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Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka hur Europeiska Unionens (EU) lagstiftning avseende saluföring av utsäde av köksväxter påverkar mångfalden av växtgenetiska resurser samt att utreda potentiella förbättringsförslag till den nuvarande lagstiftningen. EU:s utsädeslagstiftning består främst av direktiv 2002/55 som anger att enbart certifierat utsäde från registrerade sorter får saluföras i EU The main purpose of this essay is to investigate how the European Union’s (EU) vegetable seed marketing legislation affects the diversity of plant genetic resources and to examine possible improvement to further this diversity. The EU seed legislation consists of directive 2002/551 which provides that only certified seeds from registered varieties may be sold in the EU, and of directive 2009/1452.

In recent years, experimental studies on gender assignment to borrowings in languages such as German and Dutch have observed variation in gender assignment in relation to dialectal areas, among other factors. However, many issues related to gender assignment have yet to be fully understood, and the sociolinguistic variation has not been properly investigated. The objective of the present study is

Based on historical data and facts, China have long been a rich country to the global extent, China’s economic growth has been remarkable during the last few decades; during which, from what I see, the innovation boom after its opening to the world (ever since the end of 20th century) had played significant role during the process. In this paper, I will test my hypothesis in a quantitative way to

The importance of entrepreneurship in our society is the way it stimulate the markets through alertness to opportunities, and being creational of new opportunity-ideas. However, entrepreneurship is usually constrained by normative, regulative and cognitive mechanisms that enforces and forms the basis on which the entrepreneur operates. This leads us to the primary question of this thesis: to ident

Popular Abstract in Swedish Alla levande organismer består av celler som tillsammans med molekyler generellt kallade extracellulär matrix bildar en vävnad. Celler innehåller fyra huvudgrupper av byggstenar: socker, fettsyror, aminosyror och nukleotider, vilka i tur och ordning bildar kolhydrater, fetter, proteiner och nukleinsyror. I vävnaderna pågår en ständig omsättning av byggstenarna och molek

In search for remedies and treatments, science has recurred to Mother Nature. This is where galiellalactone was found, a fungal metabolite isolated from Galiella rufa in 1990. Since then chemists and biologists have been studying its properties and found it to be a potential candidate against castration-resistance prostate cancer (CRPC). The development of a new drug requires many studies of the c

Popular Abstract in English Uganda is one of the youngest nations in the world. Majority of youth in Uganda are growing up in rapidly urbanizing and globalized environments that are characterized by changing social controls and breakdown of traditional norms. However, the youth still continue to face widespread poverty, high levels of unemployment, and have limited access to educational opportunitThe growing incidence and prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among young people, particularly HIV, is a public health concern in Uganda. There is increasing evidence that Ugandan youth engage in risky sexual behaviors, transactional sex, and experience sexual coercion. Most research on sexual behaviors has been limited to inter- and intra-personal factors that influence sexual behaviors

Time constants in spiking neural networks (SNNs) are crucial for determining performance. While prior work shows that learning time constants can improve accuracy, it typically assumes near-optimal initial values and rarely examines recovery from poor initializations. We systematically study how membrane and synaptic time constants affect SNN performance using multiple training strategies. Our res

Combination treatment has proven effective for patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia, exemplifying the importance of therapy targeting multiple components of oncogenic regulation for a successful outcome. However, recent studies have shown that the mutational complexity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) precludes the translation of molecular targeting into clinical success. Here as a complement

Today’s scientific texts are complex and multimodal. Due to new technology, the number of images is increasing, as is their diversity and complexity. Interaction with complex texts and visualisations becomes a challenge. How can we help readers and learners achieve multimodal literacy? We use data from the audio description of a popular scientific journal and think- aloud protocols to uncover knowToday’s scientific texts are complex and multimodal. Due to new technology, the number of images is increasing, as is their diversity and complexity. Interaction with complex texts and visualisations becomes a challenge. How can we help readers and learners achieve multimodal literacy? We use data from the audio description of a popular scientific journal and think-aloud protocols to uncover knowl

I den offentlege debatten om høgare utdanning er undervisarane påfallande fråverande. Dei sterkaste stemmene tilhøyrar politikarane, studentane, institusjonsleiarane og pedagogane. Når undervisarane melder seg på er det oftast i ein klagesong over høgt arbeidspress, krevjande studentar og mangel på tid og ressursar til forsking. Kvifor oppfattar brorparten av undervisarar i hI den offentlege debatten om høgare utdanning er undervisarane påfallande fråverande. Dei sterkaste stemmene tilhøyrar politikarane, studentane, institusjonsleiarane og pedagogane. Når undervisarane melder seg på er det oftast i ein klagesong over høgt arbeidspress, krevjande studentar og mangel på tid og ressursar til forsking. Kvifor oppfattar brorparten av undervisarar i h

Microfluidics is a field which has the potential to revolutionize medical diagnostics. The ability to sort and analyse cells by the use of portable handheld devices has the potential to enable sensitive devices for point-of-care diagnostics. This could play a major role in diagnosis of a wide range of diseases which are prevalent in remote areas in developing countries where a majority of the peop

Skogsekosystemet är ett av de viktigaste ekosystemen på jorden. Skogen förser oss med mycket som vi har nytta av, vilket numera ofta kallas ekosystemtjänster. Skogen reglerar och förser oss med många viktiga ekosystemtjänster, till exempel biodiversitet, skydd av mark och vatten, tillförsel av fiber, bränsle och andra skogsprodukter, klimatreglering samt sociokulturella värden och tjänster. ArealeThe forest ecosystem provides and regulates many important ecosystem services, such as soil and water protection, timber production, and climate regulation. It has been influenced by changes induced by humans, for example, our increasing demand for timber and bioenergy, the increase in nitrogen (N) deposition and CO2 concentrations due to industrialization, and climate change which has caused an i

This article argues that, as individuals are already applying for refugee status in the context of disasters and climate change, a robust understanding of why disasters happen and how different groups are affected, combined with a principled methodology for determining such claims, are critical aspects of the anxious scrutiny that each claim should receive. The limitations of the “hazards” paradig

BACKGROUND: There are important unmet clinical needs to develop cell enrichment technologies to enable unbiased label-free isolation of both single cell and clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) manifesting heterogeneous lineage specificity. Here, we report a pilot study based on the microfluidic acoustophoresis enrichment of CTCs using the CellSearch CTC assay as a reference modality.METHODS