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The initial adhesion of bacterial cells to implant surfaces is a critical step in the development of biofilms, complex microbial communities that are highly resistant to conventional antimicrobial treatments. Once established, these biofilms and their self-produced extracellular matrix are difficult to eradicate. As a result, there is growing interest in engineering implant surfaces that can effec
Surgery is often viewed as a lifesaving intervention, yet recovery depends just as much on what follows. The concept of individualised anaesthesia and analgesia in surgery challenges the traditional one-size-fits-all model by tailoring care to each patient's physiological and psychological profile, with the potential to improve outcomes, reduce complications, and enhance the patient experience. Ma
We study the time complexity of computing the (min,+) matrix product of two n×n integer matrices in terms of n and the number of monotone subsequences the rows of the first matrix and the columns of the second matrix can be decomposed into. In particular, we show that if each row of the first matrix can be decomposed into at most m1 monotone subsequences and each column of the second matrix can b
After a long period of being constructed as anonymous administration complexes, first instance courts are once again being built as emblematic elements of the city, designed by renowned architects and rising up on central plots adjacent to train stations, headquarter buildings and exclusive residential areas. This is happening at a time of centralisation, upsizing and property privatisation, and w
Data on marine microfossil assemblage composition have multiple applications. Initially, they were primarily used for (chrono)stratigraphy and palaeoecology, but these data are now also widely used to study evolutionary and ecological processes, such as past biodiversity and its links with environmental dynamics, or to provide a basis for conservation efforts and biomonitoring. The large range of
Objectives: This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows:. To assess the benefits and harms of pain and sedation management for screening or treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in preterm infants compared to placebo, no intervention, or other interventions.
Background: Childhood (< 20 years) nervous system tumors manifest in some rare cancer syndromes but how commonly they present with familial clustering between various histological types is not well known at a nation-wide level. Our aim is to enhance understanding of familial risks in childhood nervous system cancers. Methods: We used the Swedish population and cancer data from years 1958–2021 to a
This paper describes the development of a new variant of stereoselective strain-release driven reactions (formal homo [3 + 2] dipolar cycloadditions) which utilize housane (1) to construct functionalized amino alcohols and pyridine-substituted cyclopentanes in two to three steps from simple and easily available building blocks (nitrones and pyridine N-oxides respectively).
Youth are one of the nine major groups of civil society for sustainable development formalized by Agenda 21. The Major Group of Children and Youth is an active independent mechanism facilitating youth involvement in the United Nations system. Youth representatives from various organizations increasingly engage in global sustainability politics but face challenges such as financial constraints, tok
Peacebuilding initiatives play an important role in the reconstruction of political, economic, and social conditions after internal armed conflicts. If these initiatives also account for environmental aspects, they have the potential to address both ecological damages and resource-related conflict causes. The sprawling literature on environmental peacebuilding therefore stresses the need for a hol
Quantifications of phytoplankton biomass and species composition are crucial for monitoring biodiversity and population dynamics in aquatic environments, and both direct microscopic counts and fluorescence-based methods have been widely used for monitoring. Recent advancements in DNA metabarcoding offer an alternative way of easily assessing diversity and species composition. However, a comprehens
Evolutionary changes in populations of microbes, such as microalgae, cannot be traced using conventional metabarcoding loci as they lack intraspecific resolution. Consequently, selection and competition processes among strains of the same species cannot be resolved without elaborate isolation, culturing, and genotyping efforts. Bamboozle, a new bioinformatic tool introduced here, scans the entire
Background/Objectives: Fertility-sparing surgery (FSS) is a standard practice for managing early stage cervical cancer, yet significant variation exists in clinical approaches worldwide. Our objective was to ascertain current practices and preferences for cerclage use among expert centers globally regarding FSS in patients with early stage cervical cancer. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional s
Micro-scale mechanisms, such as inter-particle and particle-fluid interactions, govern the behaviour of granular systems. While particle-scale simulations provide detailed insights into these interactions, their computational cost is often prohibitive. At a recent Lorentz Center Workshop on “Machine Learning for Discrete Granular Media”, researchers explored how machine learning approaches can aid
The side-feeding patterns and the spectra of unresolved γ-lines are calculated for Gd, Dy and Er nuclei with neutron numbers from 82 to 86. Energies and configurations for states from the yrast line and approximately 2 MeV higher in energy are calculated as many-quasiparticle configurations in a deformed oblate potential. The γ-cascade is simulated by a Monte Carlo calculation. With a common avera
Varved lake sediments offer valuable insight into past environmental conditions with high temporal resolution and precise chronological control. A combination of diatom and geochemical analyses of the recently deposited sediments of Odensjön, a small dimictic lake in southern Sweden, shows alternating light and dark laminae composed of greater amounts of biogenic silica and organic matter, respect
The opening of habitats associated with the emergence of C4 grasslands during the Neogene had a massive influence on the evolution of plant and animal communities. Strikingly, the impacts of grassland expansion on species diversification in Africa, where the largest surface of grasslands and savannas in the world is located, are not well understood. To explore the impact of habitat opening, we inv
Background: Altered metabolism after liver surgery adds complexity topostoperative pain management. Opioids administered via intravenousPatient Controlled Analgesia (PCA) is one of the main alternatives forinitial pain management. Paracetamol is considered potentially dangerousafter liver surgery but used selectively. This study evaluates whether thereis a difference in patient outcome after hepat
Rapid and cost-effective retrieval of endogenous DNA from ancient specimens remains a limiting factor in palaeogenomic research. Many methods have been developed to increase ancient DNA yield, but modifications to existing protocols are often based on personal experience rather than systematic testing. Here, we present a new silica column-based extraction protocol, where optimizations were tested
