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Background: Most in vitro studies of potential osteoarthritis (OA) therapies have used cartilage monocultures, even though synovium is a key player in mediating joint inflammation and, thereby, cartilage degeneration. In the case of interleukin-1 (IL-1) inhibition using its receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra), like chondrocytes, synoviocytes also express IL-1 receptors that influence intra-articular IL-1

Incretin-based therapy is associated with low risk of hypoglycemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) possibly due to its glucose-dependency in stimulating insulin secretion and a sustained glucagon response during hypoglycemia. This is of special relevance when it is combined with insulin or given to elderly patients since both insulin therapy and high age are associated with impaired glucagon co

Introduction: The demographic changes with population ageing and a rapidly growing share of very old peoplewill put an increasing pressure on the health and social care system. In order to both restrict early retirement and force people to extend their working life reforms are changing pension systems in many European countries. Besides that older people have to extend their working life it is imp

IMPORTANCE The positron emission tomography (PET) tracer [18F]flortaucipir allows in vivo quantification of paired helical filament tau, a core neuropathological feature of Alzheimer disease (AD), but its diagnostic utility is unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the discriminative accuracy of [18F]flortaucipir for AD vs non-AD neurodegenerative disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS In this cross-

Background: The Influenza – Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe (I-MOVE/I-MOVE+) and Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies (VEBIS) hospital networks have conducted seasonal multicentre, test-negative, case–control studies in Europe to measure influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) since 2015/16. We measured the effect of chronic conditions on VE of influenza A subtypes among older

Background: Disorders affecting the nervous system are diverse and include neurodevelopmental disorders, late-life neurodegeneration, and newly emergent conditions, such as cognitive impairment following COVID-19. Previous publications from the Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor Study estimated the burden of 15 neurological conditions in 2015 and 2016, but these analyses did not i

Before performing 177Lu-DOTATATE therapy for neuroendocrine tumors, somatostatin receptor (SSTR) PET imaging is currently used to confirm sufficient tumor SSTR expression, but it also has potential to be used to personalize treatment by predicting absorbed doses to critical organs. This study aims to validate the predictive capability of SSTR PET in anticipating renal absorbed dose in the first cy

Evidence from neuropathological cohorts indicates that a CSF α-synuclein (α-syn) seed amplification assay (SAA) might provide quantitative kinetic parameters correlating with α-syn pathology burden in patients with Lewy body disease (LBD). Studies are needed to assess their longitudinal trend during the presymptomatic and clinical disease phases and their correlation with measures of disease progr

Importance Women with adverse pregnancy outcomes have higher subsequent cardiovascular risks, but their long-term risk of atrial fibrillation (AF) and potential causality are unclear. A better understanding of such risks is needed to identify women with high risk early in life and guide interventions to prevent AF and its complications. Objective To determine long-term risks of AF associated with

Importance: Traditional adoption studies examine disorder-to-disorder parent-offspring transmission. The role of parental genetic risk in offspring disorder transmission can capture indirect genetic effects from parental genotype to parental phenotype to offspring risk. Objective: To assess the relative importance of genetic and rearing effects from paternal family genetic risk scores (FGRSs) in 3

Background Pulmonary nodules (PNs) are clinically challenging because differentiation between benign and malignant PNs is not possible at CT detection; recurring CT examinations and invasive procedures are often required in PN follow-up. Purpose To investigate PN prevalence in a middle-aged population and the risk factors associated with these nodules. Materials and Methods In this secondary analy

Blood biomarkers have the potential to revolutionize Alzheimer's disease diagnosis, offering advantages over CSF and PET due to their accessibility, scalability and cost-effectiveness. This study evaluated the effectiveness of individual plasma biomarkers, such as phosphorylated Tau (pTau) 217, as well as biomarker combinations, with a focus on the pTau 217/β-Amyloid (Aβ) 1–42 ratio to predict amy

I denna rapport redovisas populationstrender för 208 svenska fågelarter för olika långa tidsperioder. Fåglarna har räknats vinter, vår och sommar enligt strikt standardiserade metoder. Sommarrespektive vinterpunktrutter har räknats sedan 1975, i huvudsak i södra Sverige. Standardrutterna räknas också på sommaren (sedan 1996) men täcker hela Sverige på ett representativt sätt. Nattaktiva fåglar harWe present the results of the Swedish Bird Survey, run by the Department of Biology, Lund University, as a part of the National Monitoring Programme of the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency. The results for 2017 include data from: 575 winter point counts in 2016/2017 (42nd winter), of which 284 were carried out during the Christmas/New Year count, 223 summer point count routes (43rd year) an

Importance: Prognostication of neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest is an important but challenging aspect of patient therapy management in critical care units. Objective: To determine whether serum neurofilament light chain (NFL) levels can be used for prognostication of neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest. Design, Setting and Participants: Prospective clinical biobank study of data from t

Background: The relationship between dyslipidemia, inflammation and CV organ damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex. Insulin resistance and inflammatory cytokines interleukins (ILs) increase plasma triglycerides (TG). ILs also up-regulate expression of matrix-metalloproteinases (MMPs) that, together with TG, decrease high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) levels. High TG, low HDL

OBJECTIVE: To study the pharmacodynamics of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid against different strains of Haemophilus influenzae in an in vitro kinetic model. The concentrations used corresponded to human serum levels obtained after 875 mg amoxicillin/clavulanic acid given b.i.d., 500/125 mg amoxicillin/clavulanic acid given t.i.d. and those obtained with a pharmacokinetically enhanced formulation cont

Objectives Biologic agents have dramatically changed treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). To date only scarce head-To-head data exist especially when the biological therapies are given as monotherapy without concomitant disease modifying drugs (DMARDs). Thus the objective of the current study is to evaluate treatment response of all available biological therapies with special focus on utility (

Context. X-ray extragalactic surveys are ideal laboratories for the study of the evolution and clustering of active galactic nuclei (AGN). Usually, a combination of deep and wide surveys is necessary to create a complete picture of the population. Deep X-ray surveys provide the faint population at high redshift, while wide surveys provide the rare bright sources. Nevertheless, very wide area surve

Background: Endometriosis and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have similar symptoms, pathogenesis, and risk factors. These diagnoses often coexist and are frequently misdiagnosed leading to diagnostic delays. This study of a population-based cohort aimed to investigate associations relating to endometriosis and IBS and to compare gastrointestinal symptoms between endometriosis and IBS. Method: The