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NKT cells m the mouse recognize antigen in the context of the MHC class I-like molecule CD1d and play an important role in peripheral tolerance and protection against autoimmune and other diseases NKT cells are usually activated by CD1d-presented lipid antigens However, peptide recognition m the context of CD 1 has also been documented, although no self-peptide ligands have been reported to date H
The adsorption of octylamine on Au(111) under ultrahigh vacuum conditions is investigated. The molecules surprisingly undergo a thermally activated chemical reaction, resulting in formation of trioctylamine as confirmed both by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and by comparison to the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) signature of trioctylamine deposited directly onto the surface.
AIMS: Patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) have increased prevalence of atrial arrhythmias indicating atrial involvement in the disease. We aimed to assess the long-term evolution of P-wave indices as electrocardiographic (ECG) markers of atrial substrate during ARVC progression. METHODS AND RESULTS: We included 100 patients with a definite ARVC diagnosis according
Background and objectives Cognitive and physical difficulties are common in survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA); both survivors and close family members are also at risk of developing mood disorders. In the UK, dedicated follow-up pathways for OHCA survivors and their family are lacking. A cohort of survivors and family members were surveyed regarding their experience of post-discha
The importance of natural IgM antibodies in protection against infections is still emerging and these antibodies have a potential role in the maintenance of homeostasis through clearance of apoptotic bodies, complement-dependent mechanisms, inflammation and exclusion of misfolded proteins. Natural IgM act as a first line of defence against unknown hazardous factors and are present in most vertebra
We report on an experimental demonstration of spatially-resolved detection of atomic hydrogen in flames using a single-ended configuration yielding 656-nm lasing in the backward direction upon 2-photon pumping with 205-nm femtosecond laser pulses. Spatial resolution is achieved by temporally-resolved detection of the backward lasing using a streak camera. The method is demonstrated in CH4/O2 flame
Haemophilus influenzae is a Gram-negative human pathogen that resides in the upper respiratory tract. Encapsulated H. influenzae type b (Hib) and type f (Hif) are the most common serotypes associated with invasive disease. H. influenzae displays various strategies to circumvent the host innate immune response, including the bactericidal effect of the complement system. In this study, we identified
Collateral damage caused by extracellular histones has an immediate impact on morbidity and mortality in many disease models. A significant increase in the levels of extracellular histones is seen in critically ill patients with trauma and sepsis. We showed that histones are released from necrotic cells in patients with invasive skin infections. Under in vitro conditions, endogenous p33, an endoth
We have investigated various modes of adherence of Helicobacter pylori to the human gastric epithelium, using transmission electron microscopy, in biopsies from nine patients with peptic ulcer disease and from four patients with chronic active gastritis. H. pylori was demonstrated in abundance in all cases within the surface mucous layer. In all ulcer- and in one out of four gastritis patients H.
Sheet-metal forming involves a complex strain distribution over the part. The strains consist of tension, compression, and a mix of both. A geometry has been developed, the X-Die, in order to gain insight into the strain behavior of different materials. The X-Die enables strain paths far into the tension/compression region, thus creating the possibility to extend the experimental base both for def
Cellular metabolism of glucose is required for stimulation of insulin secretion from pancreatic beta cells, but the precise metabolic coupling factors involved in this process are not known. In an effort to better understand mechanisms of fuel-mediated insulin secretion, we have adapted 13C NMR and isotopomer methods to measure influx of metabolic fuels into the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle in i
This essay deals with mythologizing as an inherent part of historiography, and as a way to imbue the past with meaningfulness, with focus on the commemoration of the Holocaust, the Nazi genocide on European Jewry.
Vitamin D was discovered due to its ability to cure rickets, but recently many other important functions for it in the human body have been discoverred, and it counteracts several other diseases, as diabetes and some forms of cancer. The nuclear vitamin D receptor has been found throughout the vertebrate phylum down to jawless fishes, but not in invertebrates. Its role in those organisms that are
A supramolecular complex composed of Ru(II) tris-bipyridine, tyrosine, and dipicolylamine was synthesized and characterized. This complex was attached to TiO2 nanocrystalline films via ester groups at the Ru(II) chromophore, and photoinduced multistep electron transfer was investigated by laser flash photolysis and electron paramagnetic resonance techniques. Following ultrafast electron injection
From January 1, 1983, through December 31, 1992, a total of 4610 patients entered a randomized trial that compared mortality among patients receiving 2 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy with that in patients receiving 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy, 4175 of whom were recurrence free after 2 years of tamoxifen therapy. Among the 2046 patients randomly assigned to the 5-year group all-cause
This thesis considers the design of PID controllers, the extensions of these controllers to improve their performance, and the applications of these design methods to industrial processes. New tuning methods for PI and PID controllers have been presented. These methods uses a model of the process to be controlled, given as a transfer function. The methods captures essential requirements of a cont
Secretagogin is a newly identified calcium-binding protein selectively expressed in neuroendocrine tissue and pancreatic beta-cells. The function of secretagogin is unknown, but it has been suggested in beta-cells to influence calcium-influx, insulin secretion and proliferation, and has been observed downregulated in diabetes-prone BB rat islets exposed to cytokines. In the present study, we ident
Meningitis caused by Escherichia coli K1 is a serious illness in neonates with neurological sequelae in up to 50% of survivors. A high degree of bacteremia is required for E. coli K1 to cross the blood-brain barrier, which suggests that the bacterium must evade the host defence mechanisms and survive in the bloodstream. We previously showed that outer membrane protein A (OmpA) of E. coli binds C4b
Lyme borreliosis is a tick-borne disease often manifesting as a circular skin lesion. This cutaneous form of the disease is known as erythema migrans. In a 5-year follow-up study in southern Sweden, 31 of 708 individuals initially diagnosed with erythema migrans and treated with antibiotics were found to be reinfected with Borrelia burgdorferi. Although men and women were tick-bitten to the same e
