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Background: MR-generated acoustic noise may be particularly concerning at 7-Tesla (T) systems. Noise levels can be reduced by altering gradient output using software optimization. However, such alterations might influence image quality or prolong scan times, and these optimizations have not been well characterized. Purpose: To evaluate image quality, sound pressure levels (SPLs), and perceived noi
Labile organic carbon is a major nutrient, controlling microbial activity in aquatic ecosystems and contributing to the global cycling of carbon. During the production and distribution of drinking water, labile carbon fractions often escape treatment, which threatens water quality and biostability. This study proposes and compares two rapid methods for monitoring the production and removal of labi
BACKGROUND: Local resection of early rectal cancer (RC) is a desirable treatment option compared with surgery, offering reduced morbidity, mortality, health care costs and avoidance of stoma. However, local resection is restricted to cases without suspicion of lymph node metastases (LNM). Current methods to diagnose LNM and risk estimations based on histopathology cannot reliably identify patients
BackgroundIt remains unclear as to why some individuals at low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) develop severe coronary atherosclerosis, while those at high CVD risk may remain free from coronary atherosclerosis.PurposeUsing Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography (CCTA), we aimed to identify factors associated with absence and severe coronary atherosclerosis in subjects from the general popu
Called in after discussions about prognosis between referring clinicians and patients, palliative care consultants sometimes find that the patient does not seem to understand what the referring clinician believes he or she explained. However, holding a more explicit discussion about prognosis may compromise the palliative care clinician's rapport with both the patient and the referring clinician.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) presents complex challenges due to its multifactorial nature, poorly understood etiology, and late detection. The mechanisms through which genetic and modifiable risk factors influence disease susceptibility are under intense investigation, with APOE being the major genetic risk factor for late onset AD. Yet the impact of unique risk factors on brain networks is difficult
Filter exchange imaging (FEXI) is a double diffusion-encoding (DDE) sequence that is specifically sensitive to exchange between sites with different apparent diffusivities. FEXI uses a diffusion-encoding filtering block followed by a detection block at varying mixing times to map the exchange rate. Long mixing times enhance the sensitivity to exchange, but they pose challenges for imaging applicat
Biochemical analyses of blood can decipher physiological conditions of living animals and unravel mechanistic underpinnings of life-history strategies and trade-offs. Yet, researchers in ecology and evolution often face constraints in which methods to apply, not least due to blood volume restrictions or field settings. Here, we test the suitability of a portable biochemical analyser (Zoetis VetSca
Introduction: Phytates are nutrient-binding compounds found mainly in cereals and legumes, which may significantly contribute to micronutrient malnutrition in regions where phytate-rich cereals, such as maize, are staple food.Objectives: This study investigated how maize fermentation, both alone and in combination with soaking and germination, can reduce phytate levels and enhance the estimated bi
Ground-level ozone (O3), formed via complex photochemistry involving nitrogen oxides (NOx) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), is a critical secondary pollutant and oxidant. Therefore, understanding whether the formation of O3 is NOx- or VOC-limited is essential for effective air quality management. Recently, we demonstrated that the distribution of highly oxygenated organic molecules (HOMs) ca
Background and Objectives Structural brain MRI and blood-based phosphorylated tau (p-tau) measures are among the least invasive and least expensive Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers to date. The extent to which these biomarkersmay outperformone another in predicting future Alzheimer dementia diagnosis is poorly understood, however. This study investigated 2 specific AD biomarkers, i.e., a cortic
Objective: New guidelines for the interpretation of cardiotocography (CTG) have been presented by FIGO in 2015 (FIGO-15) and by NICE in 2017 (NICE-17) and 2022 (NICE-22) In Sweden, a previous template from 2009 (SWE-09) was replaced in 2017 (SWE-17). The objective of the study was to compare these five different templates for CTG classification regarding sensitivity, specificity, positive and nega
Preamble: Robotic magnetic navigation (RMN)-guided catheter ablation (CA) technology has been used for the treatment of cardiac arrhythmias for almost 20 years. Various studies reported that RMN allows for high catheter stability, improved lesion formation and a superior safety profile. So far, no guidelines or recommendations on RMN-guided CA have been published. Purpose: The aim of this consensu
Boreal and temperate forests are undergoing structural, compositional and functional changes in response to increasing temperatures, changes in precipitation, and rising CO2, but the extent of the changes in forests will also depend on current and future forest management. This study utilized the dynamic vegetation model LPJ-GUESS enabled with forest management (version 4.1.2, rev11016) to simulat
Background: A juxtarenal abdominal aortic aneurysm is defined as a short (less than 4mm) or no-neck aneurysm, which is often treated with open or complex endovascular repair. The evidence to support the best treatment strategy is scarce. The aim of this study was to assess the short- and mid-term outcomes of elective open surgical repair or fenestrated endovascular aneurysm repair for juxtarenal a
Wetland methane responses to temperature and precipitation are studied in a boreal wetland-rich region in northern Europe using ecosystem process models. Six ecosystem models (JSBACH-HIMMELI, LPX-Bern, LPJ-GUESS, JULES, CLM4.5, and CLM5) are compared to multi-model means of ecosystem models and atmospheric inversions from the Global Carbon Project and upscaled eddy covariance flux results for thei
The aim of this study was to explore how people with impairments perceived the accessibility of information regarding the COVID-19 pandemic in Sweden and what improvements they suggest to ensure accessibility of information in future societal crises. The study had a descriptive design, involving interviews and focus group discussions with people with impairments and their representative organisati
BACKGROUND: Telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn) variations are linked to age-related diseases and are associated with environmental exposure and nutritional status. Limited data, however, exist on the associations with mercury exposure, particularly early in life.OBJECTIVE: We examined the association between prenatal mercury (Hg) exposure and TL and mtDNAcn in 1,145 S
Building performance predictions and their reliability rely heavily on weather data inputs. Climate is affected by spatial and temporal differences related to climate change and urban heat island effects, but the weather files used in building performance simulations (BPS) often remain unchanged and may represent weather observations generated from inadequate space and time for their application.
