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This thesis has been carried out to investigate a few areas concerning electric and hybrid electric powered land vehicles. The main objective has been to analyze the efficiency of such power trains to compare them with canonical combustion engines, both in a tank-to-wheels basis and a well-to-wheels basis. One of the question formulations is if an electric or plug-in hybrid electric vehicle charge
En medlemsstats nationella inkomstskatteregel som hindrar eller inskränker EUF-fördragets bestämmelser om fri rörlighet kan anses vara rättfärdigad om den uppfyller vissa kriterier. Det centrala i denna uppsats är den bedömning som EU-domstolen gör för att avgöra huruvida regeln är rättfärdigad eller ej. Detta innebär att uppsatsen innehåller en redogörelse för det så kallade rule of reason-testetA member state’s national income tax legislation, which prevents or restricts the provisions on free movement in the Treaty of the Functioning of the European Union, can be justified if it meets certain criteria. The essence of this thesis is the assessment made by the European Court of Justice (the Court) to determine whether the legislation is justified or not. This means that this thesis contai
Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka förslaget att införa en ny form av uppgiftsskyldighet, Mandatory Disclosure Rules, i skatteförfarandelagen. Förslaget består dels av en implementering av EU-direktivet DAC 6, dels av en inhemsk reglering som saknar motsvarighet i DAC 6. Det huvudsakliga syftet med förslaget är att motverka aggressiv skatteplanering. I uppsatsen används den rättsdogmatiska The purpose of this thesis is to review the proposal to introduce a new reporting obligation, Mandatory Disclosure Rules, in the Swedish Tax Procedures Act. The proposal consists partly of an implementation of the EU directive DAC 6, partly of a domestic regulation without parallel in DAC 6. The main purpose of the proposal is to counter aggressive tax planning. In the thesis, the traditional lega
In this work, the influence of substrate bias voltage on the microhardness, adhesive strength, friction coefficient, and wear rate of AIP Cr2O3 films deposited on AISI 304 stainless steel substrates was investigated systematically. In the meantime, the wear failure mechanism of AIP Cr2O3 films in dry sliding contact was also analyzed and discussed. The results showed that the mechanical properties
OBJECTIVE: People with disabilities find it harder to enter the labour market than people without disabilities and those with a mental illness are, in relation to people with other disabilities, employed at an essentially lower extent. Many are effectively helped by the vocational rehabilitation model Individual Placement and Support (IPS), but there are still many individuals left in undesired un
In this thesis, the territorial scope of patent law in space is analyzed. The purpose and the research questions are: Do patents apply in space, and can an inventor be protected against unauthorized use of a patented invention made in space? Patents are a national territorial exclusive right that is not applicable in space because there is no jurisdiction. The “Big Five” space treaties were es
Purpose – The purpose of this project is to study the performance of uncoated versus coated cemented carbide tools when performing milling operations in heat treated titanium alloys, with the goal of establishing a base line of knowledge and methodology linked to these difficult-to-machine materials relevant for the metal cutting industry. Design/methodology/approach – The work that is carried out
Parkinson´s Disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Only a small number of cases appear to be caused by genetic mutations, meaning most cases arise due to unknown mechanisms. While there are reported to be multiple causes of the disease, what links all cases is a small protein called α-synuclein whose aggregation appears to correlate to the pathology and progression of the dis
The biologically important grasslands of today have due to last century’s major changes in land use often been reduced to small, geographically isolated fragments. The low level of habitat connectivity in fragmented landscapes, prevents dispersal of organisms and is considered to be a great threat to biodiversity. In this study the impact of connectivity on the abundance of 6 species of grassland
A USLE/GIS approach was applied to estimate soil loss for the two catchments ‘Mrichet’ and ‘Sadine2’ in the semi-arid Tunisian Dorsal. The approach is inspired by the doctoral thesis ‘Water erosion modeling using fractal rainfall disaggregation – A study in semiarid Tunisia’ by Dr. Sihem Jebari. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) was applied to predict soil loss magnitude and Geographic Infor
This thesis is a critical examination of the notion of an entry point to the labor market through a temporary work agency. By exploring the experience, content and consequences of temporary agency work I have investigated how power relations within the contemporary work life are articulated. Temporary agency work is portrayed as a labor market entry point for groups in risk of exclusion, such as i
This essay focuses on the verse 3:28 from Paul´s letter to the Galatians, in which Paul writes that “There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus.” I have chosen to focus, primarily, on the concepts of “male nor female” in a combined exegetical study and hermeneutical search for an inclusive, Pauline language
The increase of brownification in surface waters has been a problem for rivers and lakes from the northern hemisphere. The main factors of this water brownification are the increase of dissolved organic matter and iron in water bodies. This study aims to assess the contribution of groundwater flow and surface flow from Bolmsö Island to the water balance of Lake Bolmen, Sweden. This assessment help
I ett allt mer individbaserat samhälle, med ett skifte från normer när det gäller levnadssätt till allas unika livsval, ser vi ett ökat behov av boende för olika typer av konstellationer. Kärnfamiljen är inte lika självklar längre, ensamhushållen är fler och separationer är vanligt. Människor kan välja att bli förälder på egen hand och tvåsamhet som en självklarhet ifrågasätts helt och hållet. Vi In our individualized society, with a shift from strict norms on how we live our lives to everyone’s own unique lifestyle, we see a growing need for diversified housing for different types of constellations. The nuclear family is not a certainty anymore, the number of single residencies have increased and separations are common. People can choose to become a parent on their own and twosome relatio
In 2008, the Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland began a project in collaboration with the Bureau of Minerals and Petroleum of Greenland with the aim to publish a web-based, seamless digital map of the Precambrian bedrock between 61°30´ and 64°N in southern West Greenland. Such a map will be helpful for the mineral exploration industry and for basic research. Producing an updated digital ma
Epidemiological studies have shown an increased incidence of cancer among workers occupationally exposed to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). As the dermal route is considered important for exposure to PAHs in the workplace, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a tape-stripping technique for monitoring dermal exposure to pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene. The tape-stripping method was
The Andes mountains extend north–south in a latitudinal gradient of 8500 km. Because of the great climatic variety and the peculiar north–south orographic distribution, lakes are highly diverse, including different lake origins and contrasting morphometries. We reviewed >700 ecological studies on Andean lakes to identify the main threats to these freshwater systems. The most important threats are
Background: Adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as preterm delivery and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, may be associated with higher future risks of heart failure (HF). However, the comparative effects of different adverse pregnancy outcomes on long-term risk of HF, and their potential causality, are unclear. OBJECTIVES: The authors sought to examine 5 major adverse pregnancy outcomes in relati
At a time of increasing environmental changes and geopolitical tensions, the need for collaboration in the Arctic is greater than ever. Top-down initiatives such as the Arctic Council have contributed to important increased collaboration and science diplomacy. Similarly, bottom-up initiatives have also played a major role in establishing diplomacy among researchers with spin-offs at government lev
Language learners must become able to perceive and process new speech sounds in order to segment words and sentences. The process of obtaining these skills is, to a high degree, implicit. However, research attempting to find the neuroanatomical correlates of such an implicit learning system has mostly used artificial grammar or serial reaction time tasks that are lacking in linguistic relevance. ILanguage learning involves implicitly acquiring a sensitivity for novel speech sounds and phonological structure [1]. Implicit learning skill differs between individuals [2] and this individual difference could potentially be reflected in the quality of white matter tracts relevant for speech perception and production [3] or for implicit sequence learning [4]. Implicit learning of speech has been
