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This study evaluated the suitability of the latest retrospective Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement V06 (IMERG) Final Run product with a relatively long period (beginning from June 2000) for drought monitoring over mainland China. First, the accuracy of IMERG was evaluated by using observed precipitation data from 807 meteorological stations at multiple temp
Objective: Neurological outcome prediction is crucial early after cardiac arrest. Serum biomarkers released from brain cells after hypoxic-ischaemic injury may aid in outcome prediction. The only serum biomarker presently recommended in the European Resuscitation Council prognostication guidelines is neuron-specific enolase (NSE), but NSE has limitations. In this study, we therefore analyzed the o
Purpose: Digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) is a promising breast cancer screening tool that has already begun making inroads into clinical practice. However, there is ongoing debate over how to quantitatively evaluate and optimize these systems, because different definitions of image quality can lead to different optimal design strategies. Powerful and accurate tools are desired to extend our und
The Gaia-ESO Survey (GES) observed many open clusters as part of its programme to spectroscopically characterize the various Milky Way populations. GES spectroscopy and Gaia astrometry from its second data release are used here to assign membership probabilities to targets towards 32 open clusters with ages from 1 to 3800 Myr, based on maximum likelihood modelling of the 3D kinematics of the clust
Based on extensive qualitative (interviews, n50) and quantitative data (survey questionnaire, n3200), this paper identifies management – and not only managerial regimes – as a problem in in public sector work places. The paper specifically explores what nurses and social workers identify as central areas of conflict shaping their work, and what forms of structural and organizational change they vi
Current large-scale deforestation poses a threat to ecosystems globally, and imposes substantial and prolonged changes on the hydrological and carbon cycles. The tropical forests of the Amazon and Indonesia are currently undergoing deforestation with catastrophic ecological consequences but widespread deforestation events have occurred several times in Earth's history and these provide lessons for
Chronic respiratory diseases are among the leading causes of death worldwide, but only symptomatic therapies are available for terminal illness. This in part reflects a lack of biomimetic in vitro models that can imitate the complex environment and physiology of the lung. Here, a copolymeric membrane consisting of poly(ε-)caprolactone and gelatin with tunable properties, resembling the main charac
Aim: To evaluate the long-term success rate of treatment with the Surgisis® (Biodesign®) anal fistula plug for complex anal fistulas, assess fistula plug failure over time and compare success rates for fistula plug between a group of patients with cryptoglandular fistula and another group with Crohn's fistula. Method: This is a single-centre study of consecutive patients treated with the Surgisis®
The risk among asphalt workers of developing adverse health effects may increase due to their occupational exposure. One area of special concern arises when rubber granules are mixed into bitumen to enhance asphalt properties. This research characterizes and compares bitumen and rubber bitumen regarding the emissions of and workers' exposure to particulates, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)
Cities are key actors in reducing both the causes of climate change (mitigation) and its impact (adaptation), and many have developed separate mitigation and adaptation strategies and measures. However, in order to maximize outcomes, both scholars and practitioners are increasingly calling for more integrated and synergetic approaches. Unfortunately, related research remains scarce and fragmented,
Lung transplantation is the only option for patients with end-stage lung disease, but there is a shortage of available lung donors. Furthermore, efficiency of lung transplantation has been limited due to primary graft dysfunction. Recent mouse models mimicking lung disease in humans have allowed for deepening our understanding of disease pathomechanisms. Moreover, new techniques such as decellular
Savannas are inherently “disturbed” ecosystems, but the regularly recurring disruptions play such a fundamental ecological role (Scholes and Archer, 1997) that “episodic events” rather than “disturbance” may the more apt terminology. From an atmospheric perspective, fire is the most significant of these episodic events. Fires shape community species composition; tree to grass ratio and nutrient re
Ferromagnetic semiconductor thin layers of the quaternary (Ga,Mn)(Bi,As) and reference, ternary (Ga,Mn)As compounds, epitaxially grown under either compressive or tensile strain, have been characterized from a perspective of structural and magnetization homogeneity. The quality and composition of the layers have been confirmed by secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS). A thorough evaluation of the
The Baltic Sea is one of the most eutrophied seas in the world, facing challenges with both hypoxia and algae blooms. In this study we analyse the effect of using different fishery policy instruments to reduce nutrient loads by removing fish biomass from the ecosystem. The study covers Danish, Finnish and Swedish pelagic fisheries. We distinguish between a private optimum maximising the net presen
The production and consumption of fossil fuels need to decrease significantly to meet the 2015 Paris Agreement's ambitious climate change goals. However, fossil fuels continue to receive significant amounts of government support. Although reforming fossil fuel subsidies can yield climate change mitigation benefits, the specific international and domestic political context and political economy of
ESA's Earth Explorer candidate mission A-SCOPE aims at observing CO2 from space with an active LIDAR instrument. This study employs quantitative network design techniques to investigate the benefit of A-SCOPE observations in a Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System. The system links the observations to the terrestrial vegetation model BETHY via the fine resolution version of the atmospheric transpo
The paper presents a feasibility study for a Climate Prediction Data Assimilation System following the methodological approach of the Carbon Cycle Data Assimilation System (CCDAS). The usefulness of accurate gradient information for estimating process parameters of the spectral atmospheric circulation model PUMA on climate time-scales is investigated. Pseudo observations of the long-term mean surf
We present the DEAL language for heap assertions that are efficiently evaluated during garbage collection time. DEAL is a rich, declarative, logic-based language whose programs are guaranteed to be executable with good whole-heap locality, i.e., within a single traversal over every live object on the heap and a finite neighborhood around each object. As a result, evaluating DEAL programs incurs ne
