerical algorithms are examined, including the Newton-Raphson (NR) method with the maximum lik

I 40 år hade Sverige en lagstiftning som möjliggjorde sterilisering utan samtycke av de som saknade rättskapacitet. 62.888 operationer utfördes under dessa år, närmare bestämt mellan 1935–1975. Frågan jag ställde mig var huruvida samtliga ingrepp genomförts som ett resultat av myndighetstvång eller ifall det även förekom frivillig sterilisering. Mellan 1935–1941 var frivillig sterilisering inte möFor almost 40 years Sweden had a legislation that made it possible for the government to sterilize individuals, who lacked legal capacity, without their consent. 62.888 operations were performed during the years 1935 to 1975. The question I asked myself was whether or not there was any form of voluntary sterilization at all during this period. Voluntary sterilization was not possible between 1935–

The first aim of this project is to make high-order harmonic (HHG) setups more compact and user-friendly, by including a micro-channel plate (MCP). Simulations of the transmission properties of an MCP has been performed. These simulations displayed introduced structure in the far field, but a very well behaved beam in the near field. Further, the wavefront of the zeroth order diffraction spot of M