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For polarization-resolved reflection experiments such as ellipsometry, not only is high reflectivity in a wide spectral range required for mirrors but also the quality of their polarization response is important. Furthermore, for VUV ellipsometry, optimal angles of incidence at the sample are between 45° and 60° with respect to the surface normal. In the best case, a setup should even allow variab
BACKGROUND: Plasma biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have broad potential as screening tools in primary care and disease-modifying trials. Detecting elevated amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology to support trial recruitment or initiating Aβ-targeting treatments would be of critical value. In this study, we aimed to examine the robustness of plasma biomarkers to detect elevated Aβ pathology at different
We prove Nehari s theorem for integral Hankel and Toeplitz operators on simple convex polytopes in several variables. A special case of the theorem, generalizing the boundedness criterion of the Hankel and Toeplitz operators on the Paley Wiener space, reads as follows. Let = (0, 1)d be a d-dimensional cube, and for a distribution f on 2, consider the Hankel operator f (g)(x) = λ f (x + y)g(y) dy,
We describe the outcome of a data challenge conducted as part of the Dark Machines (https://www.darkmachines.org) initiative and the Les Houches 2019 workshop on Physics at TeV colliders. The challenged aims to detect signals of new physics at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) using unsupervised machine learning algorithms. First, we propose how an anomaly score could be implemented to define model-
This paper presents the hardware/software generation backend of a code generation framework. The backend aims at synthesizing complete systems based on RISC-V cores with accelerators from a single-language description. The framework takes the dataflow description of an algorithm as input and generates a combination of hardware (in Chisel) and software (in C) that interacts with the hardware. The h
Studies on animal colour vision typically focus on the chromatic aspect of colour, which is related to the spectral distribution, and disregard the achromatic aspect, which is related to the intensity (“brightness”) of a stimulus. Although the chromatic component of vision is often most reliable for object recognition because it is fairly context independent, the achromatic component may provide a
Current local or regional flood risk assessments, as required by the EU flood risk directive, rarely account for cascading effects due to interdependencies between critical infrastructures. However, it is essential to consider these effects, as they may severely impact areas outside the immediate flood risk area. The main purpose is to present and problematize a method (AB-CEM) for mapping and ana
Personalized case conceptualization is often regarded as a prerequisite for treatment success in psychotherapy for patients with comorbidity. This article presents Perceived Causal Networks, a novel method in which patients rate perceived causal relations among behavioral and emotional problems. First, 231 respondents screening positive for depression completed an online Perceived Causal Networks
An integrated flat-flame/ microprobe sampling quadrupole mass spectrometer system, complemented by optical spectrometry based on optical fibers, is presented. The short microprobe sampling line (total 25 cm) is directly connected to an open ion source closely flanked by two nude cryopumps (900 l/s) yielding a background pressure of 10-9 Torr and a sampling pressure of about 10-5 Torr. Due to this
Nanowire solar cells have the potential to reach the same efficiencies as the world-record III-V solar cells while using a fraction of the material. For solar energy harvesting, large-area nanowire solar cells have to be processed. In this work, we demonstrate the synthesis of epitaxial InP nanowire arrays on a 2 inch wafer. We define five array areas with different nanowire diameters on the same
The role of proteins as the mediators of the interaction between engineered materials (biomaterials) and living systems has long been appreciated, but the subtleties and complexities introduced by changing surface curvature are only beginning to be understood. Thus, in implant devices, where the biomaterial is presented as a flat surface, a very limited range of proteins bind to the material, thes
The prediction and probability assignment (PPA) concept is important in lossless image compression. We report on a new approximate technique for PPA based on local optimization.
To explore the internal flow distributions and heat transfer mechanism in different types of independent cooling modules for automotive, numerical, and experimental studies were conducted. According to the study, the independent cooling modules with parallel structure, on which the heat exchangers were located separately and close to the inlets, the performance improvement was significant. In addi
Living labs and co-production are increasingly popular strategies for universities to address sustainability challenges and yet the links between them remain largely implicit. This paper discusses the potential of living labs to provide a holistic and iterative framework for the co-production of knowledge. The University Living Lab initiative was launched in 2012 to transform the University of Man
MOTIVATION: Gene expression-based multiclass prediction, such as tumor subtyping, is a non-trivial bioinformatic problem. Most classifier methods operate by comparing expression levels relative to other samples. Methods that base predictions on the expression pattern within a sample have been proposed as an alternative. As these methods are invariant to the cohort composition and can be applied to
Research have shown that the correct integration of daylight and electric lighting reduces the energy use in buildings, while improving visual comfort. Smart shading systems, especially those electrically controlled, play an important role to control solar radiation. Similarly, smart and dimmable/tunable lighting can help to adjust the artificial light to the real users' needs. This paper presents
Using a new sample environment, the two operando surface diagnostic techniques two-dimensional surface optical reflection (2D-SOR) and polarization-modulated infrared reflection–absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS) have been combined with mass spectrometry (MS) to characterize a catalytic reaction. With both techniques integrated in a custom-built setup, we can correlate molecular information of the
Carbonic anhydrase (CA) is a thoroughly studied enzyme. Its primary role is the rapid interconversion of carbon dioxide and bicarbonate in the cells, where carbon dioxide is produced, and in the lungs, where it is released from the blood. At the same time, it regulates pH homeostasis. The inhibitory function of sulfonamides on CA was discovered some 80 years ago. There are numerous physiological-t
Imaging the spray formation region of atomizing sprays is particularly challenging due to the presence of a variety of irregular liquid structures such as ligaments, liquid blobs, droplets, liquid sheets and a possible liquid core. The number and concentration of those liquid bodies dictate the presence of liquid/air interfaces, which are responsible to undesired scattering effects. The resulting
