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Introduction: Cognitive function is an important outcome measure in patients with brain tumor, providing information about the patient’s clinical situation, treatment effects and possible progressive disease. The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate effects of the currently used radiation and chemotherapy treatment on cognitive function and to investigate associations between cognitive f
High postprandial blood glucose levels are associated with increased mortality, cardiovascular events and development of diabetes in the general population. Interventions targeting postprandial glucose have been shown to prevent both cardiovascular events and diabetes. This study evaluates the efficacy and safety of a novel nutritional supplement targeting postprandial glucose excursions in non-di
Oscillatory neural activity in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamocortical (CBGTC) loop is associated with the motor state of a subject, but also with the availability of modulatory neurotransmitters. For example, increased low-frequency oscillations in Parkinson’s disease (PD) are related to decreased levels of dopamine and have been proposed as biomarkers to adapt and optimize therapeutic interven
Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an established risk factor for intermittent claudication (IC) and other manifestations of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease. Indications for surgery in infrainguinal IC are debated, and there are conflicting reports regarding its outcomes in patients with DM. Aims of this study were to compare both short- and long-term effects on total- and cardiovas
Purpose: Off-target binding in the skull and meninges is observed in some subjects undergoing tau positron emission tomography (PET) and could potentially differ between men and women. In this study we elucidate sex differences in tau off-target binding using three different tau PET tracers. Methods: 541 cognitively unimpaired amyloid-β negative participants underwent tau PET using [18F]flortaucip
Background: Gun violence is a global health problem. Population-based research on firearm-related injuries has been relatively limited considering the burden of disease. The aim of this study was to analyze nationwide epidemiological trends of firearm injuries. Methods: This is a retrospective nationwide epidemiological study including all patients with firearm injuries from the Swedish Trauma Reg
OBJECTIVE: To identify perinatal factors associated with cerebral palsy (CP). METHODS: This was a case-control study based on the Swedish Medical Birth Registry and the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry, including 2,303 infants born in Sweden 1984-1998 with a diagnosis of CP and 1.6 million infants without this diagnosis. Odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (Cis) were calculated. RES
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To determine how a recently proposed clinical stroke subclassification corresponds to specific findings on computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. METHODS: Two hundred twenty-eight patients with first-ever stroke were divided into four clinical subgroups: (1) total anterior circulation syndrome: both cortical and subcortical symptoms from
Popular Abstract in Swedish Variabilitet i ett läkemedels farmakokinetiska (hur ett läkemedel omsätts i kroppen) och farmakodynamiska (vilken effekt ett läkemedel har) egenskaper kan resultera i att olika individer som erhållit samma dos av ett läkemedel får olika effekter av läkemedel. Biverkningar eller utebliven effekt kan innebära allvarliga konsekvenser för den enskilda individen. VariabiliteVariability in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters between individuals can be due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors. In this thesis three different areas regarding sources of variability have been investigated. 1. Formulation properties as an extrinsic source of variability. Lipophilic substances often have poor oral bioavailability and high inter- and intraindividual variability. High
X-ray diffraction methods have been used to study the crystal structure of different compounds, both organic and inorganic. The inorganic compounds were all synthesized by solid state reactions. A new compound, Re4As6S3, was synthesized and its structure was solved by Rietveld methods. Re4As6S3 is a cluster compound described by a
UPPSATSEN ÄR SKRIVEN I ÄMNET TJECKISKA (KURS TJE252). The history of gender equality in the Czech Republic i's long and diverse. Thi's thesi's aim's to provide a concise mapping of it's development, with the purpose to illustrate and explain factor's that have consequence's to thi's day. The principal focu's of the study i's the civic women''s movem
Overheating in buildings is becoming a major concern and cause for various health issues. Existing research and previous studies on the issue were examined to acquire relevant information about the definition of overheating, its possible causes, and the heath impacts it could have on human health. The review included data on the current status of thermal comfort and overheating regulations in Swed
Marine debris is a major threat to wildlife and human health. This study examines the socioeconomic vulnerability of informal housing as arguably one of the main drivers of the abundance of marine debris in the aftermath of a tropical cyclone. Using the Abaco Islands, Bahamas, as a case, the study applies the capabilities approach to assess the societal impact of Hurricane Dorian. Findings indicat
Crowdfunding is often considered as a financial source to close the early stage financial gap of new ventures. However, there is little research on its impact regarding other liabilities new ventures face. The aim of this study is to find evidence on how crowdfunding can provide new ventures with additional value apart from financial resources. For this purpose, the concept of liability of newness
Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) remains a controversial entity. Specific clusters of MetS components - rather than MetS per se - are associated with accelerated arterial ageing and with cardiovascular (CV) events. To investigate whether the distribution of clusters of MetS components differed cross-culturally, we studied 34,821 subjects from 12 cohorts from 10 European countries and one coho
Background: Topical negative pressure (TNP), widely used in wound therapy, is known to stimulate wound edge blood flow, granulation tissue formation, angiogenesis, and revascularization. We have previously shown that application of a TNP of -50 mmHg to the myocardium significantly increases microvascular blood flow in the underlying tissue. We have also shown that a myocardial TNP levels between -
Background: The metabolic syndrome describes a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors that frequently appear together. Its diagnosis is generally based on several well-recognized indicators in clinical practice, such as abdominal obesity, elevated triglycerides, reduced high-density lipoprotein, raised blood pressure, and elevated fasting plasma glucose. Today, decisive importance must be attached
Purpose: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the visibility of simulated lesions in 2D digital mammography (DM) and breast tomosynthesis (BT) images of patients. Methods: Images of the same women were acquired on both a DM system (Mammomat Novation, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany) and a BT prototype system adapted from the same type of DM system. Using the geometrical properties of the
