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Entanglement engines are autonomous quantum thermal machines designed to generate entanglement from the presence of a particle current flowing through the device. In this work, we investigate the functioning of a two-qubit entanglement engine beyond the steady-state regime. Within a master equation approach, we derive the time-dependent state, the particle current, as well as the associated curren

We present a novel method that provides a measurement of DNA pressure in viral capsids using small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). This method, unlike our previous assay, does not require triggering genome release with a viral receptor. Thus, it can be used to determine the existence of a pressurized genome state in a wide range of virus systems, even if the receptor is not known, leading to a bett

Inflammation and autoimmunity are known as central processes in many skin diseases, including psoriasis. It is therefore important to develop pre-clinical models that describe disease-related aspects to enable testing of pharmaceutical drug candidates and formulations. A widely accepted pre-clinical model of psoriasis is the imiquimod (IMQ)-induced skin inflammation mouse model, where topically ap

PDE5 inhibitors was reported to play a protective role in both regulating lipid metabolism and reducing heart failure (HF). This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness of PDE5 inhibitors against hyperlipidemia-related HF by combining evidence from population-based study and animal models. The nationwide cohort study found that post-diagnostic use of PDE5 inhibitors was associated with a signific

Background and objective: We investigated whether adding 4Kscore as a reflex test to prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could improve the screening algorithm for prostate cancer (PC). Methods: In the GÖTEBORG-2 PC screening trial, 38 000men (50–60 yr) were invited to PSA testing and, if elevated, followed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For 571 men with PSA ≥3.0 ng/ml and evaluable outcomes, 4Ks

Nano-scale chemical inhomogeneity in surface oxide films formed on a V- and N-containing martensite stainless steel and tempering heating induced changes are investigated by a combination of synchrotron- based hard X-ray Photoelectron emission spectroscopy (HAXPES) and microscopy (HAXPEEM) as well as microscopic X-ray absorption spectroscopy (μ-XAS) techniques. The results reveal the inhomogeneity

The effects of defects in In0.47Ga0.53As/Al2O3/Ni metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) stacks at cryogenic temperatures are investigated. The MOS stacks exhibit a hysteresis in the capacitance-voltage (CV) curve, both at room temperature and at 100K, indicating the presence of effective charge capture/emission dynamics in the oxide even at cryogenic temperatures. Border traps (BTs) in the Al2O3 close t

Solid-liquid interfaces are at the heart of a wide variety of phenomena. Their investigation requires experimental techniques with surface sensitivity such scanning probe microscopy and nonlinear optical techniques. In recent years, solid-liquid interfaces have been investigated with a novel approach based on the generation of high frequency acoustic and optical phonons. Due to the sensitivity of

While the management of pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved over the last decades, the risk of maternal, foetal, and neonatal complications is still substantial. We evaluated the occurrence of adverse pregnancy outcomes (APO) occurring in 2002-2018 among patients with SLE from the catchment area of the Department of Rheumatology in Lund, Sweden. Longitudinal clin

Prediabetes is a state of glycaemic dysregulation below the diagnostic threshold of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Globally, ~352 million people have prediabetes, of which 35–50% develop full-blown diabetes within five years. T2D and its complications are costly to treat, causing considerable morbidity and early mortality. Whether prediabetes is causally related to diabetes complications is unclear. Here

Results on integration of InAs on W films through template assisted selective epitaxy are presented. The InAs crystals are analysed using SEM, electron beam backscattering and in-situ electrical measurements. A high yield of single crystalline InAs can be obtained for certain template diameters and pitches which demonstrates that this is a viable route to integrate III-V semiconductors in the back

Background: Smoking has shown interactions with bladder cancer (BC) genetic variants, especially N-acetyltransferase-2 (NAT2), a tobacco smoke metabolism gene, on BC risk. The interactions by disease aggressiveness are unknown. Methods: We investigated the interaction between smoking and 18 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for BC, individually and in a genetic risk score (GRS), on urothelial

With air-photonics THz platform, we investigated photo-induced carrier dynamics of single and multilayer 2D perovskite single crystals. Interesting novel features and physics are revealed with effective conductivity spectrum up to 12 THz and 40-fs time resolution.

The high stability and conductivity of 3,4-disubstituted polythiophenes such as poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) make them attractive candidates for commercial applications. However, next-generation nanoelectronic devices require novel macromolecular strategies for the pre-cise synthesis of advanced polymer structures as well as their arrangement. In this report, we present a synthetic rou

BACKGROUND: Brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulates brain health and cognition, which can interfere with executive cognitive function. BDNF was implicated with microcirculatory ischemia and may reflect cardiomyocyte injury. We aimed to determine whether prospective changes (%Δ) in BDNF and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) will be associated with executive cognitive function in a bi-ethnic coho

DN DEBATT 15/3. Sedan industrialiseringens början har vi använt omkring fyra femtedelar av den mängd fossilt kol som får förbrännas för att vi ska klara Parisavtalet. Vi har bara en femtedel kvar och det är bråttom att kraftigt reducera utsläppen. Det har Greta Thunberg och de strejkande ungdomarna förstått. Därför stödjer vi deras krav, skriver 270 klimatforskare.

Nanoscale systems coupled to superconducting circuits offer a platform to study a variety of research questions ranging from more fundamental investigations on the quantum nature of light interacting with matter to more application-oriented ones such as quantum computing and communication. These hybrid systems have thus gained a great deal of attention in the community in the recent years and have

We theoretically investigate elementary excitations of dipolar quantum gases across the superfluid to supersolid phase transition in a toroidal trap. We show how decoupled first sound, second sound, and Higgs modes emerge by following their origin from superfluid modes across the transition. The structure of these excitations reveals the interplay between crystal and superfluid oscillations. Our r

Objectives: This study aimed to clinically validate the six-gene prognostic molecular clinical risk score (MCRS) for the prediction of aggressive prostate cancer in diagnostic biopsy tissue. Methods: MCRS was evaluated in prostate biopsy tissue from a Swedish cohort of men with prostate cancer (UPCA, n = 100). The primary outcome of adverse pathology and secondary outcomes of high primary Gleason