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Objective: To determine the serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae associated with mucosal infections in patients of all ages, 2 to 4 years after the transition from a 10-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV10) to PCV13 in the childhood immunization programme. Methods: Background information and antimicrobial susceptibility data regarding all respirato

Burning candles release a variety of pollutants to indoor air, some of which are of concern for human health. We studied emissions of particles and gases from the stressed burning of five types of pillar candles with different wax and wick compositions. The stressed burning was introduced by controlled fluctuating air velocities in a 21.6 m3 laboratory chamber. The aerosol physicochemical properti

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a vast influence on Swedish society. Related recommen-dations and political decisions have greatly affected schools. This study aimed to describe school nurses’ experience working in Sweden during the pandemic in 2020. The study used a qualitative method with an inductive approach. Interviews with 17 school nurses in five focus groups and one individual interview were

Imbalances of blood biomarkers are associated with disease, and biomarkers may also vary non-pathologically across population groups. We described variation in concentrations of biomarkers of one-carbon metabolism, vitamin status, inflammation including tryptophan metabolism, and endothelial and renal function among cancer-free older adults. We analyzed 5167 cancer-free controls aged 40–80 years f

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) is a complex pregnancy syndrome characterised by maternal hypertension and organ damage after 20 weeks of gestation and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease later in life. Extracellular haemoglobin (Hb) and its metabolites heme and iron are highly toxic molecules and several defence mechanisms have evolved to protect the tissue. Objectives: W

Metal halide perovskites attract significant interest due to their remarkable performance in optoelectronic devices. However, the gap in understanding the relationship between their nanoscale structure and properties limits their application towards novel devices. In this work, twinned ferroelastic domains in single 500 nm CsPbBr3 particles are studied with 3D Bragg coherent x-ray diffraction imag

Background: Exposures to per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) may affect metabolic outcomes, including lipid concentrations in the blood. However, few studies have evaluated potential associations between PFASs and lipids longitudinally. Objectives: We estimated associations between PFAS and lipid concentrations at birth and at several points in childhood. Methods: We measured concentration

Summary Several factors affect the flight altitude of migratory birds, such as topography, ambient temperature, wind conditions, air humidity, predation avoidance, landmark orientation, and avoiding over-heating from direct sunlight.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 Recent tracking of migratory birds over long distances has shown that migrants change flight altitude more commonly and dramatically than previously t

PurposeSelenium has been suggested to be protective against breast cancer, but the evidence remains inconclusive. Hence, it is important to further examine the potential protective effect. This prospective cohort study investigates pre-diagnostic selenium intake in relation to breast cancer risk. In addition, we analyze serum selenium as a marker of dietary intake.MethodsThis study includes 17,035

Introduction: Iron deficiency during pregnancy is a global health problem and is associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was to evaluate the effect of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 299v (Lp299v, 1010 colony forming units), 4.2 mg iron, 12 mg ascorbic acid and 30 µg folic acid (Lp) on iron status in healthy, non-anemic, pregnant

This article is a philosophical review of school nursing and its constructs framed by Barbara Dossey’s holistic nursing theory. The author describes the application of holistic nursing theory within the school nurse’s area of activity. The review suggests that holistic nursing theory can be applied in several areas of school nursing. School nurses have a multifaceted occupation that includes meeti

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of antiretroviral drug resistance in Sub-Saharan Africa threatens the success of HIV programs. We have characterized patterns of drug resistance mutations (DRMs) during the initial year of antiretroviral treatment (ART) in HIV-positive adults receiving care at Ethiopian health centers and investigated the impact of tuberculosis on DRM acquisition.METHODS: Part

Hypothesis: The self-assembly of long tail sugar-based surfactants into worm-like micelles has recently been demonstrated, and the rheological properties of such systems have been shown to be tuneable through subtle modifications of the molecular characteristics of the surfactant monomer. In particular, the anomeric configuration of the hexadecylmaltoside headgroup was shown to induce profound cha

Contemporary evidence suggests that climate change and other co-occurring large-scale environmental changes, such as eutrophication, will have a considerable impact on aquatic communities. However, the interactions of these environmental changes on trophic interactions among zooplankton remain largely unknown. Here we present results of a mesocosm experiment examining how a couple of zooplankton p

Background and purpose: Up-to-date population-based information about long-term survival, causes of death and recurrence after stroke is needed. Methods: Four hundred consecutive individuals in a population-based cohort of first-ever stroke between 2015 and 2016 in Lund, Sweden, were followed up to 3 years regarding (i) survival (Swedish Population Register); (ii) causes of death (Swedish Causes o

Objectives: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) often display modest elevations of C-reactive protein (CRP) despite raised disease activity and increased interleukin (IL-) 6. We asked to what extent IL-6 levels, the CRP polymorphism rs1205, and the type I interferon (IFN) gene signature affects the basal CRP levels in patients with SLE during a quiescent phase of the disease. Methods:

AIM Enterococci cause 2-11% of all prosthetic joint infections (PJI) and are generally considered difficult to treat. However, study-results are not consistent. In this study we present a population-based case series of 55 cases with enterococcal PJI, investigating treatment and outcome, as well as describing the affected patient population regarding demography and co-morbidities. METHODS We ident

Summary: Frailty reflects an accelerated health decline. Frailty is a consequence of fracture and contributes to fracture. Greater frailty was associated with higher fracture risk. Frail women were at immediate risk (within 24 months) of a hip or major fracture. Fracture prevention could be improved by considering frailty status. Introduction: Frailty encompasses the functional decline in multiple

Efficient and robust control strategies can greatly contribute to the reliability of fuel cell systems, and a stable output voltage is a key criterion for evaluating a fuel cell system's reliability as a power source. In this study, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) system model is developed, and its performances under different operating conditions are studied. Then two different novel contr