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Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) packages its micrometers-long double-stranded DNA genome into a nanometer-scale protein shell, termed the capsid. Upon confinement within the capsid, neighboring DNA strands experience repulsive electrostatic and hydration forces as well as bending stress associated with the tight curvature required of packaged DNA. By osmotically suppressing DNA release from HS
A body of evidence points towards a close connection between susceptibility to fractures and osteoporosis. The incidence of osteoporotic fractures, both in absolute figures and in age-specific figures, has increased worldwide throughout this century. Although some reports show that the age-specific incidence is levelling-off, there will be a continuously increasing number of individuals with such
There are plenty of books and articles on research methods, but few discuss the nature and purpose of method sections in academic journals. Based on interviews with critical and interpretivist researchers, this short paper examines the nature and purpose of method sections in management and organization studies. We show how researchers make sense of, and struggle with, positivist expectations abou
Avdelningen arbetar med att skapa hållbara strukturer, processer och styrdokument inom processområdet vid Lunds universitet och är ett stöd till universitetsledningen i arbetsgivarpolitiska ställningstaganden. Avdelningen vägleder, utbildar och genomför insatser inom avdelningens kompetensområde: förhandling, avtal, individuell och kollektiv arbetsrätt och omställning utifrån gällande regelverk.The Division works on creating sustainable structures, processes and regulatory documents within its process area at Lund University and acts as support for the University Management regarding decision-making in employer policy matters. The Division provides guidance and training, and carries out initiatives in its area of expertise: negotiations, agreements, individual and collective labour law,
Objective: To investigate the association between the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) cognitive factors and cognition assessed by neuropsychological tests. Method: Ninety patients with a psychotic illness, the majority having a schizophrenia diagnosis, were assessed with PANSS ratings and tested by a comprehensive computerized neuropsychological test battery, EuCog. Results: Test perf
The levels and conformers of alpha-synuclein are critical in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease and related synucleinopathies. Homeostatic mechanisms in protein degradation and secretion have been identified as regulators of alpha-synuclein at different stages of its intracellular trafficking and transcellular propagation. Here we review pathways involved in the removal of various forms of al
It is of paramount importance that software reliability requirements not only can be formulated, but also enforced and evaluated before accepting a software product for release. This requires sound acceptance criteria for software, which implies that methods for evaluating the software reliability are needed during the testing phase. Thus, theoretical models which are practically applicable are ne
Given a directed graph as input, we show how to efficiently find a shortest (directed, simple) cycle on an even number of vertices. As far as we know, no polynomial-time algorithm was previously known for this problem. In fact, finding any even cycle in a directed graph in polynomial time was open for more than two decades until Robertson, Seymour, and Thomas (Ann. of Math. (2) 1999) and, independ
Since the energy required in the paper drying process gives rise to substantial costs for the paper producing companies, it is of great interest to reduce the input of primary energy resources to the dryer. Either process changes or further heat recovery can be employed. A simulation tool was developed, using the programming tool Extend, with the aim to accurately describe the energy use and costs
Robert Alexy’s theory of legal argumentation is among the notable contributions made to mainstream jurisprudence in the last three decades. Remaining true to its rational discursive mission, it engages with both analytical positivism and natural law theories. A recent collection of essays edited by George Pavlakos explores Alexy’s theory from a number of philosophical standpoints, revealing its th
An insight into the proteome status of today is presented, covering aspects of market values, new scientific literature sources, new technology initiatives and future developments. The authors give a personal view of the importance and the expected progress of microtechnology in proteome research. The background to some of the fundamental analytical technologies where for example, chromatography h
The most unfavourable orientation of a straight crack of given length is investigated, assuming mode I growth. It is shown that this orientation is not always the one perpendicular to the largest principal stress. If the smallest in-plane principal stress is compressive and its magnitude more than about one third of the largest (tensile) in-plane stress, then some other orientations are more unfav
