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The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of vertical brand extensions on consumer perceptions and brand equity. The aim of this study is to take a strategic brand management perspective in order to answer two research questions: How does a vertical brand extension affect the brand? How does a vertical brand extension affect consumer perceptions of the core brand? The main finding in thi
The song of many songbirds can be thought of as consisting of variable sequences of a finite set of syllables. A common approach in understanding the structure of these songs is to model the syllable sequences with a Markov Model. The Markov Model can either allow one-to-one (Markov Chain), many-to-many (Hidden Markov Model) or many-to-one (Partially Observed Markov Model) state to syllable mappin
The enlargement of the European Union is upon us&semic a more advanced economic reasoning is developing&semic the European Commission receives an increased number of cases&semic a more developed and complex market stresses an increased sophistication of analysis and, finally, the Commission is exposed to an increased scrutiny by the European courts. All these factors are relevant in or
This master’s thesis report describes the development of a new system for control and monitoring of a helium liquefaction plant which has been carried out at Kryolab, Lund University. At the plant, helium gas is purified and then cooled in several steps until it condensates. The plant is very similar to the ones constructed today, but Kryolab wished to replace the outdated control system. The new
Politics should be constituted by social representativeness in order to be conceptualised as democratic and legitimate. The set of politicians ought to be diverse and heterogeneous with the aim to include a wide spectrum of interest and concerns. The debate about women lacking power in politics was raised in the seventies. The political parties acted in response to the debate by implementing diffe
Denna uppsats behandlar det regelverk inom asylrätten som gör det möjligt att exkludera vissa skyddsbehövande individer från att ta del av skyddet som nationell och internationell rätt erbjuder. Syftet med uppsatsen har varit att utreda huruvida ett exkluderande av en skyddsbehövande kan anses utgöra ett straff för ett begånget brott i straffrättslig mening. Om exklusionsförfarandet kan anses utgöThis thesis address the rules of asylum law that allows exclusion of certain persons in need of protection from taking part of the protection provided by national and international law. The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate whether an exclusion may be regarded as punishment for a committed crime in criminal law. If the exclusion procedure may be regarded as a criminal procedure, the l
Local political leaders as well as international organizations have embraced participatory budgeting in response to problems of political exclusion and citizens’ dissatisfaction with representative democracy. This article provides a framework to highlight important aspects of the politics of participation. The framework allows scholars to explore how factors external to spaces of participation intLocal political leaders as well as international organizations have embraced participatory budgeting in response to problems of political exclusion and citizens’ dissatisfaction with representative democracy. This article provides a framework to highlight important aspects of the politics of participation. The framework allows scholars to explore how factors external to spaces of participation int
Decolonizing development has animated conferences, grants, and programs for several years, a response to the ineffectiveness of much aid and ongoing colonial legacies. Yet, little attention has gone to the education of development practitioners and its impacts on their professional practices. We lack practical approaches for decolonizing our classrooms, especially approaches based on experiences o
This study utilizes a panel data of 69 developing and developed countries to analyze the impacts of Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights (TRIPS) on the innovation outcomes of the Information and Communication Technology (ICT) sector. The panel analysis is assisted with detailed observations on successful cases that have achieved impressive innovation outcomes over the years, in or
This research intends to explore the mental health of female Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. Specifically, it analyzes reasons for mental disorders and how Rohingya women cope, from the perspectives of humanitarian aid workers. Mental disorders are defined from a universalist perspective and the analysis is guided by theoretical frameworks of Tay et. al (2018) and Kleinman (1978). The research de
The aim of this essay is to explore cyberbullying and online hate in games with a focus on how the game developers attempt to self-regulate this hate. With the Swedish laws not being in place to protect the victims and sanctioning the offenders this aspect is a clear example of in-formal control. The essay used Barry Zimmerman’s theory about self-regulation. The empirical part of this essay consis
Car prevalence in society has a negative effect on both local and global environments. One way to tackle these problems is to restrict car traffic in city centres, this comes not only with effects on the environment. How car free zones can affect retail in cities is examined in this study. The study takes place in ten retail shops in the city centre of Lund along three streets. Customers are aske
In conjugated polymers the concept of spectroscopic units belonging to different spatial segments of the chain, which are responsible for the spectroscopic properties of the polymer, has been used to explain the spectral heterogeneity and the excitation migration by (Forster type) hopping transfer. In the present work we study the possible mechanism of segmentation of polythiophene into spectrosco
This essay examines if and how output-based aid (OBA) in the urban water sector contributes to long-term and pro-poor development. OBA is a results-based method where contractual agreements stipulate subsidy payments on delivery of outputs, rather than subsidies towards project inputs. To study the characteristics and effects of OBA, the essay adopts a New Institutional Economics perspective, and
This Master Thesis successfully explains the difference in probability of default implied by Credit Default Swaps, traded by the market, and the benchmark Moody’s EDFTM. The difference is explained by the market price of risk, related to the Girsanov kernel, allowing us to transform the risk neutral measure Q to the physical measure P. This market price of risk is modeled with a log-linear multiva
Professor, Programme director – Master of Data Analytics and Business Economics Contact details Email: joakim [dot] westerlund [at] nek [dot] lu [dot] se Phone: +46 46 222 89 97Organisation Department of Economics Room number: Alfa1:4027 Service point: 10 WebpageJoakim Westerlunds profile in Lund University research portalPersonal website:https://sites.google.com/site/perjoakimwesterlund/ Publicat
https://www.lusem.lu.se/joakim-westerlund - 2026-07-17
The aim of this paper is to discuss and analyze three cases of local parties, often referred to as independent local lists, in Sweden. More specifically the case study consists of three cases of urban local parties which can be described as local parties in municipalities with a bigger than average population. The study contributes to the research by exclusively focusing on urban local parties whi
The right to health for persons with disabilities in the global South is far from being realized. The 2011 World Report on Disability suggests that the majority of persons with disabilities live in low- and middle-income countries. Further studies suggest that around 80% of persons with disabilities in global South countries report poor health. With this in mind, this thesis will focus on the righ
