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The present study focuses on in situ as well as ex situ studies on the sintering of pre-compacted powder mixtures of 50 at% Nickel-50 at %Titanium. In situ studies were carried out by monitoring the changes in morphology of the fracture surface of the compact continuously during heating in the hot stage of an environmental scanning electron microscope. Results on the initiation of sintering and it
The White House Budget proposal for 2018, if approved, could lead to a drastic cut in US funding of UN activities in the coming years. Since the US is the largest contributor to the regular budget, peacekeeping operations, agencies and programmes, its decision could have major implications on the organisation’s workings. Besides well-founded queries about what the US actually stands to gain by suc
There is an urgent need to address in a comprehensive manner the problem of systematic and flagrant violations of international humanitarian and human-rights law in ongoing conflicts, including its sources and implications. More specifically, possible lines of action to counter the growing importance of non-state armed actors and the use of explosives in populated areas must be discussed. A Global
This paper addresses the effects of the deterioration on the value of damage detection information. The quantification of the value of damage detection information for deteriorated structures is based on Bayesian pre-posterior decision analysis, comprising structural system performance models, consequence, benefit and costs models and damage detection information models throughout the service life
This chapter examines ethical guidelines as a tool for the governance of artificial intelligence (AI). Analysing the European development towards a trustworthy AI, with a focus on the High-Level Expert Group on AI appointed by the European Commission, the chapter highlights the interaction between guidelines and law in light of technological advancements. It discusses why contemporary AI has led t
BACKGROUND: There is a growing interest to increase dietary fiber (DF) consumption due to the health benefits associated with this nutrient. Pulses are considered a good source of non-digestible carbohydrates. The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility of substituting semolina with chickpea flour to increase the indigestible carbohydrate content without altering the texture of the pa
This conclusion combines insights from the analysed of urban conflicts over peace(s) to answer the principal research question. The subsequent argument is that the postwar city reinforces rather than transcends its continuities of war into peace because urban conflicts over peace(s) attack its transcending potential and enhance its destructive potential while the city itself—untouched by postwar c
In this study, we discuss Swedish travelers from different backgrounds during their visits to Greece and Asia Minor in the 18th century. Besides their scientific interests, they write about their impressions of the Greeks and other people in the area, as well as education, language, religion, local economy, culture, and social life. They have good knowledge of ancient Greek history and the Greek l
A critical aspect in strategic modeling of transportation systems is user heterogeneity. In many real-world scenarios, e.g., when tolls are charged and drivers have different trade-offs between time and money, or when they get informed about current congestion by different routing apps, modeling users as rational decision makers with homogeneous utility functions becomes too restrictive. While glo
Italian is sexy, German is rough—but how about Páez or Tamil? Are there universal phonesthetic judgments based purely on the sound of a language, or are preferences attributable to language-external factors such as familiarity and cultural stereotypes? We collected 2,125 recordings of 228 languages from 43 language families, including 5 to 11 speakers of each language to control for personal vocal
BACKGROUND: Emergency department (ED) crowding causes increased patient morbidity and mortality. ED occupancy rate (OR; patients by treatment beds) is a common measure of crowding, but the comparability of ORs between EDs is unknown. The objective of this investigation was to investigate differences in ORs between EDs using staff-perceived workload as reference.METHODS: This was a national cross-s
Electroelastic materials possess properties most attractive for the design of smart devices and systems such as actuators and sensors. Typical polymers show changes in shape under the action of an electric field, and vice versa, together with fast actuation times, high strain levels and low elastic moduli. This paper deals with an Ogden model inspired framework for large deformation electroelastic
The building industry has a major environmental impact in terms of global energy use, carbon emissions, resource use, and the production of waste. To reach ambitious international environmental goals, the building industry faces a need for large-scale change. Circular strategies for buildings include using building and materials longer through lifetime extension strategies, reuse, sharing, renovat
This chapter analyzes the epistemological hierarchy around the middleof the nineteenth century in Sweden through efforts to mobilize supportfor natural science in scholarly periodicals. It is argued that scholarlycommunication was key to achieving legitimacy for natural science, butthat such efforts were mitigated by a dominant view of the humanitiesin general and classical humanism in particular
Chondroblastoma and chondromyxoid fibroma are benign but locally aggressive bone tumors. Chondroblastoma, a destructive lesion with a thin radiodense border, is usually seen in the epiphysis of long bones. Chondromyxoid fibroma presents as a bigger, lucent, loculated lesion with a sharp sclerotic margin in the metaphysis of long bones. Although uncommon, these tumors can be challenging to manage.
The knowledge of the material budget with a high precision is fundamental for measurements of direct photon production using the photon conversion method due to its direct impact on the total systematic uncertainty. Moreover, it influences many aspects of the charged-particle reconstruction performance. In this article, two procedures to determine data-driven corrections to the material-budget des
