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The location of embryonic lymph node development is determined by the initial clustering of lymphoid tissue-inducer (LTi) cells. Here we demonstrate that both the chemokine CXCL13 and the chemokine CCL21 attracted LTi cells at embryonic days 12.5-14.5 and that initial clustering depended exclusively on CXCL13. Retinoic acid (RA) induced early CXCL13 expression in stromal organizer cells independen

This paper experimentally investigates free-riding behavior on communication cost in a coordination game and finds strong indications of such free-riding. Firstly,the subjects wait for others to send a message when communication is costly, which does not happen when communication is costless. Secondly, the proportion of games where no communication or one-way communication takes place is much high

Geobotanical subdivision of landcover is a baseline for many studies. The High–Low Arctic boundary is considered to be of fundamental natural importance. The wide application of different delimitation schemes in various ecological studies and climatic scenarios raises the following questions: (i) What are the common criteria to define the High and Low Arctic? (ii) Could human impact significantly

Brevmall Postadress Box 117, 221 00 Lund Besöksadress Paradisgatan 5C Telefon 046-222 77 71, 046-222 00 00 E-post anneli.wiklander@fs.lu.se Rektor Föreskrifter rörande hantering av ekonomiska intresse- konflikter relaterade till viss amerikansk forskningsfinansiering Bakgrund I samband med ansökan om forskningsbidrag och för att kunna ta emot forskningsmedel från USA:s statliga finansiärer, särski

https://www.medarbetarwebben.lu.se/sites/medarbetarwebben.lu.se/files/foreskrifter-rorande-hantering-av-ekonomiska-intressekonflikter-relaterade-till-viss-amerikansk-forskningsfinansiering.pdf - 2026-07-13

Adherence of Helicobacter pylori to inflamed gastric mucosa is dependent on the sialic acid-binding adhesin (SabA) and cognate sialylated/fucosylated glycans on the host cell surface. By in situ hybridization, H. pylori bacteria were observed in close association with erythrocytes in capillaries and post-capillary venules of the lamina propria of gastric mucosa in both infected humans and Rhesus m

Ferric uptake regulator (Fur) and Fur-like proteins form an important family of transcriptional regulators in many bacterial species. In this work we have characterized a Fur-like protein, the peroxide regulator PerR, in an M1 serotype of Streptococcus pyogenes. To determine the role of PerR in S. pyogenes, we inactivated the gene by allelic replacement. PerR-deficient bacteria showed 48% reductio

Scholarly discourses on energy security have developed in response to initially separate policy agendas such as supply of fuels for armies and transportation, uninterrupted provision of electricity, and ensuring market and investment effectiveness. As a result three distinct perspectives on energy security have emerged: the `sovereignty' perspective with its roots in political science; the `robust

Although being promoted as the most eco-friendly form of transportation, the shipping sector currently accounts for around 3 % of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, however, with increasing global trade emissions are expected to increase. Even if energy efficiency gains have been accomplished, the majority of the global fleet continue to run on fossil fuels and the total emissions from ships a

Klimatförändringarna tvingar miljontals människor världen över att lämna sina hem, men det juridiska skyddet för dem som flyr miljörelaterade kriser är fortfarande otydligt och fragmenterat. 1951 års flyktingkonvention erbjuder viktiga skydd för personer som flyr förföljelse, men omfattar inte individer som fördrivs av klimatförändringar, vilket skapar betydande luckor i den internationella rättenClimate change is displacing millions globally, yet legal protections for those fleeing environmental crises remain unclear and fragmented. The 1951 Refugee Convention offers critical safeguards for those fleeing persecution but excludes individuals displaced by climate change, leaving significant gaps in international law. This raises pressing questions: How can international law address the chal

Our society is built upon energy – we need energy for its functioning and development.However, given our current dependence on non-renewable energy sources, a more sustainableuse needs to be achieved. A new tool of science and sustainability communication isvisualization to increase public awareness and understanding of energy issues.The aim of the study was to examine how energy data can be visua