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In this thesis, we explore the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) algorithm, the Plug & Play (PnP) algorithm and consensus equilbrium in order to understand their importance for solving complex imaging problems. We begin by motivating the invention of ADMM which combines the strengths of dual ascent and the method of multipliers. A proof of convergence for ADMM is then provided
The growing use of economic sanctions as a foreign policy tool has intensi-fied legal and political tensions in the international trade system. This trend has been particularly pronounced following the expansion of the United States’ (U.S.) secondary sanctions with extraterritorial reach, and in response to major geopolitical events, including the U.S. withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan
The Gaia space observatory has produced astrometric measurements of extraordinary precision, enabling detection of exoplanets through the reflex motion of their host stars. With Gaia Data Release 4 (DR4) scheduled for December 2026, which will include full epoch astrometry, methods for orbital parameter recovery are needed. This work presents a Bayesian Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) framework fo
BOADICEA is a comprehensive risk prediction model for breast and/or ovarian cancer (BC/OC) and for carrying pathogenic variants (PVs) in cancer susceptibility genes. In addition to BRCA1 and BRCA2, BOADICEA version 6 includes PALB2, CHEK2, ATM, BARD1, RAD51C and RAD51D. To validate its predictions for these genes, we conducted a retrospective study including 2033 individuals counselled at clinical
Motivational strategies are underresearched, and studies so far conducted have been in sociolinguistic contexts where English is not extensively encountered outside the classroom. Given also that little is known about strategies relating to the design and content of classroom activities, the purpose of this study is to identify and critically evaluate strategies focusing on activity design and con
Malnutrition is the most common comorbidity during the continuum of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and negatively impacts clinical outcomes, response to therapy, quality of life, and costs. The intensive conditioning regimen administered before transplant causes inflammatory damages to the gastrointestinal system, which themselves contribute to trigger graft versus host disease (GvHD) i
Colorectal cancer (CRC), one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the western world, is the third most common cancer for both men and women. As a heterogeneous disease, colon cancer (CC) is caused by both genetic and epigenetic changes. The prognosis for CRC is affected by a variety of features, including late diagnosis, lymph node and distant metastasis. The cysteinyl leukotrienes (C
In 2009, the BergaåsenWater Supply Scheme was put into operation to ensure the future drinking water supply of two municipalities in southern Sweden. Bergaåsen replaced two vulnerable water treatment plants. It was implemented in an environment that was characterized by sensitive recipients and limited access to water. This article aims to analyze how strategies were developed to meet sustainabili
This article examines reports of physical punishment at the national Swedish Boy Scout camp Åvatyr in 1950. The Swedish newspapers Dagens Nyheter and Expressen described the events in terms of bullying and violence, while the camp directors declared that the reports were merely exaggerated accounts of innocent pranks and practical jokes. This article draws information from newspaper articles, Scou
Objectives: To determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence rates of infection and islet autoimmunity in children at risk for type 1 diabetes. Methods: 1050 children aged 4 to 7 months with an elevated genetic risk for type 1 diabetes were recruited from Germany, Poland, Sweden, Belgium and the UK. Reported infection episodes and islet autoantibody development were monitored unti
Introduction: Obesity continues to be a growing problem and places a significant burden on the healthcare system by increasing the risk of developing various diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D). T2D, in turn, increases the risk of developing other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), neuropathy, and nephropathy. Furthermore, obesity and T2D are closely linked to liver diseases, p
In medical research and within the field of Biology, it is important to find effective tools for probing and manipulating cells, as well as tools for detecting biomolecules. These tools should be sensitive, with high specitivity, and, if aimed at interacting with cells, they should be minimally invasive. In this thesis, I investigated the potential of various nanotools for these purposes. Specific
This chapter analyses the implications of findings in epigenetics for the ascription of moral responsibility for children. It contrasts shared understandings of procreative responsibility and discusses its extension to include all (individual or collective) actors who influence a child’s gene expression. It also problematizes the focus on biology in this process, using the example of epigenetics a
We have developed a sampling method for beamline simulations for the proposed NNBAR experiment at the European Spallation Source. The method is based on probability density evaluation and duct source biasing and enables the simulations of the entire NNBAR beamline with high statistics while also preserving correlations of the neutron tracks. Future efforts will focus on employing these methods for
Sustainability and resilience are two related but distinct theories of coupled environmental and social systems. Both have been heavily debated and contested over recent decades, and both are highly relevant for understanding, managing, and living with and within riverine landscapes. In this chapter, I summarise key concepts of sustainability and social–ecological resilience theories and discuss t
