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Background: Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anoma
Background: Concizumab is an anti-tissue factor pathway inhibitor monoclonal antibody in development as a once-daily, subcutaneous prophylaxis for patients with haemophilia A or haemophilia B with or without inhibitors. We aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of concizumab in patients with haemophilia A or B without inhibitors. Here we report the results from the confirmatory analysis cutoff. M
EU countries have committed to taking national measures to reduce the average energy use of residential buildings by 16% by 2030 and 20–22% by 2035. Each country has decided how to achieve this and which buildings to focus on. However, certain categories of residential buildings, including historical buildings but also second homes, may be exempt from these obligations. In Sweden, second homes con
This study systematically evaluates and meta-analyzes Mendelian randomization studies on the bidirectional causal relationship between Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and systemic diseases. We searched five databases, assessed study quality, and extracted data. Diseases were classified using ICD-11, and the meta-analysis was performed with RevMan 5.4. A total of 56 studies identified genetic links betwee
Inget statligt ingrepp har någonsin haft en så negativ inverkan på den fackliga organisationsgraden i Sverige som den förändring av a-kassornas finansiering som den borgerliga alliansregeringen genomförde från årsskiftet 2006/2007. Under loppet av två år sjönk andelen fackligt anslutna löntagare med sex procentenheter: från 77 procent 2006 till 71 procent 2008. Den 1 januari 2007 höjdes avgifterna
Background: The spectrum of disorders of the brain is large, covering hundreds of disorders that are listed in either the mental or neurological disorder chapters of the established international diagnostic classification systems. These disorders have a high prevalence as well as short- and long-term impairments and disabilities. Therefore they are an emotional, financial and social burden to the
Cutaneous human papillomaviruses (HPVs) have been associated with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in case-control studies, but there are limited data from prospective studies assessing whether virus exposure predicts risk of future cancer development. Two major biobanks, the Southern Sweden Microbiology Biobank (1971-2003) and the Janus Biobank (1973-2003) in Norway, containing samples from 850,000
The European eel (Anguilla anguilla) faces significant challenges during its migratory lifecycle due to anthropogenic habitat fragmentation. Fish passage solutions, such as eel ramps, aim to mitigate such barriers, but their effectiveness varies and may impose selective pressures on eel phenotypes. This study evaluates the impact of ramp design and water flow on the climbing success of juvenile ee
The phase behavior and phase structure of the SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)-Al(NO3)(3)-H2O system have been studied by combined NMR, SAXS, cryo-TEM and optical polarization microscopy methods at 298 K (25 degreesC) and 311 K (38 degreesC). At 298 K, the micellar solution phase of the binary system SDS-water is not capable of solubilising substantial amount of Al(NO3)(3) salt, and at a certain subst
Popular Abstract in Swedish Ansamlingen av avfall i soptippar skapar miljöproblem då mikrobiell nedbrytning av lättnedbrytbart avfall ger upphov till växthusgaser (metangas och koldioxid). Dessutom bildas förorenade lakvatten på grund av att regnvatten tränger igenom deponin. Lakvattnet innehåller ofta höga halter av ammoniumjoner samt organiska ämnen. Ammoniumjonen är en giftig förening som ger aAbstract The efficiency of different leachate treatment methods for the removal of refractory organic compounds and ammonium-nitrogen was investigated. The methods evaluated were nitrification, denitrification, adsorption onto activated carbon, precipitation by ferric chloride or aluminum sulphate and oxidation by ozone or Fenton´s reagent. Furthermore, analyses were performed on leachates from mu
Popular Abstract in Swedish Trastsångarnas MHC gener i klarspråk Inuti kroppen ser vi väldigt lika ut allihop; men om mina njurar skulle sluta att fungera är det inte alls säkert att just du kan donera en njure till mig. Detta beror på att våra transplantations-gener eller s.k. MHC- (Major Histocompatibility Complex) gener är olika, och vid en transplantation måste många av donatorns och mottagarIn vertebrates the Major Histocompatibility Complex (MHC) plays a central role in the specific immune defence against various pathogens. Compared with other coding genes the MHC genes exhibit an extremely high level of polymorphism that is maintained by balancing selection. The importance in the immune defence and the polymorphism make these genes interesting to study from an ecological and evolut
