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Popular Abstract in Swedish Vi har undersökt hur och varför streptokocker orsakar sjukdom. Vi började med att undersöka hur proteiner på bakterieytan interagerar med det så kallade kontaktsystemet, som är en del av immunförsvaret och blodlevringen. Vi fann att det bildades en inflammatorisk signalmolekyl och ett bakteriedödande proteinfragment men bakteriens ytproteiner skyddade mot det. Att bakteThis thesis explores streptococcal virulence from both mechanistic and evolutionary perspectives, where the mechanistic studies focus on interactions with the human coagulation system. We describe interactions between streptococcal surface proteins and components of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation and the kallikrein-kinin system in human plasma, as well as to how these surface proteins are pr

Resolving fungal and bacterial groups within the microbial decomposer community is thought to capture disparate life strategies for soil microbial decomposers, associating bacteria with an r-selected strategy for carbon (C) and nutrient use, and fungi with a K-selected strategy. Additionally, food-web model-based work has established a widely held belief that the bacterial decomposer pathway in so

Background: Relapse of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection after liver transplantation (LT) is universal. Tolerance for treatment with pegylated-interferon (peg-IFN) and ribavirin (RBV) is suboptimal and withdrawals due to adverse events frequent. We sought to improve tolerance for treatment to improve outcome. Methods: We used concentration-guided RBV dosing to achieve an intended 10 mu mol/L conce

We studied the microbial communities in maize (Zea mays) rhizosphere to determine the extent to which their structure, biomass, activity and growth were influenced by plant genotype (su1 and sh2 genes) and the addition of standard and high doses of different types of fertilizer (inorganic, raw manure and vermicompost). For this purpose, we sampled the rhizosphere of maize plants at harvest, and an

This review focuses on what has been learned about the evolution of photosynthesis in the past five years, and omits evolution of CO2 assimilation. Oxygenic photosynthesis (using both photosystems I and II) has evolved from anoxygenic photosynthesis. The latter occurs in different variants, using either a type 1 photosystem resembling photosystem I, or a type 2 photosystem resembling photosystem I

The fungal symbionts forming ectomycorrhizas, as well as their associated bacteria, benefit forest trees in a number of ways although the most important is enhancing soil nutrient mobilization and uptake. This is reciprocated by the allocation of carbohydrates by the tree to the fungus through the root interface, making the relationship a mutualistic association. Many field observations suggest th

Democracy is often thought to be the most beneficial political regime for the environment. However, a persistent line of argument lays claim that a specific authoritarian type of governance is needed to manage environmental crises effectively. Authoritarian environmentalism is a concept that emerged during the 1970s when rapid industrialization caused severe environmental hazards. This ideology ad

The impact of innovation on performance - A firm-level study of the relationship between innovation and financial performance of Swedish firms in the manufacturing industry. The purpose of this thesis is to assess whether there is a relationship between degree of innovation and financial performance of Swedish companies within the manufacturing industry. The sample consists of 66 Swedish companies

The detections of over 4000 exoplanets as of today has shown that they exist in a wide range of different configurations, otherwise known as architectures. Recently, studies have been made trying to link the environment of host stars to the architectures of their planetary systems and have found that the architectures of planetary systems may not necessarily be uniform in the Milky Way. Since effe

Stock market development and its relationship with economic growth has been proven to be significant in previous research but how does it relate to human development? The Human Development Index was first released with the 1990 Human Development Report. If stock market development could impact economic growth could it also impact human development? To analyse the relationship a regression model wa

The purpose of this essay was to examine the structural composition of the global hegemony, and how it was expressed in peace building in Iraq. In order to examine this, the neoliberal hegemony was outlined with the help of Rovert Cox’s notions of structures and other critical scholars’ notions of neoliberalism. The neoliberal hegemony was expressed in Iraq through an extensive marketization forci

Title: Financial Behavior and the Momentum Strategy Seminar date: 2018-05-31 Course: FEKH89, Bachelor’s Degree Project in Financial Management, Business Administration, Undergraduate Level, 15 ECTS Authors: Emil Eliasson, Olle Josefsson, Fredrik Thörning Advisor: Maria Gårdängen Purpose: The authors of this thesis aim to study if it is possible to generate a better Sharpe ratio within the CAPM-th

This thesis sets out to investigate the affective dynamics of doing community in response to terror by taking as a site of inquiry the attack in Stockholm, Sweden, in 2017. It studies how emotive expressions of multicultural openness could operate at the same time as heightened security measures were perceived as legitimate. By departing from the literature on responses to terrorism, it explores a

An increasing amount of research findings is showing that higher engagement in cognitive tasks alleviates the interference of anxiety and worry on task performance as compared to lower task engagement. Yet, it is still not clear which cognitive functions are mostly contributing to this relieving effect. To add to the current knowledge, the present experimental work investigated the relations bet

Background: Dried blood spots (DBS) are a convenient and inexpensive method for biobanking. Although many countries have established population-based DBS biobanks from neonatal screening programs, the quality and usefulness of DNA from DBS have not been extensively assessed. Methods: We compared 4 common DNA extraction methods (Qiagen, EZNA, Chelex 100, and alkaline lysis) in a pilot study using

We examined the associations of intake of vegetables, legumes and fruit with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in a population with prevalent diabetes in Europe. A cohort of 10,449 participants with self-reported diabetes within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study was followed for a mean of 9 y. Intakes of vegetables, legumes, and fruit were assessed at base

Most climate change scenarios predict that the variability of weather conditions will increase in coming decades. Hence, the frequency and intensity of freeze-thaw cycles in high-latitude regions are likely to increase, with concomitant effect on soil carbon biogeochemistry and associated microbial processes. To address this issue we sampled riparian soil from a Swedish boreal forest and applied t

This important book provides new understandings of how the politics of memory impacts peace in societies transitioning from a violent past. It does so by developing a theoretical approach focusing on the intersection of sites, agency, narratives, and events in memory-making. Drawing on rich empirical studies of mnemonic formations in Cyprus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Rwanda, South Africa and Cambodi