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Developing a reliable and quantitative assessment of the potential virulence of a malignancy has been a long-standing goal in clinical cytometry. DNA histogram analysis provides valuable information on the cycling activity of a tumor population through S-phase estimates; it also identifies nondiploid populations, a possible indicator of genetic instability and subsequent predisposition to metastas
Background: The European Molecular Genetics Quality Network (EMQN) was formed in order to improve external quality assessment for molecular genetic testing in Europe. From 1999 to 2002 it received funding from the European Union under the Standards, Measurement and Testing programme (contract no. SMT4-CT98-7515). Since then, its maintenance has been supported through subscription of the participan
BACKGROUND: Yeast and bacteria elicit arachidonate release in macrophages, leading to the formation of leukotrienes and prostaglandins, important mediators of inflammation. Receptors recognising various microbes have been identified, but the signalling pathways are not entirely understood. Cytosolic phospholipase A2 is a major down-stream target and this enzyme is regulated by both phosphorylation
Stationary and mobile field gamma spectrometry is a useful tool for rapid estimation of environmental radioactivity inventories on and in the ground. A weak point however, is that the depth distribution of the activity in the ground must be known in order to calculate the true activity per unit area or unit mass from an observed photon fluence rate. A promising method for converting incoming spect
The population sizes of five perennial vascular plant species confined to old unimproved dry grasslands were assessed, viz. Anthericum ramosum, Filipendula vulgaris, Silene nutans, Thymus pulegioides, and Thymus serpyllum. All populations within the region were included. Only for Filipendula vulgaris and Thymus serpyllum, significant relationships between habitat area and population size were foun
The size and shape of the cockerel comb, ran be regarded as secondary sexual characters or sexual ornaments. Sexual characters are assumed to be costly to express and the expression of a secondary sexual character is suggested to be favourably correlated with the bearer's condition or fitness. The aim of this study was to clarify the effects of selection for male sexual characters, the correlated
Abstract The contribution of biofilm and artificial feeds for the growth of the pink shrimp Farfantepenaeus paulensis reared in tanks and net cages were evaluated by using stable isotope (δ13C and δ15N) analysis. In the net cage experiment, mass balance and mixing equations showed that the biofilm contribution to shrimp growth was over 49% of carbon and 70% of nitrogen. These data suggest that the
Northern Europe was capped by ice during Weichsel (Wurm), the maximum of which occurred approximately 18,000 years before present. When in the latter part of the 19(th) century the view of an all-devastating land ice (the tabula rasa hypothesis) was generally adopted by natural scientists, plant biogeographers used a simple model predicting a post-glacial, northwards re-migration of species in con
It has been recently reported that both dynamic movement characteristics, as well as the duration of postures adopted during work, are important in the development of low back pain (LBP). This paper presents a video-based posture assessment method capable of measuring trunk angles and angular velocities in industrial workplaces. The interobserver reliability, system accuracy, and the relationship
This thesis concerns the analysis of anthropogenic substances of the compound class known as persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Sample preparation perspectives for the analysis of POPs in the environmental matrices water, soils and sediments are presented. This thesis features reasonably cheap and uncomplicated methodology capable of fast screening of POPs. It displays how quantitative extract
The complex interplay by tunneling and scattering in quantum cascade lasers is analyzed with nonequilibrium Green's functions. Data for a recently proposed simple structure based on only two wells per period is presented. This simple structure allows to visualize the relevance of the tunneling resonance very clearly. It is argued that a QCL design needs at least three levels per period, thus furth
Summary. We assessed the reliability and construct validity of the Compatible MRI scale for evaluation of elbows, and compared the diagnostic performance of MRI and radiographs for assessment of these joints. Twenty-nine MR examinations of elbows from 27 boys with haemophilia A and B [age range, 5–17 years (mean, 11.5)] were independently read by four blinded radiologists on two occasions. Three c
This work presents a literature review and a questionnaire study with 62 participants aimed at providing recommendations on the design of a set of evacuation systems for road tunnels: 1) Traffic Information Sign (TIS) - message and size of the sign (large or small), colour scheme, and use of pictograms and/or flashing lights, 2) Emergency exit portal layout - colour scheme, 3) Acoustic systems - v
The week following Halloween in 2006, a cultural event called ‘The altar of the dead’ was held in an urban park in the centre of the Swedish city of Malmö. Encouraging people to contemplate a deceased loved one by leaving gifts, by reciting poems, or simply by reminiscing at a confessionless altar placed in the public park, this event invited an inquiry into the relation between nature, space, and
Reactions of 4-thio-2′-deoxyuridine d(s4U) and 4-thiouridine 5′-monophosphate s4UMP with trans-[AuY2Cl2]+/– (Y = CN– or NH3) have been investigated by conventional and high-pressure stopped-flow spectrophotometry in aqueous solution with 2.9 ⩽ pH ⩽ 7.0. For a given combination of metal complex and sulfur donor the observed second-order rate constants decreased with increasing pH. In the pH range 2