Abstract in Danish Denne artikel rejser spørgsmålet om grunderne til neuropsykiatriens dominans inden for feltet mentala forstyrrelser. I kapitlets første del søges orsagerne i neuropsykiatriens videnskablige inhold. Diskussionen vil især dreje sig om neuropsykiatrins klassifikations- og førklaringssystem. Det vil bland andet framgå, at neuropsykiatriens fenomenologisk baserede klassifikationer (D
High accuracy and low computational costs are essential properties for efficient finite element codes. Improvements of the finite element method in order to satisfy these qualities have been the subject for extensive research activities ever since its introduction. In this thesis, a class of improved low-order finite elements is proposed which possesses high accuracy in bending even for coarse
Increased risks of certain cancers have been observed in patients with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. However, data on other cancer sites/types are lacking. We analyzed systematically the risk of developing 35 common cancers in patients with HCV infection using a nationwide Swedish database. Patients with HCV infection were identified from the Swedish Hospital Inpatient and Outpatient Register
Context: When using the Case Method in teaching situations, problem-solving is emphasized and taught, in order to acquire the skills and later be able to apply them in new situations. The basis of the learning process is the students’ own activity in the situation and is built on critical appraisal and discussion. Objectives: To explain what the Case Method is, what it is not and to describe when
The capability of the antibody (Ab) repertoire to mount a response to appropriate epitopes on infectious agents will strongly affect the ability of the immune system to provide protection against disease. Certain epitopes may be poor inducers of immunity but are nevertheless able to promote biologically important protection when recognized by the immune repertoire. We have investigated the recogni
Popular Abstract in Swedish Populärvetenskaplig svensk sammanfattning Har allvarliga infektioner orsakade av bakterien Haemophilus influenzae försvunnit? En undertyp av H. influenzae, typ b (Hib), var tidigare en fruktad orsak till struplocksinflammation, hjärnhinneinflammation och svår blodförgiftning hos små barn. Problemet var så stort att allmän vaccination mot Hib infördes i många länder i böWhat is the current status of Haemophilus influenzae as an agent of invasive infection in Sweden? H. influenzae type b (Hib) used to be a common cause of meningitis, epiglottitis and severe sepsis in young children. In the late 1980’s an effective conjugated vaccine against Hib was developed and a dramatic fall in Hib incidence was observed in countries that implemented vaccination. This includes
Popular Abstract in English Mobile communication systems are now evolving towards the fifth generation (5G). In the near future, we expect an explosive increase in the number of connected devices, such as phones, tablets, wearable accessories, sensors, connected vehicles and so on. We can imagine that much higher data rates than in today's 4G systems are required. Sounds like the future of communiMobile communications are now evolving towards the fifth generation (5G). In the near future, we expect an explosive increase in the number of connected devices, such as phones, tablets, sensors, connected vehicles and so on. Much higher data rates than in today's 4G systems are required. In the 5G visions, better coverage in remote regions is also included, aiming for bringing the current "4 bill
Uppsatsen behandlar två mycket starka och ibland motstående intressen. Den misstänktes möjlighet att på ett effektivt sätt förbereda sitt försvar genom rätten till insyn i förundersökningen och intresset av en effektiv brottsbekämpning genom skydd för uppgifter om spaningsmetoder. Syftet är att bedöma vad som är en bra avvägning mellan dessa intressen. En fördjupning har gjorts i två särskilda spThe paper deals with two very strong and sometimes conflicting interests. The suspect's right to effectively be able to prepare his defense by having the right to information in the preliminary investigation and the interest of law enforcement agencies’ efficiency in crime-fighting by protection of their surveillance methods. The purpose is to see what a good balance between these two interest
Barnets ställning i det svenska samhället har under de senaste århundradena utvecklats från en obetydlig människa till en individ som spelar en stor roll i människors liv. Denna utveckling är ett exempel på hur mänskliga relationer och sociala processer påverkar hur man ser på olika individer i samhället. Utvecklingen skulle också kunna ses som en bidragande orsak till varför vårdnadstvister har öIn the last centuries, the child´s position in society has evolved from being seen as an insignificant human being to an individual that plays an important role in people’s lives. This development is an example of how social processes and human relations play part in how we see different people in society. The custody disputes in Sweden has increased over the past years. The evolvement of the chil
