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Denna avhandling utvecklar och utvärderar språkbaserade bedömningar som använder artificiell intelligens (AI) för att omvandla öppet språk till kvantitativa indikatorer och beskrivningar av psykiska hälsorelaterade konstruktioner. Medan slutna skalor länge har dominerat psykologiska bedömningar, är de begränsade av fasta svarsformat och kanske inte helt fångar komplexiteten i individers upplevelseThis thesis develops and evaluates language-based assessments that use artificial intelligence (AI) to transform open-ended language into quantitative indicators and descriptions of mental health related constructs. While closed-ended scales have long dominated psychological assessment, they are limited by fixed response formats and may not fully capture the complexity of individuals’ experiences.

Self-care interventions for sexual and reproductive health (SRH), including HIV self-testing, self-injected contraception and self-managed abortion, offer promising pathways to advance universal health coverage, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. While often framed as cost-saving measures, this paper argues that self-care should be understood as a strategic investment in health syst

Background: Management of cancer-related pain relies on the access to opioids. When regular opioids as morphine are not tolerated or are insufficient, adjuvant opioids as methadone are an affordable and effective analgesic. Aim: The aim of the project was to describe the pattern of use and clinical experiences of methadone in patients with cancer-related pain at a low-resource hospital in Hyderaba

Background: Multidisciplinary team meetings (MDTMs) represent an integral component of modern cancer care and have increasingly been implemented to ensure accurate and evidence-based treatment recommendations. During MDTMs, multiple and complex medical and patient-related information should be considered by a multi-professional team whose members contribute various perspectives. Registered nurses

The sheet metal forming process is integral to the automotive industry, producing a variety of components essential for vehicle construction, including body panels, chassis parts, and structural supports. The process involves shaping thin metal sheets into desired forms using techniques such as bending, stretching, drawing, and stamping. In order to build high quality cars it is vital with an effi

The Swedish healthcare sector is currently experiencing recruitment difficulties combined with increasing demand for healthcare services. This study accordingly seeks knowledge of the obstacles to and opportunities for retaining older employees in the Swedish healthcare sector. Results of interviews with line managers and human resource (HR) partners indicate that the informants have positive atti

Antibody microarray is a novel technology that will allow us to efficiently perform global proteome analysis. Performing rapid and multiplexed analysis on complex proteomes, such as human serum, targeting also low-abundant analytes will, however, place high demands upon the microarray design with respect to logistics, specificity and sensitivity. In this study, we have shown that non-purified affi

Background Severe alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), phenotype PiZZ, is a risk factor for pulmonary emphysema and liver disease, but its effect on cancer risk is unknown. Our aim was to evaluate the risk and the risk factors for incident cancer in PiZZ individuals compared with the general population with known smoking habits. Methods A longitudinal study of PiZZ individuals (n=1,595) from the

I Sverige kommer ungefär 2-3 % av befolkningen någon gång att drabbas av paniksyndrom med eller utan agorafobi (PS/A), ett tillstånd som består av plötsliga, oväntade panikattacker som följs av ihållande rädsla för nya attacker och/eller betydande livsstilsförändringar. PS/A debuterar oftast i slutet av tonåren eller i tidig vuxenålder och ger om den förblir obehandlad ofta kroniska psykiska besväApproximately 2-3% of adults in Sweden will experience unexpected panic attacks that cause them to develop fears of future attacks and to alter their lives, defined as Panic Disorder with or without Agoraphobia (PD/A). The condition often onsets in late adolescence or early adulthood, with high levels of psychiatric comorbidity, social difficulties, diminished study and work ability, an elevated r

Progressive pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a complex interstitial lung disease that impacts substantially on patients’ daily lives, requiring personalised and integrated care. We summarise the main needs of patients with PF and their caregivers, and suggest a supportive care approach. Individualised care, education, emotional and psychological support, specialised treatments, and better access to info

Drug company funding can create conflicts of interest that compromise the integrity of patient organizations, a problem studied primarily in Western Europe and North America. To address this research gap, we conducted a case study in Poland, a Central European country. Between 2012 and 2020, 33 companies reported payments worth €13 729 644 to 273 patient organizations in Poland. The funding was hi

Background: There is little investigation into what care older people access during the last phase of their life and what factors enable access to care in this group. Illuminating this from the perspective of the next of kin may provide valuable insights into how the health and social care system operates with reference to providing care for this vulnerable group. The behavioural model of health s

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avstår barn i fattiga länder från utbildning framförallt för att de är fattiga eller för att de upplever att skolan inte har något meningsfullt att erbjuda? Svaret på den frågan har stor betydelse för vilken politik som bör föras. Ett empiriskt bidrag till en sådan frågeställning är i vilken utsträckning som utbildning kan tänkas vara ett ?lönsamt? alternativ för indiviWhy do some children in the developing world choose to stay out of school? Is it mainly because poverty leaves them with no options or because schooling seems to offer them few benefits? The answers to these questions have profound policy implications. An empirical input into this discussion is the extent to which schooling can actually be perceived as a profitable option in various countries and,

Purpose: Radiographic abnormalities in the pubic bone and symphysis are often seen in athletes with groin pain. The aim was to create a grading scale of such radiologic changes. Material and Methods: Plain radiography of the pelvic ring including the pubic bone and the symphysis was performed in 20 male athletes, age 19-35, with long-standing uni- or bilateral groin pain. We used two control grou

Background: A number of trends during the last decade, like globalisation, outsourcing, single sourcing, leanness and agility, have made the supply chain more vulnerable and “supply chain risk management” has become a research area of its own. Objective: To characterize the existing scientific knowledge and scientific knowledge creation within supply chain risk management as it is presented in the

Although the importance of patient participation is acknowledged in today's healthcare, many challenges remain before patient participation can become an integral part of care provision. The ward round has traditionally been the forum for crucial decisions about patient care, but often with limited possibilities for patient participation. As part of the process of improving patient participation,

Purpose - In order to improve cooperation and collaboration between units, clinics and departments, many health care organizations (HCOs) have introduced process orientation. Several studies indicate problems in realizing these ambitions. The purpose of this paper is to explain and understand the success and failure of process orientation in HCOs. Design/methodology/approach - The authors conducte