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High-quality diets have been increasingly acknowledged as a promising candidate to counter the growing prevalence of mental health disorders. This study aims to investigate the prospective associations of adhering to the EAT-Lancet reference diet with incident depression, anxiety and their co-occurrence in 180,446 UK Biobank participants. Degrees of adherence to the EAT-Lancet diet were translated
Background: One of the most profound transitions in healthcare trajectories is when a person turns 18 years old and transfers from child to adult healthcare.Methods: We included all children and adolescents living in Skåne in 2014 and turning 18 years old during the study period. The ID cohort (n=2 072) comprised those with diagnosis of ID and/or service and support for people with ID, and the gen
Salivary amylase initiates the digestion of starch and it has been hypothesized that salivary amylase may play a role in the development of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The aim was to examine the interaction between copy number variation in the salivary amylase gene AMY1 and starch intake. We studied 3,624 adults without diabetes or elevated blood glucose in the Malmö Diet Cancer cohort
We tested whether pregnant and non-pregnant women differ in COVID-19 symptom profile and severity, and we extended previous investigations on hospitalized pregnant women to those who did not require hospitalization. Two female community-based cohorts (18–44 years) provided longitudinal (smartphone application, N = 1,170,315, n = 79 pregnant tested positive) and cross-sectional (web-based survey, N
Epidemiological studies consistently show that circulating sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels are lower in type 2 diabetes patients than non-diabetic individuals, but the causal nature of this association is controversial. Genetic studies can help dissect causal directions of epidemiological associations because genotypes are much less likely to be confounded, biased or influenced by disea
Only a small fraction of the peptides inside a cell are eventually presented by HLA-I on the cell surface. The presented peptides have HLA-I allomorph-specific motifs and length restrictions. Tapasin influences HLA-I antigen presentation both qualitatively and quantitatively to different degrees depending on both peptide sequence and HLA-I allomorph. The tapasin-dependence in cellular context has
The maintenance of H3K9 and DNA methylation at imprinting control regions (ICRs) during early embryogenesis is key to the regulation of imprinted genes. Here, we reveal that ZFP57, its cofactor KAP1, and associated effectors bind selectively to the H3K9me3-bearing, DNA-methylated allele of ICRs in ES cells. KAP1 deletion induces a loss of heterochromatin marks at ICRs, whereas deleting ZFP57 or DN
Body fat distribution is a heritable trait and a well-established predictor of adverse metabolic outcomes, independent of overall adiposity. To increase our understanding of the genetic basis of body fat distribution and its molecular links to cardiometabolic traits, here we conduct genome-wide association meta-analyses of traits related to waist and hip circumferences in up to 224,459 individuals
Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was long cast as a hematopoiesis villain, driving bone marrow and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) suppression. We now see that TNF's effects are cell type-, context-, and time-dependent. Rather than being simply "bad," TNF can prune progenitors while transiently reprogramming HSCs without sacrificing long-term regenerative capacity.
BACKGROUND Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and clonal cytopenia of undetermined significance (CCUS) are defined by somatic mutations in genes associated with myeloid neoplasms (MN) at a variant allele fraction (VAF) of 0.02 or greater in the absence and presence of cytopenia, respectively. CHIP/CCUS is highly prevalent in adults, and defining predictors of MN risk would aid
Background: Breast cancer polygenic risk scores (PRS) and traditional risk models (e.g., the Gail model [Gail]) are known to contribute largely independent information, but it is unclear how the overlap varies by ancestry, age, disease type (invasive breast cancer, DCIS), and risk threshold. Methods: In a retrospective case–control study, we evaluated risk prediction performance in 180,398 women (
Hedgehog (Hh) signaling is essential for embryonic development and tissue homeostasis in organisms. However, Caenorhabditis elegans lacks canonical Hh signaling due to the absence of key components, such as smoothened (SMO) and obvious Hh ligands. Despite this, C. elegans retains Patched homologs, ptc-1 and ptc-3, which have specialized independent functions. Although ptc-1 is predominantly ex
Taurine, an amino sulfonic acid abundant in seafood and meat, has been proposed to have a potential role in the prevention of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the association between dietary taurine intake and MASLD remains unclear in human populations. Also, data on dietary taurine intake among adult
Background: Standardized definitions of autoimmune disease (AD) are lacking. Therefore, we aim to propose a definition of AD for register-based research and estimate the burden of AD in Sweden as registered in the National Patient Register (NPR) from 1980 to 2023. Methods: Leveraging the NPR, we defined AD as having at least two relevant International Classification of Diseases (ICD) codes represe
