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The transitions to a low carbon and sustainable society are urgent, but at the current level and pace of action there is a significant risk we will escalate and exceed the goals of the Paris Climate Agreement and fail to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. By engaging cities, we can build momentum around bottom-up interconnected actions and accelerate societal and technological transitions.

The temperature increase that occurs during running of a polymer gear pair can be divided into two components: the nominal and flash temperatures. The latter denotes the short-term temperature increase that takes place during a gear meshing cycle. A thorough analysis of the flash temperature yields an insight into the heat dissipation process, which also determines the nominal temperature increase

The robust engineering seeks for design of products and processes insensitive to changes in the work environment and to the variation of the components. The robust process has built-in mechanisms to detect potential errors on time, to eliminate them and to initiate all the necessary measures to ensure the same error does not occur again. One-of-a-kind production is characterised by unique products

The paper presents an application of job process planning and scheduling into the production of turned parts. Both planning and scheduling are controlled by the genetic algorithm (GA) approach in order to achieve optimum plans. Genetic algorithms are one of the artificial intelligence methods. With GA we are searching in an iterative manner for possible schedules taking into account the limitation

Purpose: The European Union Driver License Committee recently developed a questionnaire as a screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) named the European Obstructive Sleep Apnea Screening (EUROSAS) questionnaire for drivers. We sought to address the reliability of the Turkish version of this questionnaire. Methods: The EUROSAS was translated into Turkish. Using a “test-retest approach”, dat

Neuro-electronic interfaces, which can be used for stable communication between neurons-computers over long periods of time, would be valuable for understanding and interacting with the nervous system. A major challenge has been to overcome the tissue reactions towards implanted electrodes. Flexible microelectrodes that cause less implantation injury and which can follow the micromotions of the br

Background: We hypothesized that cannulation strategy in venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) could play a crucial role in the perioperative survival of patients affected by postcardiotomy shock. Methods: Between January 2010 and March 2018, 781 adult patients receiving VA-ECMO for postcardiotomy shock at 19 cardiac surgical centers were retrieved from the Postcardiotomy Veno

This paper presents a novel methodology to in-vivo estimate the elastic constants of a constitutive model proposed to characterize the mechanical behavior of the breast tissues. An iterative search algorithm based on genetic heuristics was constructed to in-vivo estimate these parameters using only medical images, thus avoiding invasive measurements of the mechanical response of the breast tissues

Pulmonary arterial hypertension and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension are rare conditions that require complex interventions by multidisciplinary teams. The European Society of Cardiology (ESC)/the European Respiratory Society (ERS) 2015 guidelines included recommendations for pulmonary hypertension (PH) referral centers including minimum number of patients, staff, facilities, and netw

Purpose: The use of optical surface systems (OSSs) for patient setup verification in external radiation therapy is increasing. To manage potential deformations in a patient’s anatomy, a novel deformable image registration (DIR) tool has been applied in a commercial OSS. In this study we investigate the accuracy of the DIR as compared to rigid image registration (RR). Methods and Materials: The pos

Formalised knowledge systems, including universities and research institutes, are important for contemporary societies. They are, however, also arguably failing humanity when their impact is measured against the level of progress being made in stimulating the societal changes needed to address challenges like climate change. In this research we used a novel futures-oriented and participatory appro

The problem of equivalence in terms of multistability properties between gene regulatory network models of different dimensionality has been recently addressed by Schittler et al.(2013). The authors in that work proposed construction rules for a high-dimensional dynamical system, when given a low-dimensional dynamical system and the high-dimensional network structure. However, the proof therein wa

Whole exome and whole genome sequencing are increasingly being offered to patients in the clinical setting. Yet, the question of whether, and to what extent, unsolicited findings (UF) and/or secondary findings (SF) should be returned to patients remains open and little is known about how diagnostic consent forms address this issue. We systematically identified consent forms for diagnostic genomic

A severe water scarcity challenge is facing Iraq, which is predominantly due to the absence of water management policies, negatively impacting the water quantity and quality provision from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. Moreover, these practices have led to the intrusion of the Arabian Gulf salinity wedge into the Shatt Al-Arab River (SAR), which is the main water source for most water treatment