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BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus types 16 (HPV-16) and 18 (HPV-18) cause approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide. A phase 3 trial was conducted to evaluate a quadrivalent vaccine against HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18 (HPV-6/11/16/18) for the prevention of high-grade cervical lesions associated with HPV-16 and HPV-18. METHODS: In this randomized, double-blind trial, we assigned 12,167 women b

Sediment cores from Kriegers Flak in the southwestern Baltic Sea provide a unique possibility to study the Middle Weichselian history of the Baltic Basin. Three Weichselian interstadial units have been identified and are attributed to Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3, 60-25 ka). The oldest unit A is characterized by a deglaciation sequence, gradually turning into brackish-water clay. The low-diversit

Background Atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome is a genetic, life-threatening, chronic disease of complement-mediated thrombotic microangiopathy. Plasma exchange or infusion may transiently maintain normal levels of hematologic measures but does not treat the underlying systemic disease. Methods We conducted two prospective phase 2 trials in which patients with atypical hemolytic-uremic syndrome wh

The reaction center protein D1 in photosystem II shows a high turnover during illumination. The degradation of the DI protein is preceded by photoinhibition of the electron transport in photosystem II. There are two distinct mechanisms for this: acceptor-side- and donor-side-induced photoinhibition. Here, donor-side-induced photoinhibition was studied in photosystem II membranes after Cl- depletio

Development and optimization of the production of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their attendant 'natural' inhibitors as biopreservatives to control undesirable bacteria currently remains a primary focus of several laboratories involved in research concerning food safety and quality. Strategies utilized to study incorporation of biopreservatives into food include either direct use of LAB-strains o

GLP-1 receptor agonists may provide an alternative to prandial insulin for advancing basal insulin therapy. Harmony 6 was a randomized, open-label, active-controlled trial testing once-weekly albiglutide vs thrice-daily prandial insulin lispro as an add-on to titrated once-daily insulin glargine.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Patients taking basal insulin (with or without oral agents) with HbA1c 7-1

The ForSAFE-VEG model was used to investigate the impacts of climate change and air pollution scenarios on soil chemistry and ground vegetations composition. In particular, the model involves a ground vegetation model incorporating plant changes to ambient site conditions in terms of climate and chemistry, but the model also incorporate competition between the different plant groups. The model was

Objective: The formation of glucose degradation products (GDPs) during sterilization of peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) is one of the most important aspects of biocompatibility of glucose-containing PDFs. Producers of PDFs are thus trying to minimize the level of GDPs in their products. 3,4-Dideoxyglucosone-3-ene (3,4-DGE) has been identified as the most bioreactive GDP in PDFs. It exists in a t

Abstract: In the cerebral cortices of rats, during insulininduced hypoglycemia, changes in the concentrations of labile phosphate compounds [ATP, ADP, AMP, and phosphocreatine (PCr)] and glycolytic metabolites (lactate, pyruvate, and glucose) as well as phospholipids and free fatty acids (FFAs) were studied in relation to extracellular potassium and calcium activities. Changes in extracellular ca

Background: Overweight and obesity were recently associated with a poor prognosis in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Whether the metabolic consequences of obesity as defined by the metabolic syndrome (MS) are also linked with disease progression remains untested. Methods: Eligible ADPKD patients with different stages of CKD (n = 105) and 105 non-diabetic control

Stair-ascending at maximum ability is required during emergency evacuations to reach a safe refuge from deep underground structures. We hypothesized that an ascent can last maximum 5 min at the individual’s maximum step rate (SR), and oxygen uptake (V˙O2) would not reach a stable state. This study explored stair-ascending endurance and some physiological constraints of performance. Eighteen health

Lipid-lowering statin treatment reduces cardiovascular morbidity and mortality and improves endothelial function in patients with hypercholesterolemia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate plasma levels of fibrinogen, factor VII, and the macrophage-derived inflammatory mediator neopterin during lipid lowering. In addition, the endothelial production of platelet antiaggregatory and vasodila

Terrestrial biogeochemical feedbacks to the climate are strongly modulated by the temperature response of soil microorganisms. Tropical forests, in particular, exert a major influence on global climate because they are the most productive terrestrial ecosystem. We used an elevation gradient across tropical forest in the Andes (a gradient of 20°C mean annual temperature, MAT), to test whether soil

AIMS: Pretreatment of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) with P2Y12 receptor antagonists is supported by guidelines and is a common practice despite the lack of definite evidence for its benefit. METHODS AND RESULTS: Using data from the Swedish Coronary Angiography and Angioplasty Registry on procedures between 2005 and 2016, we stratified all patients who underwent primary p

Background: Treatment with omega-3 fatty acids and fenofibrates reduces serum triglyceride levels, but few studies have compared the effect of these agents on liver fat. Objective: The aim of the EFFECT I trial (NCT02354976) was to determine the effects of free omega-3 carboxylic acids (OM-3CA) and fenofibrate on liver fat in overweight or obese individuals with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease a

Background: Although reduced lung function is associated with both COPD and coronary events (CE), the pattern of lung function impairment could be different for the two outcomes. We examined different measures of lung function in relation to incident COPD events and CE in a population-based cohort. Methods: Baseline spirometry and lung clearance index (LCI) were assessed in 672 men aged 55 years.